Good morning, everybody. I wanted to say a few words on two of the cases the Supreme Court spoke on today. 各位早上好。我想就今天最高法院裁决的两起案件说几句话。
First, in the affirmative action case, I'm pleased that the Supreme Court upheld the basic notion that diversity is an important value in our society, and that this country should provide a high-quality education to all our young people, regardless of their background. We are not a country that guarantees equal outcomes, but we do strive to provide an equal shot to everybody. And that's what was upheld today. 首先，关于平权行动案，我很高兴最高法院维持了一个基本理念，即多元是我们社会的重要价值，这个国家应该为所有年轻人提供高质量的教育，无论他们的背景如何。我们不是一个保证平等结果的国家，但我们确实努力为每个人提供平等的机会。这正是今天的裁决所维护的。
Second, one of the reasons why America is such a diverse and inclusive nation is because we're a nation of immigrants. Our Founders conceived of this country as a refuge for the world. And for more than two centuries, welcoming wave after wave of immigrants has kept us youthful and dynamic and entrepreneurial. It has shaped our character, and it has made us stronger. 其次，美国之所以是一个如此多元包容的国家，原因之一就是我们是一个移民国家。我们的开国元勋将这个国家构想为世界的避难所。两个多世纪以来，一波又一波的移民不断涌入，使我们保持年轻、充满活力和创业精神。这塑造了我们的品格，也使我们更加强大。
But for more than two decades now, our immigration system, everybody acknowledges, has been broken. And the fact that the Supreme Court wasn't able to issue a decision today doesn't just set the system back even further, it takes us further from the country that we aspire to be. 但二十多年来，每个人都承认我们的移民系统已经崩坏。而最高法院今天未能作出裁决，这不仅使系统进一步倒退，也让我们离我们渴望成为的国家越来越远。
Just to lay out some basic facts that sometimes get lost in what can be an emotional debate. Since I took office, we've deployed more border agents and technology to our southern border than ever before. That has helped cut illegal border crossings to their lowest levels since the 1970s. It should have paved the way for comprehensive immigration reform. 让我先陈述一些基本事实，这些事实在这场可能情绪化的辩论中有时会被忽视。自我上任以来，我们在南部边境部署了比以往任何时候都更多的边境特工和技术设备。这帮助将非法越境人数降至1970年代以来的最低水平。这本应为全面移民改革铺平道路。
And, in fact, as many of you know, it almost did. Nearly 70 Democrats and Republicans in the Senate came together to pass a smart, common-sense bill that would have doubled the border patrol, and offered undocumented immigrants a pathway to earn citizenship if they paid a fine, paid their taxes, and played by the rules. 事实上，正如你们许多人所知，改革差点就实现了。参议院近70名民主党人和共和党人共同通过了一项明智的、务实的法案，该法案将使边境巡逻队人数翻倍，并为无证移民提供一条通过缴纳罚款、纳税和遵守规则来获得公民身份的途径。
Unfortunately, Republicans in the House of Representatives refused to allow a simple yes or no vote on that bill. So I was left with little choice but to take steps within my existing authority to make our immigration system smarter, fairer, and more just. 不幸的是，众议院共和党人拒绝就该法案进行简单的赞成或反对投票。所以我别无选择，只能在我现有职权范围内采取措施，使我们的移民系统更智能、更公平、更公正。
Four years ago, we announced that those who are our lowest priorities for enforcement -- diligent, patriotic young DREAMers who grew up pledging allegiance to our flag -- should be able to apply to work here and study here and pay their taxes here. More than 730,000 lives have been changed as a result. These are students, they're teachers, they're doctors, they're lawyers. They're Americans in every way but on paper. And fortunately, today's decision does not affect this policy. It does not affect the existing DREAMers. 四年前，我们宣布，那些执法优先级最低的人——勤奋、爱国的年轻追梦人，他们从小就宣誓效忠我们的国旗——应该能够申请在这里工作、学习和纳税。超过73万人的生活因此改变。他们是学生，是教师，是医生，是律师。除了在纸面上，他们在各方面都是美国人。幸运的是，今天的裁决不影响这项政策。它不影响现有的追梦人。
Two years ago, we announced a similar, expanded approach for others who are also low priorities for enforcement. We said that if you've been in America for more than five years, with children who are American citizens or legal residents, then you, too, can come forward, get right with the law, and work in this country temporarily, without fear of deportation. 两年前，我们宣布了一项类似的、范围扩大的措施，适用于其他执法优先级也较低的人。我们说，如果你在美国居住超过五年，且子女是美国公民或合法居民，那么你也可以站出来，通过法律程序，暂时在这个国家工作，而不必担心被驱逐出境。
