大家好，欢迎参加今晚的演讲。 Hello, everyone. Welcome to tonight's speech.
这是我第4次的年度演讲活动。今天现场来了很多人，还有很多很多朋友正在观看直播，感谢大家参与！ This is my fourth annual speech. Many people are here, and many more are watching online. Thank you all.
两个月前，我参加了武汉大学今年的毕业典礼。 Two months ago, I attended Wuhan University's graduation ceremony.
今年是武大建校130周年，现场有17000多人，特别壮观。作为校友，被母校邀请，在毕业典礼上致辞，对我来说，这是至高无上的荣誉。站在讲台上，我面对全校师生时，激动万分，当年记忆全部涌现出来。 This year marks its 130th anniversary, and more than 17,000 people attended. Being invited back as an alumnus was the highest honor. Facing the faculty and students, I was overwhelmed as old memories came flooding back.
01 01
武大往事 Memories of Wuhan University
1.1 梦想的起点 1.1 Where the Dream Began
1987年，36年前，我考上了武汉大学计算机系。 In 1987, thirty-six years ago, I entered Wuhan University's computer science department.
我在图书馆里看了一本书，《硅谷之火》，建立了自己一生的梦想。 In the library, I read Fire in the Valley and found my lifelong dream.
看完这本书后，我热血沸腾，激动得睡不着觉。当天晚上，星光很亮，我在武大操场上，走了一圈又一圈，走了整整一夜。我心里有团火：我要创办一家伟大的公司。梦想之火，在我心里彻底点燃了。 The book filled me with such excitement that I could not sleep. Beneath the bright stars, I walked around the university track all night. A fire burned inside me: I would build a great company. My dream had been ignited.
但是，一个大一新生，一个刚从县城出来的年轻人，什么也不会，什么也没有，就想创办一家伟大的公司，谈何容易！ But how could a first-year student from a small county town, with no skills or resources, possibly build a great company?
这么离谱的梦想，该如何实现呢？我完全理不清头绪，干脆就不想了，还是先把书读好。 I had no idea how to realize such an outrageous dream, so I stopped thinking about it and focused on studying first.
1.2 第一个目标：两年修完所有学分 1.2 First Goal: Complete Every Credit in Two Years
如何才能把书读得不同凡响呢？我琢磨了一个当时很夸张的目标：两年修完大学四年所有学分。那个年代，学分制刚刚开始，这样的想法，还是石破天惊的，很少有人想到。 How could I make my studies extraordinary? I set an audacious goal: complete all four years of credits in two years. The credit system had only just begun, and few people imagined such a thing.
当年我是如何做到的？今天时间有限，我给大家讲讲如何搞定三个难点。如果你正好在读大学，也许还用得上。 How did I do it? With limited time today, I will explain how I overcame three difficulties. If you are at university, this may help you.
第一，如何选课？ First, how should you choose courses?
上两倍的课，写两倍的作业，过两倍的考试，这是用地狱模式上大学。辛苦不要紧，关键是如何选课。我自己琢磨好久，还是一头雾水，下决心找个人问问！ Taking twice the classes, doing twice the homework, and sitting twice the exams was university on hell mode. Hard work was manageable; choosing courses was the real problem. After puzzling over it, I decided to ask someone.
我多少有点社恐，当时也是没办法，厚着脸皮，到大三大四同学宿舍，挨个敲门找老乡。 I was rather shy, but I forced myself to knock on the doors of third- and fourth-year students and look for people from my hometown.
这招在大学里特别好使，我很快就找到了几个，学长们特别热情，讲了几个小时：把整个课程体系都讲了一遍，哪些课容易，哪些课难，哪些课必须先上、哪些课可以后上，最后还八卦了各个老师的奇闻逸事。走的时候，他们还把用过的教材和教辅，甚至课堂笔记，都打包送给了我。 It worked wonderfully. Several senior students eagerly explained the entire curriculum for hours: which courses were easy or hard, which had prerequisites, and even stories about the teachers. They also gave me their textbooks, study guides, and notes.
这次聊完，我感觉突然开了天眼，大学怎么读，我基本清楚了。 After that conversation, everything suddenly became clear. I basically understood how to navigate university.
就是这次经历，我有了一个特别重要的收获：遇到问题，第一时间找个懂的人问问。很多人觉得，自己遇到的问题，只能自己琢磨、自己搞定。实际上，无论你遇到什么问题，别人可能都遇到过，都解决了，甚至都有标准答案，你只要找人问问就可以。 It taught me something important: when you encounter a problem, immediately ask someone who understands it. People often think they must solve problems alone. In reality, whatever your problem is, someone else has probably faced and solved it, perhaps with a standard answer. You only need to ask.
第二，如何自学？ Second, how do you teach yourself?
上两倍的课，这意味着大量课程要靠自学。我们计算机系是从数学系分出来的，相当于半个数学系，课程特别难。很多同学觉得《高等数学》很难学，其实，我们是不学《高等数学》的，我们学的数学系的专业课，比《高等数学》难多了。 Twice the classes meant learning many subjects independently. Our computer department grew out of mathematics and was effectively half a mathematics department, with extremely difficult courses. Students often call advanced mathematics hard, but we studied specialized mathematics courses that were much harder.
自学的时候，经常遇到看不懂的地方，一卡就卡很久，特别痛苦。怎么办呢？只能硬读，就是硬着头皮读，读着读着，终于开窍了： When studying alone, I often became stuck on things I could not understand. What could I do? I simply forced myself to keep reading until understanding finally came.
