President Obama: Hello Cape Town! 奥巴马总统：开普敦，你们好！
Audience: Hello! 观众：你好！
President Obama: Thobela. Molweni. Sanibona. Dumelang. Ndaa. Reperile. 奥巴马总统：托贝拉，莫尔韦尼，萨尼博纳，杜马朗，恩达，雷佩里莱。
Audience: Reperile! 观众：雷佩里莱！
President Obama: See, I’ve been practicing. How-zit? Did I leave anybody out? All right, well, I didn’t want to leave anybody out here. 奥巴马总统：看，我练习过了。你们好吗？我漏了谁吗？好吧，我可不想漏掉任何人。
I want to thank Vice Chancellor Max Price, who’s here, as well as Archbishop Njongonkulu. It’s wonderful to have them in attendance. 感谢今天在场的副校长马克斯·普赖斯和恩琼贡库卢大主教，很高兴你们能来。
I am so happy to be here today. It is wonderful to see all of these outstanding young people. I just had the honor of going to Robben Island with Michelle and our two daughters this afternoon. And this was my second time; I had the chance to visit back in 2006. But there was something different about bringing my children. And Malia is now 15, Sasha is 12 -- and seeing them stand within the walls that once surrounded Nelson Mandela, I knew this was an experience that they would never forget. 今天来到这里，我非常高兴。能见到这么多优秀的年轻人，真是太好了。今天下午，我有幸与米歇尔和两个女儿一起去了罗本岛。这是我第二次到访，上一次是二〇〇六年。但这次带孩子来，感受很不同。玛丽娅现在十五岁，萨莎十二岁。看着她们站在当年囚禁纳尔逊·曼德拉的围墙之内，我知道她们永远不会忘记这段经历。
I knew that they now appreciated a little bit more the sacrifices that Madiba and others had made for freedom. 我知道，她们如今更懂得“马迪巴”和其他人为自由作出的牺牲。
But what I also know is that because they’ve had a chance to visit South Africa for a second time now, they also understand that Mandela’s spirit could never be imprisoned -- for his legacy is here for all to see. It’s in this auditorium: young people, black, white, Indian, everything in between -- living and learning together in a South Africa that is free and at peace. 我也知道，她们第二次访问南非后更加明白：曼德拉的精神从未被囚禁，因为他的遗产就在眼前、就在这座礼堂里。黑人、白人、印度裔及其他背景的年轻人，在自由和平的南非共同生活、共同学习。
Now, obviously, today Madiba’s health weighs heavily on our hearts. And like billions all over the world, I -- and the American people -- have drawn strength from the example of this extraordinary leader, and the nation that he changed. Nelson Mandela showed us that one man’s courage can move the world. And he calls on us to make choices that reflects not our fears, but our hopes -- in our own lives, and in the lives of our communities and our countries. And that’s what I want to speak to all of you about today. 今天，马迪巴的健康状况显然牵动着我们的心。和世界各地数十亿人一样，我和美国人民从这位非凡领袖及他改变的国家身上汲取力量。纳尔逊·曼德拉让我们看到，一个人的勇气可以推动世界。他也召唤我们在个人、社区与国家生活中，作出体现希望而非恐惧的选择。今天我就想与你们谈谈这一点。
Some of you may be aware of this, but I actually took my first step into political life because of South Africa. This is true. I was the same age as some of you -- 19 years old, my whole life ahead of me. I was going to school on a campus in California -- not quite as pretty as this one -- but similar. And I must confess I was not always focused on my studies. There were a lot of distractions. And I enjoyed those distractions. 你们有些人也许知道，我踏入政治生活的第一步，实际上是因为南非。这是真的。那时我十九岁，与你们一些人同龄，整个人生都在前方。我在加利福尼亚的一所大学读书，校园没有这里这么美，但也差不多。坦白说，我并不总专心学习；能分心的事很多，而我也很享受。
And as the son of an African father and a white American mother, the diversity of America was in my blood, but I had never cared much for politics. I didn’t think it mattered to me. I didn’t think I could make a difference. And like many young people, I thought that cynicism -- a certain ironic detachment -- was a sign of wisdom and sophistication. 我的父亲来自非洲，母亲是白人美国人，因此美国的多样性流淌在我的血液里。但我从前对政治不太关心，觉得它与我无关，也不认为自己能带来改变。像许多年轻人一样，我还以为愤世嫉俗、带着讽刺意味的冷眼旁观是聪明和老练的表现。
But then I learned what was happening here in South Africa. And two young men, ANC representatives, came to our college and spoke, and I spent time hearing their stories. And I learned about the courage of those who waged the Defiance Campaign, and the brutality leveled against innocent men, women and children from Sharpeville to Soweto. And I studied the leadership of Luthuli, and the words of Biko, and the example of Madiba, and I knew that while brave people were imprisoned just off these shores on Robben Island, my own government in the United States was not standing on their side. 后来我了解到南非正在发生的事。两名非洲人国民大会的年轻代表来到学校演讲，我听他们讲述经历。我知道了反抗种族隔离运动参与者的勇气，也了解从沙佩维尔到索韦托，无辜男女和儿童遭受的残暴对待。我研究卢图利的领导、比科的话语、马迪巴的榜样，也意识到，当勇敢的人们被关在离这里不远的罗本岛上时，我的美国政府并没有站在他们一边。
That’s why I got involved in what was known as the divestment movement in the United States. 因此，我参加了美国当时所谓的撤资运动。