Both were the kinds of actions taken by Republican and Democratic Presidents over the past half-century. Neither granted anybody a free pass. All they did was focus our enforcement resources -- which are necessarily limited -- on the highest priorities: convicted criminals, recent border crossers, and threats to our national security. 这两种行动都是过去半个世纪以来共和党和民主党总统都采取过的。没有一种行动给予任何人免费通行证。它们所做的只是将我们有限的执法资源集中在最高优先级上：已定罪的罪犯、最近的越境者和对我们国家安全的威胁。
Now, as disappointing as it was to be challenged for taking the kind of actions that other administrations have taken, the country was looking to the Supreme Court to resolve the important legal questions raised in this case. Today, the Supreme Court was unable to reach a decision. This is part of the consequence of the Republican failure so far to give a fair hearing to Mr. Merrick Garland, my nominee to the Supreme Court. 现在，尽管因采取了其他政府也采取过的行动而受到挑战令人失望，但全国人民都在期待最高法院解决此案中提出的重要法律问题。今天，最高法院未能作出裁决。这在一定程度上是共和党人迄今未能公平听取我提名的最高法院大法官梅里克·加兰先生意见的后果。
It means that the expanded set of common-sense deferred action policies -- the ones that I announced two years ago -- can't go forward at this stage, until there is a ninth justice on the Court to break the tie. 这意味着那套扩大的、务实的暂缓遣返政策——也就是我两年前宣布的政策——现阶段无法推进，直到最高法院有第九位大法官来打破僵局。
I know a lot of people are going to be disappointed today, but it is important to understand what today means. The deferred action policy that has been in place for the last four years is not affected by this ruling. Enforcement priorities developed by my administration are not affected by this ruling. 我知道今天很多人会感到失望，但重要的是要理解今天的裁决意味着什么。过去四年一直实施的暂缓遣返政策不受这一裁决的影响。本届政府制定的执法优先级不受这一裁决的影响。
This means that the people who might have benefitted from the expanded deferred action policies -- long-term residents raising children who are Americans or legal residents -- they will remain low priorities for enforcement. As long as you have not committed a crime, our limited immigration enforcement resources are not focused on you. 这意味着那些本可以从扩大的暂缓遣返政策中受益的人——抚养美国公民或合法居民子女的长期居民——仍将是执法的低优先级对象。只要你没有犯罪，我们有限的移民执法资源就不会针对你。
But today's decision is frustrating to those who seek to grow our economy and bring a rationality to our immigration system, and to allow people to come out of the shadows and lift this perpetual cloud on them. I think it is heartbreaking for the millions of immigrants who've made their lives here, who've raised families here, who hoped for the opportunity to work, pay taxes, serve in our military, and more fully contribute to this country we all love in an open way. 但今天的裁决令那些寻求发展我们的经济、使我们的移民系统更加合理、让人们能够走出阴影、摆脱长期笼罩在他们头上的阴云的人感到沮丧。我认为，这对数百万在这里生活、在这里养家糊口、希望有机会工作、纳税、在我们的军队服役，并以开放的方式为我们共同热爱的这个国家做出更充分贡献的移民来说，是令人心碎的。
So where do we go from here? 那么我们接下来该怎么办？
Most Americans -- including business leaders, faith leaders, and law enforcement, Democrats and Republicans and independents -- still agree that the single best way to solve this problem is by working together to pass common-sense, bipartisan immigration reform. 大多数美国人——包括商界领袖、宗教领袖和执法人员，民主党人、共和党人和独立人士——仍然认为解决这个问题的最佳途径是共同努力，通过务实的、两党合作的移民改革。
That is obviously not going to happen during the remainder of this Congress. We don't have is a Congress that agrees with us on this. Nor do we have a Congress that's willing to do even its most basic of jobs under the Constitution, which is to consider nominations. Republicans in Congress currently are willfully preventing the Supreme Court from being fully staffed and functioning as our Founders intended. And today's situation underscores the degree to which the Court is not able to function the way it's supposed to. 这显然不会在本届国会剩余时间内发生。我们没有一个在这个问题上与我们意见一致的国会。我们也没有一个愿意履行宪法规定的最基本职责——即审议提名的国会。国会中的共和党人目前正在蓄意阻止最高法院获得完整的人员配置，阻止其按照我们开国元勋的意图运作。而今天的情况突显了最高法院无法正常运作的程度。
