To Graça Machel and the Mandela family; to President Zuma and members of the government; to heads of states and government, past and present; distinguished guests -- it is a singular honor to be with you today, to celebrate a life like no other. To the people of South Africa -- people of every race and walk of life -- the world thanks you for sharing Nelson Mandela with us. His struggle was your struggle. His triumph was your triumph. Your dignity and your hope found expression in his life. And your freedom, your democracy is his cherished legacy. 致格拉萨·马谢尔和曼德拉家人；致祖马总统及政府成员；致历任各国国家元首和政府首脑；各位尊贵的来宾，今天能与大家一道庆祝这样一位独一无二的人物的一生，我深感荣幸。致南非人民，致各个种族、各行各业的人民，全世界感谢你们与我们分享纳尔逊·曼德拉。他的斗争就是你们的斗争；他的胜利就是你们的胜利。你们的尊严与希望在他的一生中得到体现，而你们的自由和民主，正是他珍视的遗产。
It is hard to eulogize any man -- to capture in words not just the facts and the dates that make a life, but the essential truth of a person -- their private joys and sorrows; the quiet moments and unique qualities that illuminate someone’s soul. How much harder to do so for a giant of history, who moved a nation toward justice, and in the process moved billions around the world. 悼念任何人都很困难：要用语言捕捉的不只是构成一生的事实和日期，还有一个人的本质真相，包括他们私密的欢乐与悲伤、照亮灵魂的宁静时刻和独特品质。对于一位推动国家走向正义、并在这一过程中推动全世界数十亿人的历史巨人而言，这就更加困难。
Born during World War I, far from the corridors of power, a boy raised herding cattle and tutored by the elders of his Thembu tribe, Madiba would emerge as the last great liberator of the 20th century. Like Gandhi, he would lead a resistance movement -- a movement that at its start had little prospect for success. Like Dr. King, he would give potent voice to the claims of the oppressed and the moral necessity of racial justice. He would endure a brutal imprisonment that began in the time of Kennedy and Khrushchev, and reached the final days of the Cold War. 曼德拉出生于第一次世界大战时期，远离权力中心；这个牧牛、接受部族长老教导的特姆布族男孩，最终成为20世纪最后一位伟大的解放者。像甘地一样，他领导了一场抵抗运动，而这场运动起初几乎没有成功希望。像金博士一样，他有力地表达了受压迫者的诉求和种族正义的道德必要性。他经受了残酷的监禁，那段岁月始于肯尼迪和赫鲁晓夫时代，终于冷战最后的日子。
Emerging from prison, without the force of arms, he would -- like Abraham Lincoln -- hold his country together when it threatened to break apart. And like America’s Founding Fathers, he would erect a constitutional order to preserve freedom for future generations -- a commitment to democracy and rule of law ratified not only by his election, but by his willingness to step down from power after only one term. 走出监狱后，他没有凭借武力，却像亚伯拉罕·林肯一样，在国家濒临分裂时维系了国家团结。他还像美国的开国元勋一样，建立起保护后代自由的宪政秩序。这份对民主和法治的承诺，不仅由他的当选得到确认，也由他只任一届便愿意交出权力的选择得到确认。
Given the sweep of his life, the scope of his accomplishments, the adoration that he so rightly earned, it’s tempting I think to remember Nelson Mandela as an icon, smiling and serene, detached from the tawdry affairs of lesser men. But Madiba himself strongly resisted such a lifeless portrait. Instead, Madiba insisted on sharing with us his doubts and his fears; his miscalculations along with his victories. "I am not a saint," he said, "unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying." 鉴于他一生的广度、成就的规模以及理应获得的爱戴，我想人们很容易把纳尔逊·曼德拉记作一个微笑而安详的偶像，远离凡夫俗子的琐碎事务。但曼德拉本人强烈拒绝这种没有生命力的画像。相反，他坚持与我们分享自己的疑虑和恐惧，分享胜利，也分享误判。他说：“我不是圣人，除非你认为圣人就是一个不断努力的罪人。”
