Thank you very much for that kind introduction. President Reif, distinguished guests, members of the faculty and of course, the MIT graduating class of 2020. It is truly an honor for me to have the opportunity to address you today. 非常感谢刚才亲切的介绍。莱夫校长、各位嘉宾、各位教师，当然还有麻省理工学院2020届毕业生：今天能有机会向你们讲话，我深感荣幸。
I had an entirely different speech prepared for this afternoon. It was a nice little speech. It was about how you, the brilliant men and women of MIT are like the Navy SEALs of academia. I made some good analogies. I had some cute little anecdotes and some lessons from my career. But somehow, that speech just didn’t seem right in light of all that has happened in the past five months. The fact that I am standing here alone, and that you are isolated somewhere at home, is proof enough that the world has changed. 我原本为今天下午准备了一篇完全不同的演讲。那是一篇不错的短讲，讲的是麻省理工学院这些才华横溢的年轻人如何像学术界的海军海豹突击队员。我写了几个不错的类比，准备了一些有趣的小故事，也总结了职业生涯中的几条经验。但鉴于过去五个月发生的一切，那篇演讲无论如何都显得不合时宜。我独自站在这里，而你们各自在家中与人隔离，这本身就足以证明世界已经改变。
But there is a part of the speech that I retained. It was the part about heroes and how after all these years I came to realize that the heroes we need—are not the heroes I had been looking for. 不过，我保留了原演讲的一部分。它谈的是英雄，以及经过这么多年，我终于意识到：我们需要的英雄，并不是我过去寻找的那种英雄。
When I was a young boy growing up in the 50s and 60s, I always envisioned myself as the hero. I always wanted to be Superman, with his powers to fly, with his invulnerability, with his super strength. A hero who saved the world every day from some catastrophe. Or Batman, Spiderman, the Black Panther, the team of the X-men and the Fantastic Four and my favorite of all—Aquaman. I so wanted to ride on the back of a seahorse and fight evil underwater. 我在二十世纪五六十年代长大，小时候总把自己想象成英雄。我一直想成为超人，能够飞行、刀枪不入、力大无穷，每天都从某种灾难中拯救世界。或者成为蝙蝠侠、蜘蛛侠、黑豹、X战警和神奇四侠中的一员；而我最喜欢的是海王。我多么想骑在海马背上，在水下与邪恶搏斗。
But as I grew up and travelled the world, and as I saw more than my share of war and destruction—I came to the hard truth that Captain America isn’t coming to the rescue. There is no Superman, no Batman, no Wonder Woman, no Black Widow, no Avengers, no Justice League, no Gandolf, no Harry Potter, and no Aquaman. If we are going to save the world from pandemics, war, climate change, poverty, racism, extremism, intolerance—then you, the brilliant minds of MIT—you are going to have to save the world. 然而，随着我长大、走遍世界，也亲眼见过太多战争与毁灭，我不得不接受一个残酷的事实：美国队长不会赶来救援。世上没有超人、蝙蝠侠、神奇女侠、黑寡妇、复仇者联盟、正义联盟、甘道夫、哈利·波特，也没有海王。如果我们要从疫情、战争、气候变化、贫困、种族主义、极端主义和不宽容中拯救世界，那么麻省理工学院的你们，这些卓越的头脑，就必须承担起拯救世界的责任。
But, as remarkable as you are—your intellect and talent alone will not be sufficient. I have seen my share of real heroes, on the battlefields in Iraq and Afghanistan, in the hospitals fighting COVID 19, on the streets keeping America safe and open—and I know that there are other qualities necessary to be today’s hero. So, if you will bear with this old sailor for a minute or two, I would like to offer some thoughts on the other qualities you will need to help save the world. 但无论你们多么出色，仅靠智力和才华还不够。我在伊拉克和阿富汗的战场上、在抗击新冠疫情的医院里、在维护美国安全与开放的街道上，见过许多真正的英雄。我知道，要成为今天的英雄，还需要其他品质。所以，请容这位老水手占用你们一两分钟，谈谈要帮助拯救世界，还需要具备哪些品质。
First, you must have courage. Winston Churchill once said that courage was the most important quality of all because it guaranteed all the rest. He was not just talking about the physical courage to charge the hill, run into a burning building, or stop a madman with a gun. He was also talking about moral courage. The courage to stand up for your convictions. Physical courage has long been the hallmark of a great warrior, but I would offer that the moral courage to stand up for what’s right has an equal place in the pantheon of heroes. 首先，你们必须有勇气。温斯顿·丘吉尔曾说，勇气是所有品质中最重要的，因为有了勇气，其他品质才有保障。他说的不只是冲上山头、闯进火场，或阻止持枪狂徒的身体勇气，也包括道德勇气：为自己的信念挺身而出的勇气。身体勇气长期以来是伟大战士的标志；但我认为，为正确的事挺身而出的道德勇气，同样应在英雄之列占有一席之地。