The Court's inability to reach a decision in this case is a very clear reminder of why it's so important for the Supreme Court to have a full bench. For more than 40 years, there's been an average of just over two months between a nomination and a hearing. I nominated Judge Merrick Garland to the Supreme Court more than three months ago. But most Republicans so far refuse to even meet with him. They are allowing partisan politics to jeopardize something as fundamental as the impartiality and integrity of our justice system. And America should not let it stand. 最高法院未能在此案中作出裁决，这非常清楚地提醒我们，为什么最高法院拥有完整的法官席位如此重要。40多年来，从提名到举行听证会的平均时间只有两个多月。我在三个多月前就提名了梅里克·加兰法官进入最高法院。但大多数共和党人至今甚至拒绝与他会面。他们让党派政治危及像我们司法系统的公正性和完整性这样根本的东西。美国不应该对此坐视不管。
This is an election year. And during election years, politicians tend to use the immigration issue to scare people with words like "amnesty" in hopes that it will whip up votes. Keep in mind that millions of us, myself included, go back generations in this country, with ancestors who put in the painstaking effort to become citizens. And we don't like the notion that anyone might get a free pass to American citizenship. 今年是选举年。在选举年，政客们往往会用"大赦"之类的词来吓唬人，利用移民问题煽动选票。请记住，我们中的数百万人，包括我自己，在这个国家都有好几代的祖先，他们付出了艰苦的努力才成为公民。我们不喜欢任何人可能免费获得美国公民身份的想法。
But here's the thing. Millions of people who have come forward and worked to get right with the law under this policy, they've been living here for years, too -- in some cases, even decades. So leaving the broken system the way it is, that's not a solution. In fact, that's the real amnesty. 但事实是。数百万站出来并根据这项政策努力通过法律程序的人，他们也已经在这里生活了很多年——有些甚至是几十年。所以让这个崩坏的系统维持原样，那不是解决方案。事实上，那才是真正的大赦。
Pretending we can deport 11 million people, or build a wall without spending tens of billions of dollars of taxpayer money is abetting what is really just factually incorrect. It's not going to work. It's not good for this country. It's a fantasy that offers nothing to help the middle class, and demeans our tradition of being both a nation of laws and a nation of immigrants. 假装我们可以驱逐1100万人，或者不花费纳税人的数百亿美元就建一堵墙，这是在助长事实上完全错误的说法。这行不通。这对这个国家没有好处。这是一种幻想，对帮助中产阶级毫无助益，而且贬低了我们作为法治国家和移民国家的传统。
In the end, it is my firm belief that immigration is not something to fear. We don't have to wall ourselves off from those who may not look like us right now, or pray like we do, or have a different last name. Because being an American is about something more than that. What makes us Americans is our shared commitment to an ideal that all of us are created equal, all of us have a chance to make of our lives what we will. 归根结底，我坚信移民不是什么值得害怕的事情。我们不必把自己与那些现在可能看起来不像我们、或祈祷方式不同、或姓氏不同的人隔离开来。因为作为美国人，其意义远不止于此。
And every study shows that whether it was the Irish or the Poles, or the Germans, or the Italians, or the Chinese, or the Japanese, or the Mexicans, or the Kenyans -- whoever showed up, over time, by a second generation, third generation, those kids are Americans. They do look like us -- because we don't look one way. We don't all have the same last names, but we all share a creed and we all share a commitment to the values that founded this nation. That's who we are. And that is what I believe most Americans recognize. 让我们成为美国人的，是我们对一种理想的共同承诺——即我们所有人生而平等，我们所有人都有机会创造自己想要的生活。每一项研究都表明，无论是爱尔兰人、波兰人、德国人、意大利人、中国人、日本人、墨西哥人还是肯尼亚人——无论谁来到这里，随着时间的推移，到了第二代、第三代，这些孩子都是美国人。他们看起来确实像我们——因为我们并不只有一种面貌。我们不都有相同的姓氏，但我们都共享一种信念，我们都对建立这个国家的价值观有着共同的承诺。这就是我们。这就是我相信大多数美国人所认同的。