遇到实在看不懂的，先跳过去，咬着牙往下读，像看小说一样，坚持从头读到尾；一本书，这样反复多读几遍，基本就能搞懂。 If something was incomprehensible, I skipped it and read onward like a novel, from beginning to end. After repeating the book several times, I could generally understand it.
后来我才明白了其中的道理：知识不全是线性的，大部分是网状的，知识点之间不一定有绝对的先后关系；前面内容看不懂，跳过去，并不影响学后面的；后面的学会了，有时候更容易看懂前面的。 I later understood why: knowledge is not entirely linear but mostly a network. Ideas do not always have an absolute sequence. Skipping something earlier does not prevent learning what follows, and later knowledge can make earlier material easier.
在这里，我想多说几句：今天的社会，瞬息万变，光靠学校里学的知识肯定不够；只有养成终身学习的习惯，才能应对未来所有挑战。终身学习就是要靠自学能力。 Let me add this: society changes constantly, and what school teaches is never enough. Only lifelong learning can prepare us for future challenges, and lifelong learning depends on self-education.
第三，如何搞定点名？ Third, how did I handle attendance checks?
修两倍的课程，上课时间肯定会冲突。一旦缺课，就怕遇到老师点名。在大学，点名是大事。怎么办呢？ Taking twice the courses inevitably created timetable conflicts. Missing class meant risking an attendance check, a serious matter at university. What could I do?
老师点名的目的，就是怕大家不认真学习。我想出的办法是，如果我能给老师留下深刻印象，让他知道我没有偷懒，应该就可以了。 Teachers checked attendance because they feared students were not studying seriously. I reasoned that if I made an impression and showed I was not lazy, it should be fine.
于是，上课时，我直接坐到第一排，坐到老师很容易看到的地方；老师提问的时候，我总是第一个举手；课间休息时，有不懂的地方，我也主动找老师请教。 So I sat in the front row where teachers could see me, raised my hand first when they asked questions, and approached them during breaks whenever I needed help.
经过我的努力，系里大多数老师对我印象都不错，缺课就不是事了。 Through these efforts, most teachers formed a good impression of me, and occasional absences ceased to matter.
就这样，我克服了重重困难，终于搞定了四年所有学分！ That was how I overcame every obstacle and completed all four years of credits.
在这个过程中，武大的老师们特别友善，给了我很多指导和帮助，每每想起来，内心都充满了感激！ Wuhan University's teachers were exceptionally kind and gave me tremendous guidance. Remembering them still fills me with gratitude.
1.3 第二个目标：成为优秀的程序员 1.3 Second Goal: Become an Excellent Programmer
我学的是计算机，光修学分是不够的，把程序写好才是硬道理。 I studied computing. Earning credits was not enough; writing excellent programs was what mattered.
所以，我定的第二个目标：成为一个优秀的程序员。 So my second goal was to become an excellent programmer.
30多年前，电脑非常少。大一时候，全年级同学上机实践，只有一台68000小型机。四十多年前的小型机，性能远不如十年前的手机，还挂着 20多台终端，慢得令人发指。 Computers were scarce more than thirty years ago. In my first year, our entire class shared one Motorola 68000 minicomputer. It was far weaker than a phone from ten years ago, served over twenty terminals, and was painfully slow.
就是这样的条件，还不能放开了用，上机还需要凭票，每个人一周只有两张，每张2小时。 Even then, access was rationed. Each person received only two tickets a week, each valid for two hours.
每周就几个小时时间，时间太短了，要把程序写好，实在太难了。 With only a few hours weekly, becoming good at programming was extremely difficult.
于是，我有空就跑到机房门口排队，蹭电脑。碰到同学没来，我就可以捡漏。如果实在排不上，我就站在边上看同学上机，过过眼瘾。如果遇到同学不会，我就去指导一下，特别有成就感。 Whenever possible, I queued outside the computer room hoping someone would not appear. Otherwise, I watched classmates work. If someone needed help, I advised them and felt a great sense of achievement.
为了有效利用上机时间，我每次都提前在纸上把代码写好，到了机房后就可以直接输入了。怎么输入更快呢？我想了一个馊主意：用打印纸把键盘拓下来，贴在课桌上，然后，无论上什么课，一边上课，一边敲桌子，偷偷练打字。过段时间，我发现周围的同学都这么干了。上课的时候，经常听到有人敲桌子，把老师都搞懵了。 To use computer time efficiently, I wrote my code on paper beforehand and entered it immediately. To type faster, I traced a keyboard onto printing paper and taped it to my desk. During every class, I secretly practiced by tapping the desk. Soon classmates copied me, and teachers were baffled by the constant tapping.
实在没电脑用的时候，我还有一个绝招：在纸上写程序。教材中的示范程序，往往都是写得最好的。我合上教材，就在纸上用自己的方法重写所有示范程序，反复写，直到写到同样的水平。 When no computer was available, I wrote programs on paper. Textbook examples were usually excellent, so I closed the book and rewrote each one my own way until I matched its quality.
我上的第一门编程课是《Pascal 语言程序设计》。等我上大二的时候，有同学来告诉我，我写的 Pascal 作业被老师编入了新版教材。我非常高兴，我写的程序得到了老师的认可。 My first programming course was Pascal. In my second year, a classmate told me the teacher had included my assignment in a new edition of the textbook. I was thrilled that my work had been recognized.
后来我就开始在老师的实验室帮忙做课题。在实验室的电脑前，熬过一个又一个通宵，就逐步练成了同学眼里的“技术高手”。 I later helped with projects in a professor's laboratory. After countless nights at its computers, I gradually became the technical expert among my classmates.