It was precisely because he could admit to imperfection -- because he could be so full of good humor, even mischief, despite the heavy burdens he carried -- that we loved him so. He was not a bust made of marble; he was a man of flesh and blood -- a son and a husband, a father and a friend. And that’s why we learned so much from him, and that’s why we can learn from him still. For nothing he achieved was inevitable. In the arc of his life, we see a man who earned his place in history through struggle and shrewdness, and persistence and faith. 正因为他能够承认自己的不完美，正因为即使背负沉重责任，他仍充满幽默感，甚至带着顽皮，我们才如此爱他。他不是大理石雕成的半身像，而是有血有肉的人，是儿子、丈夫、父亲和朋友。这正是我们从他身上学到这么多、直到今天仍能向他学习的原因。因为他取得的一切都不是必然的。在他生命的轨迹中，我们看到一个人凭借斗争、睿智、坚持和信念赢得了自己在历史中的位置。
He tells us what is possible not just in the pages of history books, but in our own lives as well. 他告诉我们，可能性不仅存在于历史书的篇页中，也存在于我们自己的生活里。
Mandela showed us the power of action; of taking risks on behalf of our ideals. Perhaps Madiba was right that he inherited, "a proud rebelliousness, a stubborn sense of fairness" from his father. And we know he shared with millions of black and colored South Africans the anger born of, "a thousand slights, a thousand indignities, a thousand unremembered moments…a desire to fight the system that imprisoned my people," he said. 曼德拉向我们展示了行动的力量，展示了为理想承担风险的力量。也许曼德拉说得对：他从父亲那里继承了“骄傲的叛逆精神和顽强的公平感”。我们也知道，他与数百万黑人和彩色人种南非人分享着由“千百次轻视、千百次屈辱、千百个无人记得的时刻……以及为我的人民受囚禁的制度而斗争的愿望”所产生的愤怒，他这样说过。
But like other early giants of the ANC -- the Sisulus and Tambos -- Madiba disciplined his anger and channeled his desire to fight into organization, and platforms, and strategies for action, so men and women could stand up for their God-given dignity. Moreover, he accepted the consequences of his actions, knowing that standing up to powerful interests and injustice carries a price: 但就像非国大早期其他伟大人物西苏鲁和坦博一样，曼德拉约束自己的愤怒，把斗争的愿望转化为组织、纲领和行动策略，让男男女女能够挺身捍卫上帝赋予他们的尊严。此外，他接受自己行动的后果，因为他知道，挺身反抗强大利益和不公正是要付出代价的：
I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I’ve cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and [with] equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.1 “我反对过白人统治，也反对过黑人统治。我珍视这样一个民主而自由的社会理想：所有人和谐共处，享有平等机会。这是我希望为之生活、为之实现的理想。但如有必要，这也是我准备为之献身的理想。”
Mandela taught us the power of action, but he also taught us the power of ideas; the importance of reason and arguments; the need to study not only those who you agree with, but also those who you don’t agree with. He understood that ideas cannot be contained by prison walls, or extinguished by a sniper’s bullet. He turned his trial into an indictment of apartheid because of his eloquence and his passion, but also because of his training as an advocate. He used decades in prison to sharpen his arguments, but also to spread his thirst for knowledge to others in the movement. 曼德拉教会我们行动的力量，也教会我们思想的力量；教会我们理性和论证的重要性；教会我们不仅要研究赞同自己的人，也要研究不赞同自己的人。他明白，思想无法被监狱高墙禁锢，也无法被狙击手的子弹熄灭。他凭借雄辩、激情以及律师训练，把自己的审判变成了对种族隔离制度的控诉。他利用数十年监禁磨砺论证，也把对知识的渴望传给运动中的其他人。
And he learned the language and the customs of his oppressor so that one day he might better convey to them how their own freedom depend upon his. 他还学习压迫者的语言和习俗，以便有一天能更好地向他们说明，他们自己的自由有赖于他的自由。
Mandela demonstrated that action and ideas are not enough. No matter how right, they must be chiseled into law and institutions. He was practical, testing his beliefs against the hard surface of circumstance and history. On core principles he was unyielding, which is why he could rebuff offers of unconditional release, reminding the Apartheid regime that "prisoners cannot enter into contracts." 曼德拉证明，行动和思想还不够。无论理念多么正确，都必须被雕刻进法律和制度。他很务实，用环境和历史的坚硬表面检验自己的信念。在核心原则上，他毫不让步；正因如此，他才会拒绝无条件释放的提议，并提醒种族隔离政权：“囚犯不能订立契约。”