So here's the bottom line. We've got a very real choice that America faces right now. We will continue to implement the existing programs that are already in place. We're not going to be able to move forward with the expanded programs that we wanted to move forward on because the Supreme Court was not able to issue a ruling at this stage. And now we've got a choice about who we're going to be as a country, what we want to teach our kids, and how we want to be represented in Congress and in the White House. 所以底线是。美国现在面临着一个非常现实的选择。我们将继续实施已经到位的现有计划。我们无法推进我们想要推进的扩大计划，因为最高法院现阶段无法作出裁决。现在我们面临一个选择：作为一个国家，我们要成为什么样的国家，我们想教给我们的孩子什么，以及我们希望在国会和白宫看到怎样的代表。
We're going to have to make a decision about whether we are a people who tolerate the hypocrisy of a system where the workers who pick our fruit or make our beds never have the chance to get right with the law -- or whether we're going to give them a chance, just like our forebears had a chance, to take responsibility and give their kids a better future. 我们必须做出决定：我们是一个容忍这种虚伪制度的民族——采摘我们水果或整理我们床铺的工人永远没有机会通过法律程序——还是我们要给他们一个机会，就像我们的祖先曾经有过的机会，让他们承担责任，给他们的孩子一个更好的未来。
We're going to have to decide whether we're a people who accept the cruelty of ripping children from their parents' arms -- or whether we actually value families, and keep them together for the sake of all of our communities. 我们必须决定：我们是一个接受将孩子从父母怀中夺走的残酷行为的民族——还是我们真正重视家庭，为了我们所有社区的利益让家庭团聚。
We're going to have to decide whether we're a people who continue to educate the world's brightest students in our high schools and universities, only to then send them away to compete against us -- or whether we encourage them to stay and create new jobs and new businesses right here in the United States. 我们必须决定：我们是一个继续在我们的高中和大学教育世界上最聪明的学生，然后却把他们送走与我们竞争的民族——还是我们鼓励他们留下来，就在美国创造新的就业机会和新的企业。
These are all the questions that voters now are going to have to ask themselves, and are going to have to answer in November. These are the issues that are going to be debated by candidates across the country -- both congressional candidates as well as the presidential candidates. And in November, Americans are going to have to make a decision about what we care about and who we are. 这些都是选民们现在必须扪心自问的问题，也是他们将在11月给出答案的问题。这些都是全国各地候选人将要辩论的问题——包括国会候选人和总统候选人。而在11月，美国人将不得不做出决定：我们在乎什么，我们是谁。
I promise you this, though -- sooner or later, immigration reform will get done. Congress is not going to be able to ignore America forever. It's not a matter of if, it's a matter of when. And I can say that with confidence because we've seen our history. We get these spasms of politics around immigration and fear-mongering, and then our traditions and our history and our better impulses kick in. That's how we all ended up here. Because I guarantee you, at some point, every one of us has somebody in our background who people didn't want coming here, and yet here we are. 不过我向你们保证——移民改革迟早会实现的。国会不可能永远无视美国人民。这不是会不会的问题，而是什么时候的问题。我可以满怀信心地这么说，因为我们见证过我们的历史。围绕移民和恐惧煽动，我们会经历一阵阵的政治动荡，然后我们的传统、我们的历史和我们更好的冲动会发挥作用。这就是我们今天能站在这里的原因。因为我向你们保证，在某个时刻，我们每个人的家族中都有一些人们不希望他们来这里的人，然而我们今天都在这里。
And that's what's going to happen this time. The question is, do we do it in a smart, rational, sensible way -- or we just keep on kicking the can down the road. I believe that this country deserves an immigration policy that reflects the goodness of the American people. And I think we're going to get that. Hopefully, we're going to get that in November. 这次也会是一样的。问题在于，我们是以一种聪明、理性、明智的方式来做这件事——还是我们继续拖延下去。我相信这个国家应该有一项反映美国人民善良品质的移民政策。我认为我们会实现的。希望我们能在11月实现。
All right. I'll take two questions. Two questions. Go ahead. 好的。我来回答两个问题。两个问题。请说。
Question: Thank you. 记者：谢谢。