几年前，我在知乎上还看到了一段汇编语言的代码，这是我在大二时候写的。这是DOS系统上的内存管理工具，叫RI，当时，这个小工具在国内很火，用的人很多，我索性就全部开源了。 A few years ago, I saw assembly code on Zhihu that I had written in my second year. It was a DOS memory-management tool called RI. It became popular in China, and I released all its source code.
时隔三十多年，现在还有人讨论，作为一个程序员，我挺自豪的。 People still discuss it more than thirty years later. As a programmer, that makes me proud.
1.4 第三个目标：在学报上发论文 1.4 Third Goal: Publish an Academic Paper
接着，我挑战第三个目标：在一级学报上发篇论文。对在校的大学生来说，这个目标相当困难。 My third challenge was publishing in a leading academic journal, a difficult goal for an undergraduate.
我去找我的老师张德向教授请教，他建议我把之前研究计算机病毒的思考整理一下，写成论文试试。 Professor Zhang Dexiang suggested organizing my research on computer viruses into a paper.
那个时候，国内刚刚经历了第一次计算机病毒大爆发。我花过不少时间琢磨，甚至还写过一款杀毒软件，算国内最早一批吧。 China had recently experienced its first major computer-virus outbreak. I had studied the subject extensively and even written one of China's early antivirus programs.
这个就算学术成果吗？我心里没底，但还是按张老师的建议，壮着胆子整理成论文。 I was unsure whether it counted as academic work, but followed Professor Zhang's advice and boldly wrote the paper.
那时论文都是写在稿纸上。我洋洋洒洒写了几十页，厚厚一沓稿纸。写完后，我拿给几个好朋友看，大家给我提了不少意见，有位同学最后说，字写得实在不怎么样，还告诉我，“字写得好看，机会就大”，于是，他自告奋勇、辛辛苦苦花了三天时间帮我誊写了一遍。 Papers were handwritten then. I filled dozens of manuscript pages and asked friends to review them. One said my handwriting was poor and that attractive handwriting improved the odds. He volunteered to spend three days copying the entire paper neatly.
然后，我就把论文寄给了权威的学术期刊《计算机研究与发展》。差不多过了半年，我收到回信说，论文被录用了！ I mailed it to the authoritative journal Computer Research and Development. About six months later, I learned it had been accepted.
当时，我特别激动。真没想到，第一次投稿就录用了。更没想到，等到正式发表，已经是两年后的 1992年8月。据说这就是正常流程。 I was ecstatic. My first submission had succeeded. More surprisingly, formal publication did not come until August 1992, two years later. Apparently, that was normal.
每次想到这件事，我都觉得：敢想敢干非常重要，年轻人要有年轻人的魄力，很多事情没有想象得那么复杂，去试试就知道了。 This always reminds me that daring to imagine and act matters. Young people need boldness. Many things are less complicated than they seem; you discover that by trying.
1.5 梦想与成长 1.5 Dreams and Growth
这就是我在武大的求学生涯。 That was my student life at Wuhan University.
很多人年轻时都有类似的经历，因为一本书、一部电影，或者一个人，梦想就被点燃了。 Many people have similar youthful experiences: a book, film, or person ignites a dream.
我幸运的是，我真的把这个梦想当回事，想办法拆解成一个又一个可实现的目标，然后竭尽全力去实现。 I was fortunate to take my dream seriously, break it into achievable goals, and give everything to each one.
梦想的力量极其强大，我想尽办法，把各种不可能的事情，变成了可能。 Dreams have immense power. I found ways to turn many impossibilities into possibilities.
这段经历为我以后的人生奠定了坚实的基础。 That experience built a solid foundation for my life.
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创业之旅 The Entrepreneurial Journey
修完学分后，我有了足够的时间，开始做一些有趣的事情。 After completing my credits, I had time for interesting projects.
2.1 第一款商业软件 2.1 My First Commercial Software
大二五一假期，在武汉的电子一条街上，我认识了一位朋友，技术水平很高，他叫王全国，他是武大学长，比我大四岁，已经留校当老师，在校办的一家网络设备公司上班。 During the May Day holiday of my second year, I met Wang Quanguo on Wuhan's electronics street. A highly skilled alumnus four years older than me, he had remained at the university as a teacher and worked for a university-run networking company.
我经常跑到他们那里去蹭电脑，他们的电脑比实验室的好太多了，而且都是最新型号的。我在他们演示机上写程序，如果有客户过来咨询，我就帮忙接待和介绍。老师们一直以为我在那里打工，实际上，我就是在那里蹭电脑，没有工资，中午管个盒饭。 I often went there to use their newer computers. I programmed on demonstration machines and helped customers with questions. The teachers thought I worked there, but I received no pay, only lunch.
我和王全国越来越熟，他也认可我的能力，到了暑假，我们决定一起写款加密软件。 Wang and I became friends. He respected my ability, and that summer we decided to write encryption software together.
为啥写加密软件？主要因为这类软件技术上比较难，我们想做点难的事情。 Why encryption? It was technically difficult, and we wanted to tackle something hard.
每天公司下班后，把卷帘门一关，整个办公室就成了我们的天下。 After work, we lowered the shutters and had the whole office to ourselves.
我开着两台电脑，一台写程序，一台做测试，心情有点像段子里说的那样：“等咱有钱了，豆浆买两碗，喝一碗，倒一碗”，别提有多爽！ I used two computers, one for coding and one for testing. It felt like the joke: when we get rich, we will buy two bowls of soy milk, drink one, and throw away the other. It was wonderful.