It was the first time I ever attached myself to a cause. It was the first time also that I ever gave a speech. It was only two minutes long -- and I was really just a warm-up act at a rally that we were holding demanding that our college divest from Apartheid South Africa. So I got up on stage, I started making my speech, and then, as a bit of political theater, some people came out with glasses that looked like security officers and they dragged me off the stage. Fortunately, there are no records of this speech. 这是我第一次投身一项事业，也是第一次公开演讲。演讲只有两分钟，我不过是学校一场集会的暖场人，我们要求学校从实行种族隔离的南非撤资。我走上台开始讲话，随后作为一种政治表演，几个戴着墨镜、扮成安全人员的人上来把我拖下台。幸好那次演讲没有留下录像。
But I remember struggling to express the anger and the passion that I was feeling, and to echo in some small way the moral clarity of freedom fighters an ocean away. 但我记得自己努力表达内心的愤怒和热情，希望哪怕只能传递一点点大洋彼岸自由斗士在道德上的清醒认识。
And I’ll be honest with you, when I was done, I did not think I’d made any difference -- I was even a little embarrassed. And I thought to myself -- what’s a bunch of university kids doing in California that is somehow going to make a difference? It felt too distant from what people were going through in places like Soweto. But looking back, as I look at that 19-year old young man, I'm more forgiving of the fact that the speech might not have been that great, because I knew -- I know now that something inside me was stirring at that time, something important. 说实话，讲完后我不觉得自己改变了什么，甚至有点难为情。我心想，加州的一群大学生能起什么作用？我们离索韦托等地的人们所经历的一切太遥远了。但今天回头看那个十九岁的年轻人，我对那篇也许并不出色的演讲宽容多了，因为我现在知道，当时我心里有一件重要的事正在萌动。
And that was the belief that I could be part of something bigger than myself; that my own salvation was bound up with those of others. 那就是相信自己可以成为超越自身的事业的一部分，相信自己的解放与他人的命运紧密相连。
That’s what Bobby Kennedy expressed, far better than I ever could, when he spoke here at the University of Cape Town in 1966. He said, “Each time a man stands up for an ideal, or acts to improve the lot of others, or strikes out against injustice, he sends forth a tiny ripple of hope, and crossing each other from a million different centers of energy and daring, those ripples build a current which can sweep down the mightiest walls of oppression and resistance.” 一九六六年，鲍比·肯尼迪在开普敦大学演讲时，比我表达得好得多。他说：“每当一个人挺身维护理想，或行动起来改善他人的处境，或奋起反抗不公，便会激起一圈微小的希望涟漪。来自千百万个勇气与力量源头的涟漪彼此交汇，终会汇成洪流，冲垮最坚固的压迫与阻碍之墙。”
Now, the world was very different on that June day in 1966 when Bobby Kennedy spoke those words. Mandela faced many more years as a prisoner. Apartheid was entrenched in this land. In the United States, the victories of the Civil Rights Movement were still uncertain. In fact, on the very day that Kennedy spoke here, the American civil rights leader, James Meredith, was shot in Mississippi, where he was marching to inspire blacks to register to vote. 鲍比·肯尼迪说这番话的一九六六年六月，世界与今天大不相同。曼德拉还要在狱中度过许多年，种族隔离在这片土地上根深蒂固；在美国，民权运动的胜利仍充满不确定性。肯尼迪在这里演讲的当天，美国民权领袖詹姆斯·梅雷迪思正在密西西比州游行，鼓励黑人登记投票，却遭到枪击。
Those were difficult, troubled, trying times. The idea of hope might have seemed misplaced. It would have seemed inconceivable to people at that time -- that less than 50 years later, an African American President might address an integrated audience, at South Africa’s oldest university, and that this same university would have conferred an honorary degree to a President, Nelson Mandela. It would have seemed impossible. 那是艰难、动荡而充满考验的岁月，谈希望似乎不合时宜。当时人们几乎无法想象，不到五十年后，一位非洲裔美国总统会在南非最古老的大学对不同种族的听众讲话，而同一所大学还曾向纳尔逊·曼德拉总统颁授荣誉学位。那仿佛不可能。
That’s the power that comes from acting on our ideals. That’s what Mandela understood. But it wasn’t just the giants of history who brought about this change. Think of the many millions of acts of conscience that were part of that effort. Think about how many voices were raised against injustice over the years -- in this country, in the United States, around the world. Think of how many times ordinary people pushed against those walls of oppression and resistance, and the violence and the indignities that they suffered; the quiet courage that they sustained. 这正是践行理想的力量。曼德拉明白这一点。但带来改变的不只是历史巨人。想想无数人在这场努力中作出的良知之举，想想多年来南非、美国和世界各地有多少人发声反对不公，有多少普通人一次次冲撞压迫与阻碍的高墙，承受暴力和侮辱，却仍保持沉静的勇气。
Think of how many ripples of hope it took to build a wave that would eventually come crashing down like a mighty stream. 想想需要多少圈希望的涟漪，才能最终汇成奔涌而来的巨浪。
So Mandela’s life, like Kennedy’s life, like Gandhi's life, like the life of all those who fought to bring about a new South Africa or a more just America -- they stand as a challenge to me. But more importantly, they stand as a challenge to your generation, because they tell you that your voice matters -- your ideals, your willingness to act on those ideals, your choices can make a difference. And if there’s any country in the world that shows the power of human beings to affect change, this is the one. You’ve shown us how a prisoner can become a President. 因此，曼德拉、肯尼迪、甘地，以及所有为新南非和更公正美国而奋斗者的一生，都在向我提出挑战。更重要的是，他们也在向你们这一代提出挑战：他们告诉你们，你的声音有分量，理想、践行理想的意愿以及所作选择，都能带来改变。若要找一个证明人类有力量改变现实的国家，南非就是。你们让我们看到，囚犯可以成为总统。