President Obama: I'll take two questions. Go ahead. 奥巴马总统：我来回答两个问题。请说。
Question: Thank you. Realistically, what do you see is the risk of deportation for these more than 4 million people? I mean, you say we can't deport 11 million. This is 4 million, and there's a chunk of time here before something else -- 记者：谢谢。实际上，你认为这400多万人被驱逐的风险有多大？我是说，你说我们不能驱逐1100万人。这是400万人，而且在其他事情发生之前还有一段时间——
President Obama: Well, let me just be very clear. What was unaffected by today's ruling -- or lack of a ruling -- is the enforcement priorities that we've put in place. And our enforcement priorities that have been laid out by Secretary Jeh Johnson at the Department of Homeland Security are pretty clear: We prioritize criminals. We prioritize gangbangers. We prioritize folks who have just come in. 奥巴马总统：嗯，让我非常明确地说。今天的裁决——或者说未能作出裁决——没有影响的，是我们制定的执法优先级。国土安全部部长杰伊·约翰逊制定的执法优先级非常明确：我们优先处理罪犯。我们优先处理帮派分子。我们优先处理刚入境的人。
What we don't do is to prioritize people who've been here a long time, who are otherwise law-abiding, who have roots and connections in their communities. And so those enforcement priorities will continue. 我们不优先处理那些已经在这里生活了很长时间、在其他方面遵纪守法、在社区中有根基和联系的人。因此，这些执法优先级将继续存在。
The work that we've done with the DREAM Act kids, those policies remain in place. So what this has prevented us from doing is expanding the scope of what we've done with the DREAM Act kids. Keep in mind, though, that even that was just a temporary measure. All it was doing was basically saying to these kids, you can have confidence that you are not going to be deported, but it does not resolve your ultimate status. That is going to require congressional action. 我们在追梦人法案上所做的工作，那些政策仍然有效。所以这次裁决阻止我们做的，是扩大我们在追梦人法案上所做工作的范围。但请记住，即使是那也只是一项临时措施。它所做的基本上只是告诉这些孩子，你们可以相信自己不会被驱逐，但这并不能解决你们的最终身份问题。那需要国会采取行动。
So, although I'm disappointed by the lack of a decision today by the Supreme Court, a deadlock, this does not substantially change the status quo, and it doesn't negate what has always been the case, which is if we're really going to solve this problem effectively, we've got to have Congress pass a law. 因此，尽管我对最高法院今天未能作出裁决——即陷入僵局——感到失望，但这并没有实质性地改变现状，也没有否定一直以来的事实，即如果我们真的要有效解决这个问题，就必须让国会通过一项法律。
I have pushed to the limits of my executive authority. We now have to have Congress act. And hopefully, we're going to have a vigorous debate during this election -- this is how democracy is supposed to work -- and there will be a determination as to which direction we go in. 我已经将我的行政权力推到了极限。现在我们必须让国会采取行动。希望我们能在这次选举期间进行一场激烈的辩论——这就是民主应该运作的方式——然后将决定我们要朝哪个方向前进。
As I said, over the long term, I'm very confident about the direction this country will go in because we've seen this in the past. If we hadn't seen it in the past, America would look very different than it looks today. 正如我所说，从长远来看，我对这个国家将走向何方非常有信心，因为我们过去已经见证过这一点。如果我们过去没有见证过，美国今天看起来会非常不同。
But whether we're going to get this done now, soon, so that this does not continue to be this divisive force in our politics, and we can get down to the business of all pulling together to create jobs, and educate our kids, and protect ourselves from external threats, and do the things that we need to do to ensure a better future for the next generation, that's going to be determined in part by how voters turn out and who they vote for in November. 但我们是否能现在、很快就完成这件事，使这不再成为我们政治中的分裂力量，使我们能够专心致志地共同创造就业机会、教育我们的孩子、保护我们免受外部威胁，以及做我们需要做的事情以确保下一代有更美好的未来，这在一定程度上取决于选民的投票率以及他们在11月投票给谁。
All right. One more question. Go ahead. 好的。还有一个问题。请说。