这段日子特别快乐，我们经常干到凌晨3-4点。困了，就直接睡在沙发上，办公室里正好有两张长沙发，我们俩一人一张。无论睡得多晚，第二天一定按时起床，因为公司九点要开门营业。 We were very happy, often working until three or four in the morning and sleeping on two long sofas. However late we slept, we rose on time because the office opened at nine.
就这样，没日没夜干了十五天，我们俩都瘦了一整圈，产品如期干出来了。 After fifteen days and nights of work, both of us had lost considerable weight, but we finished on schedule.
这就是我做的第一款商业软件，叫BITLOK，在当时加密软件圈引起了不小的反响，很受程序员和开发者的欢迎。这款软件定价2000多元，销量不错，我们持续升级了几代，卖了六七年时间，赚了不少钱。 My first commercial program was BITLOK. It attracted attention among encryption tools and became popular with programmers and developers. Priced above RMB 2,000, it sold well. We upgraded it over several generations and sold it for six or seven years, earning substantial money.
第一次干，就大获成功，多少有点小激动。我自己还是非常清楚，如果不是和王全国一起干，多半没戏。大家想想，当时我大二，不到20岁，王全国已经留校当老师，他的成熟度、经验和资源都远超过了我。所以，一个人能力再强，也是有限的；找互补的朋友一块干，更容易成功。 Success on my first attempt was exciting, but I knew it depended on Wang. I was a second-year student under twenty; he was already a teacher with far greater maturity, experience, and resources. However capable one person is, that ability is limited. Success is easier with complementary partners.
我和王全国成了一辈子的朋友。30年后，我们两个老男人，还特意拍了张背靠背的 Kappa 照，来纪念我们第一次的合作。 Wang and I became lifelong friends. Thirty years later, we took a back-to-back Kappa-style photograph to commemorate our first collaboration.
2.2 第一次创业 2.2 My First Startup
到了1990年8月，大三暑假，在武汉电子一条街上“混”了一年多后，我也算小有名气。 By August 1990, after more than a year on Wuhan's electronics street, I had gained a modest reputation.
有位学长拉我一起创业，我答应得非常爽快，而且特别兴奋，终于有机会大展宏图了！ An older student invited me to start a business. I eagerly agreed, thrilled to have a chance to realize my ambitions.
我们在宾馆里租了一个房间，房号103，公司取名叫“三色”。我们4个创始人，大家都是朋友，也不好意思谈股份，于是平分了，每人25%。 We rented room 103 in a hotel and named the company Sansè. The four founders were friends and felt awkward discussing equity, so we divided it equally: 25 percent each.
大家都渴望干番大事业。每天忙得热火朝天，经常一干就是一通宵。但一个很要命的问题马上来了：谁说了算？ Everyone wanted to accomplish something great. We worked furiously, often all night. But a fatal question soon appeared: who was in charge?
凡事几个人商量，效率很低，而且意见不一致，经常扯皮。我们决定正式选一个董事长来决策。短短几个月，我们改选了好几回。结果，大家都轮流当了一遍。就我一个人没当过，主要因为年轻太小，压不住场。有个同学还保留了我当时的名片，前段时间拿给我看，职务是技术主管。 Discussing everything among four people was inefficient and produced constant arguments. We elected a chairman to decide, but held several elections within months. Everyone took a turn except me; I was too young to command authority. A classmate recently showed me my old card: technical director.
从卖电脑，到写软件，再到打字复印业务等……为了伟大梦想，我们不怕辛苦，啥生意都做。 We sold computers, wrote software, offered typing and copying, and did any business available in pursuit of our dream.
现实很残酷，开头还赚了点小钱，随着业务越来越多，赚钱越来越难。 Reality was harsh. We made a little money initially, but as the business expanded, profits became harder to earn.
我在学校上晚自习时，经常被其他董事拉出去开会。几个董事都没啥经验，自然也商量不出什么好的办法。 During evening study, the other directors often pulled me out for meetings. None of us had experience, so naturally we found no good solutions.
再后来，公司发不出工资，饭都要吃不上了，这个过程非常煎熬。 Eventually, we could not pay salaries or even afford food. It was agonizing.
有位董事吹牛，说他做生意不行，打麻将还行。我们就派他跟食堂师傅们打麻将，打了几次，还真赢了好多饭菜票，公司靠这个又撑了一段时间。后来，赢得实在太多，师傅们也不跟他玩了。 One director boasted that although he was bad at business, he was good at mahjong. We sent him to play with the cafeteria cooks, and he won many meal tickets, sustaining us for a while. Eventually he won so many that they stopped playing.
最后，公司终于熬不下去了，连散伙饭都没吃，就关门清算了。我记得，我分了一台286电脑，抱着电脑就回了学校。 The company finally collapsed. Without even a farewell meal, we liquidated it. I received a 286 computer and carried it back to campus.
第二天早上，走在校园里，感觉阳光灿烂，终于不用瞎折腾了。 Walking across campus the next morning, the sunshine seemed brilliant. At last, the chaos was over.
我的第一次创业就这样结束了。我回来复盘了很多次，我们在商业上太幼稚了，完全没经验，比如我们创业，既没有说明白谁牵头，也没有搞明白做什么业务，碰到什么做什么，稀里糊涂就开始了。 That ended my first startup. Repeated reviews showed how commercially naive and inexperienced we were. We never established a leader or decided what business to pursue; we simply did whatever appeared and began in confusion.