You've shown us how bitter adversaries can reconcile. You've confronted crimes of hatred and intolerance with truth and love, and you wrote into your constitution the human rights that sustain freedom. 你们让我们看到，苦涩的对手可以和解；你们以真相和爱面对仇恨与不宽容的罪行，并将支撑自由的人权写进宪法。
And those are only the most publicized aspects of South Africa’s transformation, because alongside South Africa’s political struggle, other battles have been waged as well to improve the lives of those who for far too long have been denied economic opportunity and social justice. 这还只是南非转型最广为人知的方面。伴随政治斗争，其他战斗也在进行，为的是改善那些长期失去经济机会与社会公正者的生活。
During my last journey here in 2006, what impressed me so much was the good works of people on the ground teaching children, caring for the sick, bringing jobs to those in need. In Khayelitsha Township -- I'm still working on some of these -- I met women who were living with HIV. And this is at a time back in 2006, where there were still some challenges in terms of the policies around HIV and AIDS here in South Africa. But they were on the ground, struggling to keep their families together -- helping each other, working on behalf of each other. 二〇〇六年上次来访时，最令我动容的是基层人们做的好事：教孩子读书、照顾病人、为需要的人带来工作。在卡耶利沙镇——这些地名我还在努力练习发音——我见到与艾滋病毒共处的女性。当时南非的艾滋病政策仍面临一些挑战，但她们在基层艰苦努力，维系家庭，彼此扶助、互相奔走。
In Soweto, I met people who were striving to carry forward the legacy of Hector Pieterson. At the Rosa Parks Library in Pretoria, I was struck by the energy of students who -- they wanted to capture this moment of promise for South Africa. 在索韦托，我见到努力延续赫克托·彼得森遗志的人。在比勒陀利亚的罗莎·帕克斯图书馆，学生们的活力令我印象深刻，他们渴望抓住南非这个充满希望的时刻。
And this is a moment of great promise. South Africa is one of the world’s economic centers. Obviously, you can see it here in Cape Town. In the country that saw the first human heart transplant, new breakthroughs are being made in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. I was just talking to your Vice Chancellor. People come to this University from over 100 countries to study and teach. In America, we see the reach of your culture from “Freshly Ground” concerts to the -- we've got the Nando’s just a couple of blocks from the White House. 现在正是充满希望的时刻。南非是世界经济的重要中心，在开普敦就能看出来。世界首例人体心脏移植手术发生在这个国家，如今艾滋病治疗也不断取得新突破。我刚与副校长交谈，来自一百多个国家的人到这所大学学习和教学。在美国，从“新鲜大地”乐队的演唱会，到离白宫只有几条街的一家南多斯餐厅，我们都感受到南非文化的影响。
And thanks to the first World Cup ever held on this continent, the world now knows the sound of the vuvuzela. I'm not sure that's like the greatest gift that South Africa ever gave. 这片大陆还举办了首次世界杯，让全世界都认识了呜呜祖拉的声音。不过我不确定这是不是南非送给世界的最佳礼物。
But progress has also rippled across the African continent. From Senegal to Cote D’Ivoire to Malawi, democracy has weathered strong challenges. 进步也在整个非洲大陆荡起涟漪。从塞内加尔、科特迪瓦到马拉维，民主经受了严峻考验。
Many of the fastest-growing economies in the world are here in Africa, where there is an historic shift taking place from poverty to a growing, nascent middle class. Fewer people are dying of preventable disease. More people have access to health care. More farmers are getting their products to market at fair prices. From micro-finance projects in Kampala, to stock traders in Lagos, to cell phone entrepreneurs in Nairobi, there is an energy here that can't be denied -- Africa rising. 世界上增长最快的许多经济体就在非洲。这里正发生从贫困走向逐渐壮大的中产阶级的历史性转变。死于可预防疾病的人更少了，得到医疗服务的人更多了，更多农民能以公平价格把产品送到市场。从坎帕拉的微型金融项目，到拉各斯的股票交易员，再到内罗毕的手机创业者，一股无可否认的活力正在涌现：非洲正在崛起。
We know this progress, though, rests on a fragile foundation. We know that progress is uneven. Across Africa, the same institutions that should be the backbone of democracy can all too often be infected with the rot of corruption. The same technology that enables record profits sometimes means widening a canyon of inequality. The same interconnection that binds our fates makes all of Africa vulnerable to the undertow of conflict. 但我们知道，这些进步的基础仍很脆弱，进展也不均衡。非洲各地，本应成为民主支柱的机构太常被腐败侵蚀；带来创纪录利润的技术，有时也扩大不平等的鸿沟；连接我们命运的相互依存，也使整个非洲容易被冲突拖入漩涡。
So there is no question that Africa is on the move, but it's not moving fast enough for the child still languishing in poverty in forgotten townships. It's not moving fast enough for the protester who is beaten in Harare, or the woman who is raped in Eastern Congo. We've got more work to do, because these Africans must not be left behind. 所以，非洲无疑正在前进，但对仍在被遗忘城镇里贫困度日的孩子来说，前进得还不够快；对在哈拉雷遭殴打的抗议者，或在刚果东部遭强奸的妇女来说，也不够快。我们还有更多事要做，不能让这些非洲人掉队。