But as he showed in painstaking negotiations to transfer power and draft new laws, he was not afraid to compromise for the sake of a larger goal. And because he was not only a leader of a movement but a skillful politician, the Constitution that emerged was worthy of this multiracial democracy, true to his vision of laws that protect minority as well as majority rights, and the precious freedoms of every South African. 但正如他在移交权力、起草新法律的艰苦谈判中所展示的那样，为了更大的目标，他并不害怕妥协。而且，他不仅是运动的领导者，还是一位老练的政治家，因此形成的宪法配得上这个多种族民主国家，忠实于他的愿景：法律既保护少数人的权利，也保护多数人的权利，并保护每一位南非人的珍贵自由。
And finally, Mandela understood the ties that bind the human spirit. There is a word in South Africa -- Ubuntu -- a word that captures Mandela’s greatest gift: his recognition that we are all bound together in ways that are invisible to the eye; that there is a oneness to humanity; that we achieve ourselves by sharing ourselves with others, and caring for those around us. 最后，曼德拉理解维系人类精神的纽带。南非有一个词——乌班图——它概括了曼德拉最伟大的馈赠：他认识到，我们以肉眼看不见的方式彼此相连；人类拥有一种合一性；我们通过与他人分享自己、关怀身边的人，成就真正的自我。
We can never know how much of this sense was innate in him, or how much was shaped in a dark and solitary cell. But we remember the gestures, large and small -- introducing his jailers as honored guests at his inauguration; taking a pitch in a Springbok uniform; turning his family’s heartbreak into a call to confront HIV/AIDS -- that revealed the depth of his empathy and his understanding. He not only embodied Ubuntu, he taught millions to find that truth within themselves. 我们永远无法知道，这种感受有多少是他与生俱来的，又有多少是在黑暗而孤独的牢房中塑造的。但我们记得那些大小举动：在就职仪式上把狱警介绍为尊贵的宾客；穿着跳羚队球衣投出一个球；把家庭遭遇艾滋病的心碎转化为直面艾滋病毒和艾滋病的号召。这些举动揭示了他的同理心之深和理解力之强。他不仅体现了乌班图，也教会数百万人在自己心中找到这种真理。
It took a man like Madiba to free not just the prisoner, but the jailer as well -- to show that you must trust others so that they may trust you; to teach that reconciliation is not a matter of ignoring a cruel past, but a means of confronting it with inclusion and generosity and truth. He changed laws, but he also changed hearts. 只有曼德拉这样的人，才能不仅解放囚犯，也解放狱卒；才能展示你必须信任他人，才能让他人信任你；才能教导人们，和解不是假装残酷的过去不存在，而是以包容、慷慨和真相直面过去的方式。他改变了法律，也改变了人心。
For the people of South Africa, for those he inspired around the globe, Madiba’s passing is rightly a time of mourning, and a time to celebrate a heroic life. But I believe it should also prompt in each of us a time for self-reflection. With honesty, regardless of our station or our circumstance, we must ask: How well have I applied his lessons in my own life? It’s a question I ask myself, as a man and as a President. 对南非人民、对他在世界各地激励的人来说，曼德拉的离世理应是哀悼的时刻，也是庆祝英雄一生的时刻。但我相信，它也应促使我们每个人进行自我反思。无论身处何种地位、面对何种处境，我们都必须诚实地问自己：我在自己的生活中运用了他的教诲多少？这是我作为一个人、作为一名总统都会问自己的问题。
We know that, like South Africa, the United States had to overcome centuries of racial subjugation. As was true here, it took sacrifice -- the sacrifice of countless people, known and unknown, to see the dawn of a new day. Michelle and I are beneficiaries of that struggle. But in America, and in South Africa, and in countries all around the globe, we cannot allow our progress to cloud the fact that our work is not yet done. 我们知道，和南非一样，美国也必须克服数百年的种族压迫。正如这里一样，那需要牺牲，需要无数知名或无名的人作出牺牲，才能迎来新一天的曙光。米歇尔和我都是这场斗争的受益者。但在美国、南非以及世界各地，我们不能让进步遮蔽一个事实：我们的工作尚未完成。
The struggles that follow the victory of formal equality or universal franchise may not be as filled with drama and moral clarity as those that came before, but they are no less important. For around the world today, we still see children suffering from hunger and disease. We still see run-down schools. We still see young people without prospects for the future. Around the world today, men and women are still imprisoned for their political beliefs, and are still persecuted for what they look like, and how they worship, and who they love. That is happening today. 在取得形式平等或普选权之后出现的斗争，也许不像此前的斗争那样充满戏剧性和道德清晰度，但同样重要。今天在世界各地，我们仍看到儿童遭受饥饿和疾病；仍看到破败的学校；仍看到年轻人没有未来的希望。今天在世界各地，男女仍因政治信念被监禁，仍因外貌、崇拜方式和所爱之人而遭受迫害。这些事情正在发生。