三色的失败，给我浇了一盆冷水，让我彻底清醒了。办公司太不容易了，光有技术是不够的，还有太多东西要学，尤其是商业方面的基本功。 Sansè's failure was a bucket of cold water that awakened me. Building a company was extraordinarily hard. Technology alone was insufficient; I had much to learn, especially business fundamentals.
多年后，我见过一个大学生创业团队，四个股东，每人25%。我一看他们的名片，个个都是董事长。好家伙，四个董事长，我愣住了，问他们：你们到底谁负责？他们跟我说，他们都是同学，凡事商量着来。 Years later, I met a student startup with four equal shareholders. Every business card said chairman. Four chairmen! I asked who was actually responsible, and they said they were classmates who discussed everything together.
那一瞬间，我彷佛看到了当年的我，当年的三色，我估计他们创业不会太顺，只能祝他们好运！ I suddenly saw my younger self and Sansè. I doubted their journey would be smooth and could only wish them luck.
2.3 创业与成长 2.3 Entrepreneurship and Growth
大学毕业后，求伯君拉我加入金山。时间过得很快，今年已经是金山创办35周年。金山是我真正成长的地方，有两位大哥求伯君和张旋龙，还有邹涛、章庆元、郭炜炜等一群兄弟，我们一起走了很多年。 After graduation, Qiu Bojun invited me to Kingsoft. This year marks Kingsoft's thirty-fifth anniversary. It was where I truly grew, alongside my elder colleagues Qiu Bojun and Zhang Xuanlong and brothers including Zou Tao, Zhang Qingyuan, and Guo Weiwei.
在金山内部，有句话我们经常讲，一个人可能走得更快，但一群人走，才能走得更远。这就是金山35年最重要的经验。 At Kingsoft, we often say that one person may go faster, but only a group can go farther. That is the most important lesson from its thirty-five years.
2010年4月，我再次出发，怀揣年轻时候的梦想，和一群伙伴创办了小米。小米的故事，我就不讲了。 In April 2010, I set out again. Carrying my youthful dream, I founded Xiaomi with a group of partners. I will not repeat Xiaomi's story here.
回望我自己过去三十多年的创业之旅，就是不断追寻梦想并不断成长的过程。 Looking back on more than thirty years of entrepreneurship, my journey has been one of continually pursuing dreams and growing.
03 03
高端探索 The Pursuit of the Premium Market
谈到成长，过去三年高端探索之路，是近十年来我最痛苦、也是收获最大的一次。 Speaking of growth, our pursuit of the premium market over the past three years has been my most painful yet rewarding experience of the last decade.
小米的高端探索，从小米10开始。 Xiaomi's premium journey began with Mi 10.
刚开始很顺，首战告捷，但紧接着，小米11 就遭遇重大挫折。大家憋了一口气，花很大力气做小米12，但还是不达预期。大家没想到做高端这么难，更没想到投入这么大，沮丧的情绪在公司里弥漫开来。 It started smoothly, but Mi 11 suffered a major setback. We worked extremely hard on Mi 12, yet it still fell short. No one expected premium products to be so difficult or require such investment. Discouragement spread through the company.
3.1 小米史上最激烈的争论 3.1 The Fiercest Debate in Xiaomi's History
我找大家聊了很长时间，很多人的观点非常尖锐，让我都特别意外。 I spoke with everyone at length. Many views were so blunt that they surprised me.
有人说，做高端实在太难了，我们能不能不做？ Some asked whether, since premium products were so difficult, we could stop making them.
还有人说，小米品牌形象已经固化，能做成高端吗？我们要不换个新品牌？ Others said Xiaomi's brand image was fixed. Could it become premium, or should we create another brand?
那是去年春节放假前。我一直以为大家都支持做高端，真没想到有这么大分歧。聊完后，我心情非常沉重，焦虑得连年都没过好。 This was before last year's Spring Festival. I had assumed everyone supported the premium strategy and never imagined such disagreement. I felt heavy and anxious throughout the holiday.
春节后上班的第一天，我紧急召集了一次讨论会。这就是小米历史上规模最大的专项战略讨论会，所有部门的总经理都参加了。 On the first working day afterward, I urgently convened the largest special strategy meeting in Xiaomi's history, attended by every department's general manager.
我鼓励大家畅所欲言，放开了说。也许刚过完年，气氛非常融洽，但争论非常激烈，从中午开到晚上。我反复说服大家：我们创业的梦想就是把小米做成全球知名的科技品牌。无论多难，我们一定要坚持使用小米品牌做高端。 I encouraged open discussion. The mood was friendly after the holiday, but debate raged from noon until evening. I repeatedly argued that our founding dream was to make Xiaomi a globally renowned technology brand. However difficult it was, we had to use the Xiaomi name for premium products.
还有，消费电子行业，竞争极其激烈，只有做高端，才能倒逼我们在技术上寻求突破，赢得未来生存和发展的空间。 Consumer electronics is fiercely competitive. Only premium products can force technological breakthroughs and secure room for future survival and development.
最后，大家终于达成了共识，高端是我们发展的必由之路，更是生死之战！不能有任何动摇，必须死磕到底！我们正式把“高端化”定为集团战略！ We finally agreed that moving upmarket was essential to development and a battle for survival. We could not waver and had to persevere. Premiumization formally became a group strategy.
3.2 影像探索 3.2 Exploring Imaging
我举影像的例子，给大家讲讲我们探索的过程。 Let me use imaging to explain our exploration.