And that’s where you come in –- the young people of Africa. Just like previous generations, you've got choices to make. You get to decide where the future lies. Think about it -- over 60 percent of Africans are under 35 years old. So demographics means young people are going to be determining the fate of this continent and this country. You’ve got time and numbers on your side, and you’ll be making decisions long after politicians like me have left the scene. 这就是你们——非洲青年——发挥作用的地方。和前辈一样，你们要作出选择，决定未来走向。想想看，非洲超过百分之六十的人口不到三十五岁。这意味着年轻人将决定这片大陆和这个国家的命运。时间和人数都在你们一边；像我这样的政治家退场很久后，你们还将继续作决定。
And I can promise you this: The world will be watching what decisions you make. The world will be watching what you do. Because one of the wonderful things that’s happening is, where people used to only see suffering and conflict in Africa, suddenly, now they're seeing opportunity for resources, for investment, for partnership, for influence. Governments and businesses from around the world are sizing up the continent, and they're making decisions themselves about where to invest their own time and their own energy. 我可以保证，世界会关注你们作出的决定、采取的行动。可喜的是，过去人们眼中的非洲只有苦难与冲突，如今突然开始看到资源、投资、伙伴关系和影响力带来的机会。各国政府和企业正在衡量这片大陆，也决定把自己的时间与精力投向哪里。
And as I said yesterday at a town hall meeting up in Johannesburg, that’s a good thing. We want all countries -- China, India, Brazil, Turkey, Europe, America -- we want everybody paying attention to what's going on here, because it speaks to your progress. 正如我昨天在约翰内斯堡与青年举行的市民大会上所说，这是一件好事。我们希望中国、印度、巴西、土耳其、欧洲、美国以及所有国家都关注这里，因为这说明你们取得了进步。
And I've traveled to Africa on this trip because my bet is on the young people who are the heartbeat of Africa’s story. I'm betting on all of you. As President of the United States, I believe that my own nation will benefit enormously if you reach your full potential. 此行我来到非洲，是因为我相信那些构成非洲故事心跳的年轻人。我看好你们每一位。作为美国总统，我相信，如果你们充分发挥潜能，美国也会大大受益。
If prosperity is broadly shared here in Africa, that middle class will be an enormous market for our goods. If strong democracies take root, that will enable our people and businesses to draw closer to yours. If peace prevails over war, we will all be more secure. And if the dignity of the individual is upheld across Africa, then I believe Americans will be more free as well, because I believe that none of us are fully free when others in the human family remain shackled by poverty or disease or oppression. 如果非洲繁荣为更多人共享，壮大的中产阶级会成为我们商品的巨大市场；如果稳固的民主扎根，两国人民和企业就能更亲近；如果和平战胜战争，大家都会更安全；如果非洲各地维护个人尊严，我相信美国人也会更自由。因为只要人类大家庭还有人被贫困、疾病或压迫束缚，我们谁都不算完全自由。
Now, America has been involved in Africa for decades. But we are moving beyond the simple provision of assistance, foreign aid, to a new model of partnership between America and Africa -– a partnership of equals that focuses on your capacity to solve problems, and your capacity to grow. Our efforts focus on three areas that shape our lives: opportunity, democracy, and peace. 美国参与非洲事务已有几十年。但我们正超越单纯提供外援，走向美非平等伙伴的新模式，重点是你们解决问题和实现增长的能力。我们的努力集中在塑造生活的三个领域：机会、民主与和平。
So first off, we want a partnership that empowers Africans to access greater opportunity in their own lives, in their communities, and for their countries. 首先，我们希望建立伙伴关系，让非洲人能在个人、社区和国家层面获得更多机会。
As the largest economy on the continent, South Africa is part of a trend that extends from south to north, east to west -- more and more African economies are poised to take off. And increased trade and investment from the United States has the potential to accelerate these trends –- creating new jobs and opportunities on both sides of the Atlantic. 南非是非洲最大的经济体，也是从南到北、从东到西越来越多非洲经济体蓄势起飞的趋势的一部分。美国扩大贸易与投资，有望加速这一趋势，为大西洋两岸创造新的工作和机会。
So I’m calling for America to up our game when it comes to Africa. We’re bringing together business leaders from America and Africa to deepen our engagement. We’re going to launch new trade missions, and promote investment from companies back home. We’ll launch an effort in Addis to renew the African Growth and Opportunity Act to break down barriers to trade, and tomorrow I’ll discuss a new Trade Africa initiative to expand our ties across the continent, because we want to unleash the power of entrepreneurship and markets to create opportunity here i Africa. 因此我呼吁美国在非洲更加积极作为。我们正召集美非企业领袖深化合作，将派出新的贸易代表团，推动美国企业投资。我们将在亚的斯亚贝巴推动延续《非洲增长与机会法案》，拆除贸易壁垒；明天我还将讨论新的“贸易非洲”倡议，扩大与非洲各地的联系，因为我们希望释放创业和市场的力量，在这里创造机会。
It was interesting -- yesterday at the town hall meeting I had with a number of young people, the first three questions had to do with trade, because there was a recognition -- these young people said, I want to start a -- I want to start something. I want to build something, and then I want to sell something. Now, to succeed, these efforts have to connect to something bigger. 有意思的是，昨天与年轻人的市民大会上，前三个问题都有关贸易。他们说：“我想创办点什么，制造点什么，然后卖点什么。”大家已经认识到，要让这些努力成功，就必须与更大的事业联系起来。