Question: Two practical, going-forward questions. Number one, is this going to -- are you going to be able to do anything more at all for immigrants going forward in terms of executive action before the election of the next president? And number two, do you in any way take this as some Republicans have presented this, as a slap at your use of executive authority, this tie vote? And will this in any way circumscribe how aggressively or forcefully you use executive authority for the remainder of your time in office? 记者：两个实际的、面向未来的问题。第一，在下一任总统选举之前，你是否还能在移民问题上采取更多的行政行动？第二，你是否认为——正如一些共和党人所说的那样——这次平局投票是对你使用行政权力的一记耳光？这是否会以任何方式限制你在剩余任期内使用行政权力的积极性或力度？
President Obama: Okay. On the specifics of immigration, I don't anticipate that there are additional executive actions that we can take. We can implement what we've already put in place that is not affected by this decision. But we have to follow, now, what has been ruled on in the Fifth Circuit because the Supreme Court could not resolve the issue. 奥巴马总统：好的。关于移民的具体问题，我预计我们不会采取更多的行政行动。我们可以实施已经制定的、不受这一裁决影响的政策。但我们现在必须遵循第五巡回法院的裁决，因为最高法院无法解决这个问题。
And we're going to have to abide by that ruling until an election and a confirmation of a ninth justice of the Supreme Court so that they can break this tie. Because we've always said that we are going to do what we can lawfully through executive action, but we can't go beyond that. And we've butted up about as far as we can on this particular topic. 我们将不得不遵守这一裁决，直到选举并确认第九位最高法院大法官，以便他们能够打破这一僵局。因为我们一直说，我们将通过行政行动做我们能合法做的事情，但我们不能超越法律。在这个特定问题上，我们已经走到了我们能走的最远的地方。
It does not have any impact on, from our perspective, on the host of other issues that we're working on, because each one of these issues has a different analysis and is based on different statutes or different interpretations of our authority. 从我们的角度来看，这对我们正在处理的许多其他问题没有任何影响，因为这些问题中的每一个都有不同的分析依据，基于不同的法规或对我们权力的不同解释。
So, for example, on climate change, that's based on the Clean Air Act and the EPA and previous Supreme Court rulings, as opposed to a theory of prosecutorial discretion that, in the past, has -- every other President has exercised. And the Supreme Court wasn't definitive one way or the other on this. I mean, the problem is they don't have a ninth justice. So that will continue to be a problem. 例如，在气候变化问题上，那是基于《清洁空气法》和环境保护局以及最高法院先前的裁决，而不是基于检察自由裁量权的理论——过去每一位总统都行使过这种权力。最高法院在这一点上没有给出明确的结论。我的意思是，问题在于他们没有第九位大法官。所以这将继续是一个问题。
With respect to the Republicans, I think what it tells you is, is that if you keep on blocking judges from getting on the bench, then courts can't issue decisions. And what that means is then you're going to have the status quo frozen, and we're not going to be able to make progress on some very important issues. 关于共和党人，我认为这告诉你们的是，如果你们一直阻止法官就任，那么法院就无法作出裁决。这意味着现状将被冻结，我们将无法在一些非常重要的问题上取得进展。
Now, that may have been their strategy from the start. But it's not a sustainable strategy. And it's certainly a strategy that will be broken by this election -- unless their basic theory is, is that we will never confirm judges again. Hopefully, that's not their theory, because that's not how a democracy is designed. 现在，这可能从一开始就是他们的策略。但这不是一个可持续的策略。而且这一策略肯定会被这次选举打破——除非他们的基本理论是，我们永远不再确认法官。希望这不是他们的理论，因为这不是民主的设计方式。
Question: You reject their portrayal of this as a chastisement of you for your use of executive authority? 记者：你是否否认他们将此描述为对你使用行政权力的惩戒？
President Obama: It was a one-word opinion that said, we can't come up with a decision. I think that would be a little bit of a stretch, yes. Maybe the next time they can -- if we have a full Court issuing a full opinion on anything, then we take it seriously. This we have to abide by, but it wasn't any kind of value statement or a decision on the merits of these issues. 奥巴马总统：这只是一个只有一句话的意见，说我们无法作出决定。我认为那样说有点牵强，是的。也许下一次——如果我们有一个完整的法院就任何问题发布完整的意见——那么我们会认真对待。这我们必须遵守，但这不是任何形式的价值声明，也不是对这些问题是非曲直的裁决。
All right? Thank you, guys. 好吗？谢谢大家。