我们对影像一直都非常重视，2017年就设立了单独的相机部。 We have always valued imaging and established a separate camera department in 2017.
友商一直采用 DXO评测的排名来展示影像的效果和技术实力。当时，我们投入很大，心气也很高，目标简单粗暴：超越友商，DXO全球第一！ Competitors used DXO rankings to demonstrate imaging quality and technical strength. We invested heavily and set a simple, aggressive goal: surpass them and rank first worldwide on DXO.
我们吹响了冲锋号。 We sounded the charge.
在DXO评测中，我们首先进入前三，接着第二，然后做到了并列第一。为了夺取DXO第一，我们团队接着又花了两年多时间准备了小米11 Ultra，传感器是我们专门定制的，参数全部拉满，调校也下了巨大功夫。 We entered the top three, then ranked second, then tied for first. To take sole possession of first place, the team spent over two more years preparing Mi 11 Ultra, with a custom sensor, maximum specifications, and intensive tuning.
发布前一天，我们终于收到通知：DXO评分，全球第一！ The day before launch, we received the news: number one worldwide on DXO.
相机部沸腾了，这是大家期待已久的巨大成功。同事们有多激动呢？经过多年的奋斗，终于得偿所愿！都等不及产品的正式发布，当天晚上就举办了盛大的庆功宴。 The camera department erupted. After years of effort, the long-awaited success had arrived. Unable to wait for the formal launch, they held a grand celebration that evening.
小米科技园也亮起了 DXO第一。我们都沉浸在成功的快乐之中。 Xiaomi Science and Technology Park lit up with the words "DXO No. 1." We were immersed in joy.
结果，谁没想到，产品首发第一天，就被用户疯狂吐槽。这么牛的影像，“DXO全球第一”，为啥用户还不满意呢？大家都有些懵了。经过痛苦的反思，大家彻底明白了，参数到顶、DXO全球第一，并不代表拍照好，更不代表用户满意。 Yet users fiercely criticized the product on its first day. With such powerful imaging and a global number-one DXO rating, why were they dissatisfied? Painful reflection taught us that maximum specifications and rankings did not necessarily mean good photographs or satisfied users.
怎么才能拍出用户满意的好照片？我大学时候的经验告诉我，找个懂的人问问。 How could we make photographs users loved? My university experience suggested asking someone who understood.
3.3 小米和徕卡合作 3.3 Xiaomi's Partnership with Leica
我提议找徕卡聊聊。 I proposed speaking with Leica.
同事们告诉我，徕卡已经找过我们两次，被我们不同团队拒绝了。 Colleagues told me Leica had approached us twice and been rejected by different teams.
啊？被我们拒绝了，还拒绝了两次？ What? We had rejected them twice?
我仔细了解了一下事情的来龙去脉，不是我们狂妄，而是同事们真的非常纠结：徕卡和其他品牌合作了五年，做得也挺好，我们能超越吗？如果不能超越，会不会成为行业笑话？ After investigating, I learned it was not arrogance. Colleagues were conflicted: Leica had worked successfully with another brand for five years. Could we surpass that? If not, would we become an industry joke?
我的观点不同，我认为，只要徕卡是这个世界上最好的老师，只要我们用心学，我们的能力就一定会成长！我还专门问了很多摄影师，每个人都说，徕卡是影像界的传奇，地位和实力都是顶级的。 I disagreed. If Leica was the world's best teacher and we studied earnestly, our ability would certainly grow. Every photographer I asked called Leica a legend with unmatched standing and expertise.
我们下定决心，正式和徕卡签约！ We resolved to sign formally with Leica.
3.4 摄影班 3.4 Photography Classes
签约后的第一件大事，你可能想不到：办班！办摄影班！ Our first major step after signing was unexpected: we opened photography classes.
因为我深知，只有懂摄影、爱摄影，才能真正做好影像。我们正式请徕卡到小米科技园来办摄影班，我逼着核心团队成员全部来上课。 I knew that only by understanding and loving photography could we truly master imaging. We invited Leica to teach at Xiaomi Science and Technology Park and required every core team member to attend.
迄今为止，我们已经办了六期徕卡大师课。这次，我上课特别认真，上大学都没有那么认真，一节课都没缺过，因为我是班长，不好意思请假。这门课上起来，挺不容易的。平时大家都特别忙，到了周末，还要上课；上课也就罢了，关键是还要交作业。 We have now held six Leica master classes. I studied more seriously than at university and missed none, partly because I was class monitor and embarrassed to request leave. It was demanding: everyone was busy, yet weekends brought classes and, worse, homework.
每次作业都把人整疯了。有一次赶作业，我一大早就跑到小米科技园的星巴克里，拍同事。不少同事不知道我要干嘛，咖啡没喝完，就全跑了。 Every assignment drove us crazy. Once, rushing to finish, I went to the campus Starbucks early to photograph colleagues. Many had no idea what I was doing and fled before finishing their coffee.
摄影文化的种子一旦种下，很快就生根发芽。公司内部，大家组织了各种形式的摄影培训和员工影展，同学们参与的热情都特别高。 Once planted, photography culture quickly took root. The company organized training and employee exhibitions, and participation was enthusiastic.
而且，我们还交了很多专业摄影师朋友。在长城上，还办了一次规模盛大的摄影展，大家看看。 We also befriended many professional photographers and held a major exhibition on the Great Wall. Take a look.