And for America, this isn’t just about numbers on a balance sheet or the resources that can be taken out of the ground. We believe that societies and economies only advance as far as individuals are free to carry them forward. And just as freedom cannot exist when people are imprisoned for their political views, true opportunity cannot exist when people are imprisoned by sickness, or hunger, or darkness. 对美国而言，这不只是资产负债表上的数字，也不只是能从地下开采的资源。我们相信，社会和经济能进步到什么程度，取决于个人有多自由地推动它们前进。正如人们因政治观点被监禁时谈不上自由，被疾病、饥饿或黑暗困住时，也谈不上真正的机会。
And so, the question we've been asking ourselves is what will it take to empower individual Africans? 所以，我们一直在问：怎样才能赋予每一位非洲人力量？
For one thing, we believe that countries have to have the power to feed themselves, so instead of shipping food to Africa, we’re now helping millions of small farmers in Africa make use of new technologies and farm more land. And through a new alliance of governments and the private sector, we’re investing billions of dollars in agriculture that grows more crops, brings more food to market, give farmers better prices and helps lift 50 million people out of poverty in a decade. An end to famine, a thriving African agricultural industry –- that’s what opportunity looks like. 首先，我们认为各国必须有养活自己的能力。因此，我们如今不只是把粮食运往非洲，而是帮助数百万小农使用新技术、耕种更多土地。通过政府和私营部门的新联盟，我们正向农业投资数十亿美元，增加作物产量，让更多粮食进入市场，为农民争取更好的价格，帮助十年内五千万人摆脱贫困。终结饥荒、建立兴旺的非洲农业，这就是机会。
That’s what we want to build with you. 这就是我们想与你们共同建设的未来。
We believe that countries have to have the power to prevent illness and care for the sick. And our efforts to combat malaria and tropical illness can lead to an achievable goal: ending child and maternal deaths from preventable disease. Already, our commitment to fight HIV/AIDS has saved millions, and allows us to imagine what was once unthinkable: an AIDS-free generation. And while America will continue to provide billions of dollars in support, we can’t make progress without African partners. 我们认为各国必须有预防疾病、照料患者的能力。抗击疟疾和热带疾病的努力可以帮助我们实现一个可达成的目标：终结母亲和儿童因可预防疾病死亡。我们抗击艾滋病毒和艾滋病的承诺已拯救数百万人，让我们能够想象过去不可思议的未来——诞生没有艾滋病的一代。美国会继续提供数十亿美元支持，但没有非洲伙伴就无法取得进展。
So I’m proud that by the end of my presidency, South Africa has determined it will be the first African country to fully manage its HIV care and treatment program. That’s an enormous achievement. Healthy mothers and healthy children; strong public health systems -- that’s what opportunity looks like. 因此我很高兴，南非决心在我任期结束前成为第一个完全自行管理艾滋病毒照护与治疗项目的非洲国家。这是巨大成就。健康的母亲和孩子、强大的公共卫生体系，这就是机会。
And we believe that nations must have the power to connect their people to the promise of the 21st century. Access to electricity is fundamental to opportunity in this age. It’s the light that children study by; the energy that allows an idea to be transformed into a real business. It’s the lifeline for families to meet their most basic needs. And it’s the connection that’s needed to plug Africa into the grid of the global economy. You’ve got to have power. 我们还认为，各国必须有能力让人民接触二十一世纪的机遇。这个时代，电力是机会的基础：它点亮孩子读书的灯，提供把想法变成真实企业的能源，是满足家庭最基本需要的生命线，也是让非洲接入全球经济网络必需的连接。必须有电。
And yet two-thirds of the population in sub-Saharan Africa lacks access to power -- and the percentage is much higher for those who don’t live in cities. 然而，撒哈拉以南非洲三分之二的人没有电，农村地区的比例更高。
So today, I am proud to announce a new initiative. We’ve been dealing with agriculture, we’ve been dealing with health. Now we’re going to talk about power -- Power Africa -- a new initiative that will double access to power in sub-Saharan Africa. Double it. We’re going to start by investing $7 billion in U.S. government resources. We’re going to partner with the private sector, who themselves have committed more than $9 billion in investment. And in partnership with African nations, we’re going to develop new sources of energy. 今天，我很自豪地宣布一项新倡议。我们已在农业和卫生领域努力，现在要谈电力：“电力非洲”将使撒哈拉以南非洲获得电力服务的人数翻一番。翻一番。首先，美国政府将投入七十亿美元资源，私营部门伙伴也已承诺投资超过九十亿美元。我们会与非洲国家合作，开发新的能源。
We’ll reach more households not just in cities, but in villages and on farms. We’ll expand access for those who live currently off the power grid. And we’ll support clean energy to protect our planet and combat climate change. So, a light where currently there is darkness; the energy needed to lift people out of poverty -- that’s what opportunity looks like. 我们将惠及更多家庭，不仅在城市，也在村庄和农场；扩大离网居民获得电力的机会；支持清洁能源，保护地球、应对气候变化。在如今黑暗的地方点亮灯火，用能源帮助人们摆脱贫困，这就是机会。