And so we, too, must act on behalf of justice. We, too, must act on behalf of peace. There are too many people who happily embrace Madiba’s legacy of racial reconciliation, but passionately resist even modest reforms that would challenge chronic poverty and growing inequality. There are too many leaders who claim solidarity with Madiba’s struggle for freedom, but do not tolerate dissent from their own people. And there are too many of us on the sidelines, comfortable in complacency or cynicism when our voices must be heard. 因此，我们也必须为正义而行动；我们也必须为和平而行动。有太多人乐于拥抱曼德拉种族和解的遗产，却强烈抵制任何会挑战长期贫困和日益加剧不平等的温和改革。有太多领导人声称支持曼德拉为自由而奋斗的事业，却不容忍自己人民的异议。我们中也有太多人置身事外，在本应发出声音时满足于自满或犬儒主义。
The questions we face today -- how to promote equality and justice; how to uphold freedom and human rights; how to end conflict and sectarian war -- these things do not have easy answers. But there were no easy answers in front of that child born in World War I. Nelson Mandela reminds us that it always seems impossible until it is done. South Africa shows that is true. South Africa shows we can change, that we can choose a world defined not by our differences, but by our common hopes. We can choose a world defined not by conflict, but by peace and justice and opportunity. 我们今天面对的问题——如何促进平等与正义，如何维护自由和人权，如何终结冲突与宗派战争——没有简单答案。但那个出生于第一次世界大战时期的孩子面前，也没有简单答案。纳尔逊·曼德拉提醒我们，一件事在完成之前总显得不可能。南非证明这是真的。南非证明我们能够改变，能够选择一个由共同希望而非差异定义的世界。我们能够选择一个由和平、正义和机会而非冲突定义的世界。
We will never see the likes of Nelson Mandela again. But let me say to the young people of Africa and the young people around the world -- you, too, can make his life’s work your own. Over 30 years ago, while still a student, I learned of Nelson Mandela and the struggles taking place in this beautiful land, and it stirred something in me. It woke me up to my responsibilities to others and to myself, and it set me on an improbable journey that finds me here today. And while I will always fall short of Madiba’s example, he makes me want to be a better man. He speaks to what’s best inside us. 我们再也不会看到像纳尔逊·曼德拉这样的人。但我要对非洲的年轻人和全世界的年轻人说：你们也可以把他一生的事业化为自己的事业。三十多年前，我还是学生时了解到纳尔逊·曼德拉以及这片美丽土地上发生的斗争，那在我心中激起了某种东西。它唤醒了我对他人和对自己的责任，也让我踏上一段不太可能的旅程，最终让我今天站在这里。虽然我永远无法达到曼德拉的榜样高度，但他让我想成为一个更好的人。他触及我们内心最美好的部分。
After this great liberator is laid to rest, and when we have returned to our cities and villages and rejoined our daily routines, let us search for his strength. Let us search for his largeness of spirit somewhere inside of ourselves. And when the night grows dark, when injustice weighs heavy on our hearts, when our best-laid plans seem beyond our reach, let us think of Madiba and the words that brought him comfort within the four walls of his cell: "It matters not how strait the gate, how charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul." 这位伟大的解放者安息之后，当我们回到城市和村庄、重新投入日常生活，让我们在自己心中寻找他的力量，寻找他宽广的胸襟。当夜色变深、不公正沉重地压在心头、我们精心制定的计划似乎遥不可及时，让我们想起曼德拉，想起那几句在牢房四壁之间给他带来慰藉的话：“门虽窄，惩罚的卷轴虽重，我是命运的主人，我是灵魂的船长。”
What a magnificent soul it was. We will miss him deeply. May God bless the memory of Nelson Mandela. May God bless the people of South Africa. 这是多么伟大的灵魂。我们会深深思念他。愿上帝保佑纳尔逊·曼德拉的记忆，愿上帝保佑南非人民。