3.5 徕卡双画质和摄影套装 3.5 Two Leica Looks and the Photography Kit
随着我们对摄影文化的了解，加上徕卡的合作，我们坚定选择了人文影像的方向。并下定决心，在手机上做出原汁原味的徕卡影像。 As our understanding grew through Leica, we firmly chose humanistic photography and resolved to create an authentic Leica look on phones.
这个决心并不好下。目前手机上的主流风格，色彩偏鲜艳，虽然有点假，但第一眼确实好看。徕卡影调，很有人文感，乍一看，不那么讨喜。万一大众用户不认可，怎么办呢？ This was difficult. Mainstream phone images use vivid colors that look attractive at first glance despite being somewhat artificial. Leica's humanistic tones are less immediately flattering. What if ordinary users rejected them?
我们和徕卡反复商量，最后，我们建议：在做好经典徕卡影调的基础上，再为大众用户设计一套“徕卡生动”。徕卡非常惊讶，小米居然有这样的决心，愿意花两倍的研发投入来做好一部手机的影像，他们欣然接受了。 After repeated discussion, we proposed preserving the classic Leica look while adding "Leica Vibrant" for mainstream users. Leica was surprised that Xiaomi would double its development investment for one phone's imaging and gladly agreed.
徕卡双画质，就这样诞生了。 Thus the two Leica photographic styles were born.
首款搭载徕卡双画质的手机，小米12S Ultra，发布后效果相当好，大众用户喜欢，摄影师也特别喜欢！ The first phone with both, Xiaomi 12S Ultra, performed extremely well after launch and was loved by ordinary users and photographers alike.
我记得，一个摄影师朋友，看样片的第一眼，就竖起了大拇指，他真的没想到手机可以拍出这样的质感，说“这款手机太牛了，这真徕卡！”。后来，我们干脆把这句话做成了海报上的广告词。 One photographer immediately raised his thumb after seeing samples. He never imagined a phone could create such texture and said, "This phone is incredible. This is real Leica." We made the line an advertisement.
还有一个小故事，关于摄影套装的。 There is another story about the photography kit.
这个产品特别火，首发优惠价799元，被网上黄牛炒到1400元。这么火的产品，立项的时候，居然被我拍死了两次。认真学习摄影之后，我才真正懂了摄影爱好者的想法，第三次立项，毫不犹豫就支持了。同一个产品，认知转变后，决策完全不同。 It became so popular that scalpers raised its RMB 799 launch price to RMB 1,400. Yet I had killed the project twice. Only after studying photography did I understand enthusiasts and support its third proposal immediately. The same product produced a completely different decision after my understanding changed.
这里，我要特别感谢一下，小米产品团队的坚持！事实证明，你们是对的！ I especially thank Xiaomi's product team for persisting. You were right.
两代 Ultra 产品的发布，让小米影像在大众用户和专业摄影圈层，都有了很好的口碑。 Two generations of Ultra products earned Xiaomi imaging an excellent reputation among both consumers and professional photographers.
3.6 小米13 3.6 Xiaomi 13
这样的探索与改变，正发生在小米的方方面面。 This exploration and change is happening throughout Xiaomi.
就是这样，我们对高端的理解在逐步增强，高端产品的表现也越来越好。 Our understanding of premium products steadily deepened, and their performance kept improving.
小米13 口碑和销量都非常不错，但研发过程中两次差点夭折，我给大家说说背后的故事。 Xiaomi 13 won excellent reviews and sales, but nearly died twice during development. Let me tell you the story.
第一次是在立项会上。 The first time was at the project approval meeting.
小米12 和 12S 连续两代不达预期，亏损非常严重，小米13 要不要继续做小屏，争论非常激烈，一半以上的同学都反对。 After Xiaomi 12 and 12S both missed expectations and suffered serious losses, debate raged over whether Xiaomi 13 should remain compact. More than half opposed it.
做小屏旗舰的确特别难。用户要的不仅仅是小尺寸手感，还必须是一款没有短板、没有阉割的全能旗舰。要在小尺寸机身里，塞进全能旗舰的所有功能，达到全能旗舰的体验，这对研发来说是一个巨大的挑战。更难的是，就算你做到了，成本也很高，用户未必买单，因为小尺寸手机看起来就不如大屏手机显值钱。 A compact flagship is extremely difficult. Users want not merely comfortable size but a complete flagship with no compromises. Fitting every capability and experience into a small body is an enormous engineering challenge. Even if achieved, costs are high and users may not pay, because small phones appear less valuable than large ones.
我理解大家的各种纠结，但我依然认为：手感是最重要的用户体验，虽然不在参数表上，也很难说清楚好在哪里，但用户一上手，就能立刻体会到。 I understood these concerns but believed feel-in-the-hand was the most important user experience. It cannot appear on a specification sheet and is hard to explain, but users understand instantly when holding the product.
这次立项，勉强通过了。 The project narrowly passed.
我们研发团队背水一战，迸发了超强战斗力。在去年疫情期间，大家为了不耽误进度，吃住在办公室，过上了“军训”式的集体生活。 Our development team fought with its back to the wall. During last year's pandemic, members lived and ate in the office to maintain progress, like a collective military camp.
不负众望，小米13 做得极其出色，很多体验甚至大幅度超越了 iPhone。 They delivered. Xiaomi 13 was exceptional, with many experiences far surpassing the iPhone.
第二次差点夭折是在产品上市前夕的定货会上。 It nearly died a second time at the ordering meeting before launch.