So this is America’s vision: a partnership with Africa that unleashes growth, and the potential of every citizen, not just a few at the very top. And this is achievable. There’s nothing that I’ve outlined that cannot happen. But history tells us that true progress is only possible where governments exist to serve their people, and not the other way around. 这就是美国的愿景：与非洲建立释放增长和每位公民潜能的伙伴关系，而非只让顶端少数人受益。这可以实现。我刚才提出的目标没有一项是不可能的。但历史告诉我们，真正的进步只有在政府服务人民、而非人民服务政府时才可能实现。
If anyone wants to see the difference between freedom and tyranny, let them come here, to South Africa. Here, citizens braved bullets and beatings to claim that most basic right: the ability to be free, to determine your own fate, in your own land. And Madiba’s example extended far beyond that victory. Now, I mentioned yesterday at the town hall -- like America’s first President, George Washington, he understood that democracy can only endure when it’s bigger than just one person. So his willingness to leave power was as profound as his ability to claim power. 如果有人想看自由与暴政的区别，就请来到南非。这里的公民冒着枪弹和殴打，争取最基本的权利：在自己的土地上自由地决定命运。马迪巴的榜样不止于取得胜利。我昨天在市民大会上说过，和美国首任总统乔治·华盛顿一样，他明白民主只有超越某一个人才能持久。因此，他愿意交出权力，与当年能够赢得权力一样意义深远。
The good news is that this example is getting attention across the continent. We see it in free and fair elections from Ghana to Zambia. We hear it in the voices of civil society. I was in Senegal and met with some civil society groups, including a group called Y’en Marre, which meant “fed up” -- that helped to defend the will of the people after elections in Senegal. We recognize it in places like Tanzania, where text messages connect citizens to their representatives. And we strengthen it when organizations stand up for democratic principles, like ECOWAS did in Cote d’Ivoire. 好消息是，这个榜样正得到非洲各地关注。从加纳到赞比亚的自由公正选举中可以看到，从公民社会的声音中可以听到。在塞内加尔，我见了几个公民团体，包括一个名字意为“受够了”的组织，它在选举后帮助捍卫人民意志。在坦桑尼亚，手机短信让公民与代表联系，我们也看到了这一点。西非国家经济共同体在科特迪瓦挺身维护民主原则时，这股力量就得到增强。
But this work is not complete -- we all know that. Not in those countries where leaders enrich themselves with impunity; not in communities where you can’t start a business, or go to school, or get a house without paying a bribe to somebody. These things have to change. And they have to chance not just because such corruption is immoral, but it’s also a matter of self-interest and economics. Governments that respect the rights of their citizens and abide by the rule of law do better, grow faster, draw more investment than those who don’t. That’s just a fact. 但我们都知道，工作尚未完成。在领导人肆无忌惮地中饱私囊的国家，没有完成；在不行贿就不能创业、上学或取得住房的社区，也没有完成。这些事必须改变，不仅因为腐败不道德，也因为改变符合各国自身经济利益。尊重公民权利、遵守法治的政府，比其他政府发展得更好、增长更快，也吸引更多投资。这就是事实。
Just look at your neighbor, Zimbabwe, where the promise of liberation gave way to the corruption of power and then the collapse of the economy. Now, after the leaders of this region -- led by South Africa -- brokered an end to what has been a long-running crisis, Zimbabweans have a new constitution, the economy is beginning to recover. So there is an opportunity to move forward -- but only if there is an election that is free, and fair, and peaceful, so that Zimbabweans can determine their future without fear of intimidation and retribution. 看看邻国津巴布韦：解放的承诺让位于权力腐败，随后经济崩溃。如今，在南非领导下，地区各国领导人促成这场长期危机暂告结束，津巴布韦有了新宪法，经济开始复苏。前进的机会已经出现，但前提是举行自由、公正、和平的选举，让津巴布韦人不受恐吓和报复，自己决定未来。
And after elections, there must be respect for the universal rights upon which democracy depends. 选举之后，还必须尊重民主赖以存在的普遍权利。
These are things that America stands for -- not perfectly -- but that’s what we stand for, and that’s what my administration stands for. We don’t tell people who their leaders should be, but we do stand up with those who support the principles that lead to a better life. And that’s why we’re interested in investing not in strongmen, but in strong institutions: independent judiciaries that can enforce the rule of law; honest police forces that can protect the peoples’ interests instead of their own; an open government that can bring transparency and accountability. 美国支持这些原则，虽然做得并不完美，但这正是我们和我的政府的立场。我们不告诉别国人民谁该当领导人，却会与支持改善生活所需原则的人站在一起。因此，我们想投资的不是强人，而是强大的制度：能够维护法治的独立司法，保护人民而非自己利益的廉洁警察，以及带来透明与问责的开放政府。
And, yes, that’s why we stand up for civil society -- for journalists and NGOs, and community organizers and activists -- who give people a voice. And that’s why we support societies that empower women -- because no country will reach its potential unless it draws on the talents of our wives and our mothers, and our sisters and our daughters. 是的，这也是我们支持公民社会的原因：记者、非政府组织、社区组织者和活动人士让人民有发声的机会。我们也支持赋予女性力量的社会，因为若不能发挥妻子、母亲、姐妹和女儿的才华，没有国家能充分实现潜力。
Just to editorialize here for a second, because my father's home country of Kenya -- like much of Africa -- you see women doing work and not getting respect. I tell you, you can measure how well a country does by how it treats its women. And all across this continent, and all around the world, we've got more work to do on that front. We've got some sisters saying, "Amen." 容我说句题外话。我的父亲来自肯尼亚，在那里和非洲许多地方，你能看见女性干活却得不到应有尊重。我告诉你们，一个国家如何对待女性，就能衡量它发展得怎样。非洲各地和全世界在这方面仍有很多工作要做。听见几位姐妹在说“阿门”了。
Now, I know that there are some in Africa who hear me say these things -- who see America's support for these values -- and say that's intrusive. Why are you meddling? I know there are those who argue that ideas like democracy and transparency are somehow Western exports. I disagree. Those in power who make those arguments are usually trying to distract people from their own abuses. Sometimes, they are the same people who behind closed doors are willing to sell out their own country’s resource to foreign interests, just so long as they get a cut. I'm just telling the truth. 我知道有些非洲人听到我这样说、看到美国支持这些价值观，会认为这是一种干涉，问“为什么多管闲事？”也有人认为民主和透明不过是西方输出的观念。我不同意。掌权者提出这种论点，通常是想把人民的注意力从自己的滥权行为上移开。有时，他们正是那些私下愿意把本国资源卖给外国利益集团、只要自己能分得好处的人。我只是在说实话。
Now ultimately, I believe that Africans should make up their own minds about what serves African interests. We trust your judgment, the judgment of ordinary people. We believe that when you control your destiny, if you've got a handle on your governments, then governments will promote freedom and opportunity, because that will serve you. And it shouldn’t just be America that stands up for democracy -- it should be Africans as well. So here in South Africa, your democratic story has inspired the world. 归根结底，我相信应由非洲人自己决定什么符合非洲利益。我们相信你们，相信普通人的判断。我们相信，当你们掌握自己的命运、能够监督政府，政府就会促进自由与机会，因为那符合你们的利益。捍卫民主也不该只是美国的事，非洲人自己也应站出来。南非的民主历程已经激励世界。
And through the power of your example, and through your position in organizations like SADC and the African Union, you can be a voice for the human progress that you’ve written into your own Constitution. You shouldn't assume that that's unique to South Africa. People have aspirations like that everywhere. 通过榜样的力量，以及在南部非洲发展共同体和非洲联盟等组织中的地位，你们可以为自己宪法写下的人类进步发声。不要以为这只是南非独有的愿望，各地的人们都有同样的向往。
And this brings me to the final area where our partnership can empower people -- the pursuit and protection of peace in Africa. So long as parts of Africa continue to be ravaged by war and mayhem, opportunity and democracy cannot take root. Across the continent, there are places where too often fear prevails. From Mali to Mogadishu, senseless terrorism all too often perverts the meaning of Islam -- one of the world’s great religions -- and takes the lives of countless innocent Africans. From Congo to Sudan, conflicts fester -- robbing men, women and children of the lives that they deserve. 这引出伙伴关系赋予人民力量的最后一个领域：在非洲追求和维护和平。只要非洲部分地区仍遭战争和暴乱蹂躏，机会与民主就无法扎根。大陆上太多地方仍由恐惧主宰。从马里到摩加迪沙，毫无意义的恐怖主义屡屡歪曲世界伟大宗教之一伊斯兰教的意义，夺走无数无辜非洲人的生命。从刚果到苏丹，冲突长期不息，剥夺男女和儿童本应拥有的生活。
In too many countries, the actions of thugs and warlords and drug cartels and human traffickers hold back the promise of Africa, enslaving others for their own purposes. 在太多国家，暴徒、军阀、贩毒集团和人口贩子为了自己的目的奴役他人，阻挡非洲的希望。
America cannot put a stop to these tragedies alone, and you don’t expect us to. That’s a job for Africans. But we can help, and we will help. I know there's a lot of talk of America’s military presence in Africa. But if you look at what we’re actually doing, time and again, we're putting muscle behind African efforts. That’s what we’re doing in the Sahel, where the nations of West Africa have stepped forward to keep the peace as Mali now begins to rebuild. 美国无法独自结束这些悲剧，你们也不会这样期待。但我们能够帮助，也一定会帮助。我知道人们常谈美国在非洲的军事存在；可若看看我们实际做的事，就会发现我们一再支持非洲人自己的努力。在萨赫勒地区，西非国家挺身维护和平，帮助马里开始重建，我们就在为他们提供支持。
That’s what we’re doing in Central Africa, where a coalition of countries is closing the space where the Lord’s Resistance Army can operate. That’s what we’re doing in Somalia, where an African Union force, AMISOM, is helping a new government to stand on its own two feet. 在中部非洲，各国联盟正在压缩“圣主抵抗军”的活动空间，我们提供支持；在索马里，非洲联盟驻索马里特派团帮助新政府站稳脚跟，我们也如此。
These efforts have to lead to lasting peace, not just words on a paper or promises that fade away. Peace between and within Sudan and South Sudan, so that these governments get on with the work of investing in their deeply impoverished peoples. Peace in the Congo with nations keeping their commitments, so rights are at last claimed by the people of this war-torn country, and women and children no longer live in fear. Peace in Mali, where people will make their voices heard in new elections this summer. In each of these cases, Africa must lead and America will help. 这些努力必须带来持久和平，而不只是纸上的字句或终将消散的承诺。苏丹及南苏丹内外需要和平，使政府能够着手投资极度贫困的人民；刚果需要和平，各国须兑现承诺，让这个饱经战火的国家的人民终于享有权利，使妇女儿童不再终日恐惧；马里需要和平，让人民在今年夏天的新选举中发声。每种情况下，非洲必须引领，美国将提供帮助。