哪怕小米13 体验如此出色，同事们还是信心不足。前两代我们损失惨重，大家有点怕了，假如这一代再输，又亏几亿，甚至十几亿，我们扛得住吗？还有，同行在这个价位都是大屏，参数看起来很猛，我们真的打得过吗？ Despite its excellence, colleagues lacked confidence. The previous two generations caused heavy losses. Could we withstand losing hundreds of millions or even more than a billion yuan again? Competitors at this price used large screens and impressive specifications. Could we really win?
讨论会上，气氛比第一次还要压抑。这个时候，我也不能乱拍板，只能找大家做工作，反复说服：做高端一定要有耐心，用户认可需要一个过程！而且，这个过程的确比我们想象得长。还有，目前的市场是高度同质化竞争，用户需要一款独特的产品。大家看到我这么坚持，最后就同意了。 The meeting was even more oppressive. I could not decide recklessly, so I repeatedly persuaded everyone: succeeding at the high end requires patience, and user acceptance takes time, indeed longer than expected. The market was also highly homogeneous, and users needed something distinctive. Seeing my persistence, everyone finally agreed.
命途多舛的小屏旗舰，小米13，终于面世了。 After its troubled journey, the compact flagship Xiaomi 13 finally arrived.
有米粉开玩笑说，“小米旗舰，买双不买单”，他们一定等小米14，坚决不买小米13。这个玩笑，让我们脆弱的神经又吓了一跳！ Mi Fans joked, "Buy even-numbered Xiaomi flagships, never odd ones." They would wait for Xiaomi 14 and refuse Xiaomi 13. The joke startled our already fragile nerves.
结果呢？谁也没想到，口碑和销量双丰收！米粉朋友们都说，这是小米的“十三香”。 But the result surprised everyone: both reputation and sales flourished. Mi Fans called it Xiaomi's "fragrant thirteen."
我们连续做了三代小屏旗舰，巨大的决心、投入和耐心，才收获了今天小米13的成功。这个成功实属不易，小米13 成了我们“从参数领先到体验优先”的代表作。 Only after three generations of compact flagships and immense determination, investment, and patience did Xiaomi 13 succeed. It became our signature move from leading specifications to prioritizing experience.
这次，大家从心底里彻底认同了“体验优先”。 This time, everyone sincerely embraced "experience first."
这就是我们总结的高端产品设计三原则：“高端无短板，从参数领先到体验优先，软硬件深度融合”。 We summarized three principles for premium product design: no weaknesses; move from leading specifications to experience first; and deeply integrate hardware and software.
有了这样的认知，有了这样的共识，我相信，未来的产品一定会更好！ With this understanding and consensus, I believe future products will be even better.
3.7 认知与成长 3.7 Understanding and Growth
小米高端探索之路，三年多时间，上百亿的投入，几万人的共同努力，历经跌宕起伏，终于迎来了阶段性的突破。在这场高端战役中，哪怕任何一点微小的成功，都非常不容易，背后都是认知的改变和突破。 Xiaomi's premium journey took over three years, tens of billions of yuan, and the combined effort of tens of thousands of people. After many twists and turns, we achieved a phased breakthrough. Every small success in this battle was hard won and rested on a change and breakthrough in understanding.
只有认知突破，才能带来真正的成长。这就是近十年来我最大的收获。 Only breakthroughs in understanding bring genuine growth. That is my greatest lesson of the past decade.
04 04
人因梦想而伟大 People Become Great Through Dreams
又因坚持梦想而成长 And Grow by Persisting in Them
今天，跟大家分享的，就是我经历过的几次关键成长： Today I have shared several pivotal moments of growth:
在武大的求学生涯，让我建立了梦想，并学会了把梦想拆解成一个又一个的目标。在金山的创业历程，让我完成了从程序员到管理者的蜕变。创办小米，一个改变中国制造业的愿景，一个创新的商业模式，让我的梦想开始逐步走进现实。 At Wuhan University, I formed a dream and learned to divide it into goals. At Kingsoft, I transformed from programmer to manager. By founding Xiaomi around a vision of changing Chinese manufacturing and an innovative business model, I began turning my dream into reality.
每一段经历，每一次蜕变，都是一次认知的突破，更是一次关键的成长。 Every experience and transformation was a breakthrough in understanding and a pivotal step in growth.
最近几年，不少人都感到非常焦虑，非常迷茫。 In recent years, many people have felt anxious and lost.
在时代变迁的洪流中，如何获得内心的平静呢？ Amid the torrent of changing times, how can we find inner peace?
我的答案是：成长。 My answer is growth.
只有脚踏实地的成长，才有足够的自信、勇气与决心，去迎接所有未知的挑战； Only steady, grounded growth gives us the confidence, courage, and resolve to meet every unknown challenge.
也只有脚踏实地的成长，才能让自己内心充实，眼里有光，时时刻刻充满力量！ Only steady, grounded growth can fill our hearts, put light in our eyes, and keep us strong at every moment.
人生是一场马拉松，一时一刻的成败得失，都不那么重要。 Life is a marathon. Successes and failures at any single moment matter less than we think.
所有的人生难题，你都将在成长中找到答案。 You will find answers to all of life's difficult questions through growth.
人因梦想而伟大，又因坚持梦想而成长。 People become great through dreams and grow by persisting in them.
朋友们，愿你历经岁月洗礼，梦想依旧熠熠生辉。 My friends, may your dreams still shine brightly after the passage of time.
朋友们，不管你今天的梦想是什么，我都真诚地祝福你，祝你梦想成真，祝你拥有一个快乐而充实的人生。 Whatever your dream is today, I sincerely wish that it comes true and that you enjoy a happy and fulfilling life.