And America will make no apology for supporting African efforts to end conflict and stand up for human dignity. 美国支持非洲终结冲突、维护人的尊严的努力，无须为此道歉。
And this year marks the 50th anniversary of the OAU, now the African Union -- an occasion that is more historic, because the AU is taking on these challenges. And I want America to take our engagement not just on security issues, but on environmental issues -- and economic issues and social issues, education issues -- I want to take that engagement to a whole new level. So I’m proud to announce that next year, I'm going to invite heads of state from across sub-Saharan Africa to a summit in the United States to help launch a new chapter in U.S.-African relations. 今年是非洲统一组织——如今的非洲联盟——成立五十周年。非盟正承担这些挑战，使这一纪念日更有历史意义。我希望美国与非洲的合作，不仅在安全，也在环境、经济、社会和教育领域，都提升到全新水平。因此，我很高兴宣布，明年将邀请撒哈拉以南非洲各国元首到美国参加峰会，开启美非关系新篇章。
And as I mentioned yesterday, I'm also going to hold a summit with the next class of our Young African Leaders Initiative, because we want to engage leaders and tomorrow's leaders in figuring out how we can best work together. 正如昨天提到的，我还会与下一届“非洲青年领袖倡议”的成员举行峰会，因为我们希望与今天和未来的领袖共同探讨怎样最好地合作。
So let me close by saying this. Governments matter. Political leadership matters. And I do hope that some of you here today decide to follow the path of public service. It can sometimes be thankless, but I believe it can also be a noble life. But we also have to recognize that the choices we make are not limited to the policies and programs of government. Peace and prosperity in Africa, and around the world, also depends on the attitudes of people. 最后我想说，政府很重要，政治领导很重要。我确实希望今天在场有些人选择公共服务之路。它有时吃力不讨好，但我相信也可以是高尚的人生。不过必须认识到，选择并不只体现在政府政策和项目上。非洲与世界的和平繁荣，也取决于人们的态度。
Too often, the source of tragedy, the source of conflict involves the choices ordinary people make that divide us from one another -- black from white, Christian from Muslim, tribe from tribe. Africa contains a multitude of identities, but the nations and people of Africa will not fulfill their promise so long as some use these identities to justify subjugation –- an excuse to steal or kill or disenfranchise others. 悲剧和冲突的根源，太常是普通人作出的选择：把我们按黑人与白人、基督徒与穆斯林、这个部落与那个部落区隔开。非洲有许多身份认同，但只要有人利用这些身份为压制他人辩护，把它们当作掠夺、杀害或剥夺他人权利的借口，非洲各国和人民就无法实现潜力。
And ultimately, that’s the most important lesson that the world learned right here in South Africa. Mandela once wrote, “No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.” 归根结底，这是世界在南非学到的最重要一课。曼德拉曾写道：“没有人天生因别人的肤色、出身或宗教而憎恨他。人必须学会仇恨；既然能学会仇恨，也就能被教会爱，因为爱比仇恨更自然地存在于人心。”
I believe that to be true. I believe that’s always been true -- from the dawn of the first man to the youth today, and all that came in between here in Africa -- kingdoms come and gone; the crucible of slavery and the emergence from colonialism; senseless war, but also iconic movements for social justice; squandered wealth, but also soaring promise. 我相信这是真的，而且始终如此。从人类黎明到今天的青年，非洲走过的一切都证明了这一点：王国兴衰，奴隶制的熔炉与殖民统治的结束，无意义的战争与具有标志意义的社会公正运动，被挥霍的财富与腾飞的希望。
Madiba’s words give us a compass in a sea of change, firm ground amidst swirling currents. We always have the opportunity to choose our better history. We can always understand that most important decision -- the decision we make when we find our common humanity in one another. That’s always available to us, that choice. 在变化的海洋里，马迪巴的话给我们罗盘；在旋转的激流中，给我们稳固的立足处。我们始终有机会选择历史中更好的一面，作出最重要的决定：在彼此身上认出共同的人性。这个选择永远向我们敞开。
And I've seen that spirit in the welcoming smiles of children on Gorée Island, and the children of Mombasa on Kenya’s Indian Ocean coast. That spirit exists in the mother in the Sahel who wants a life of dignity for her daughters; and in the South African student who braves danger and distance just to get to school. It can be heard in the songs that rise from villages and city streets, and it can be heard in the confident voices of young people like you. 我在戈雷岛孩子们欢迎的笑容中，在肯尼亚印度洋岸蒙巴萨孩子们身上，看到了这种精神；它存在于萨赫勒一位希望女儿享有有尊严生活的母亲身上，也存在于不畏危险、走远路上学的南非学生身上。村庄和城市街道传来的歌声中能听见它，像你们这样的年轻人自信的声音中也能听见它。
It is that spirit, that innate longing for justice and equality, for freedom and solidarity -- that’s the spirit that can light the way forward. It's in you. And as you guide Africa down that long and difficult road, I want you to know that you will always find the extended hand of a friend in the United States of America. 这种精神——对正义、平等、自由和团结与生俱来的渴望——能照亮前路。它就在你们心里。当你们引领非洲走过漫长艰难的道路，请记住，美利坚合众国的朋友之手始终向你们伸出。
Thank you very much. God bless you. 非常感谢。愿上帝保佑你们。