If you hope to save the world you will have to standby your convictions. You will have to confront the ignorant with facts. You will have to challenge the zealots with reason. You will have to defy the naysayers and the weak-kneed who have not the constitution to stand tall. You will have to speak truth to power. 如果你们希望拯救世界，就必须坚守自己的信念。你们必须用事实面对无知，用理性挑战狂热分子；必须反抗那些唱衰者和缺乏挺身而出勇气的人；必须敢于对权力讲真话。
But if your cause is good and decent and worthy and honorable and has the possibility of saving even one of God creatures, then you must do what all heroes do. You must summons the courage to fight and fight hard for your convictions. You must yell them from the mountaintop. You must shout them from the lectern. You must write in bold, cursive and underlined phrases. You must bring your convictions out from the darkness and the subtly of your heart—into the light of day. They must be made public and challenged and confronted and argued. 如果你们的事业善良、正派、值得追求、光荣，甚至可能挽救上帝创造的一个生命，那么你们就必须像所有英雄那样行动。你们必须鼓起勇气，为信念奋力抗争；在山顶高声呼喊，在讲台上大声宣讲，用粗体、手写体和下划线把它写出来。你们必须把藏在心底阴影里、尚未明言的信念带到阳光下，让它公开接受挑战、质询和辩论。
There will always be those who don’t want to hear your convictions. Particularly if they are true. 总会有人不愿听你们的信念，尤其当它们是真话的时候。
Speaking the truth can be dangerous at times. But those that came before you, Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Madam Curie, Grace Hopper and Katherine Johnson—those brilliant minds, those tellers of truth, who made the world a more knowledgeable place, a more compassionate place, a more livable place, they had courage. If you are going to save the world, you will need courage. 说真话有时会很危险。但在你们之前，哥白尼、伽利略、开普勒、居里夫人、格蕾丝·霍珀和凯瑟琳·约翰逊——这些卓越的头脑和真相的讲述者，让世界变得更有知识、更富同情心、更适合人类生活。他们拥有勇气。如果你们要拯救世界，你们也需要勇气。
If you are going to save the world, you will need to be humble. In my career I have been blessed to be around some great minds. I have seen how the brilliant men and women have helped eradicate disease, reduce poverty, create technological masterpieces but, conversely I have seen how the misguided geniuses, filled with conceit and convinced of their own righteousness have tampered with nature, built apocalyptic machines, dehumanized social interaction and tilted toward tyranny. If you do not approach the world with humility, it will find a way to humble you quickly. 如果你们要拯救世界，还必须保持谦逊。职业生涯中，我有幸与一些伟大的头脑共事。我见过才华横溢的人们帮助根除疾病、减少贫困、创造技术杰作；相反，也见过被自负蒙蔽、坚信自己绝对正确的天才扰乱自然、造出可能毁灭世界的机器、使人与人的交往失去人性，并走向暴政。如果你不以谦卑的态度面对世界，世界很快就会让你低下头。
I found in my time in the military, that no experience on earth was more humbling than combat. The crucible of war teaches you everyday that you are not invincible—that the enemy in bare feet and carrying only Kalashnikovs can sometimes defeat the best soldiers and the best technology in the world. 在我的军旅生涯中，我发现世上没有什么经历比战斗更让人懂得谦卑。战争的熔炉每天都提醒你：你并非不可战胜。赤脚、只携带卡拉什尼科夫步枪的敌人，有时也能打败世界上最优秀的士兵和最先进的技术。
And if you believe for a moment that you are superior, you will be humbled quickly. But if you approach every mission with a decent respect for the mountains, the rivers, the oceans and the enemy—you are more likely to succeed. 只要你有一瞬间相信自己高人一等，现实就会迅速让你谦卑下来。反之，如果执行每项任务时，你都对山川、河流、海洋和敌人抱有应有的尊重，成功的机会就会更大。
In Plato’s great rendition of Socrates Apology, Socrates defends the charges against him by telling the jury of Athenian nobles that he is the wisest man in the world—far wiser than any of the robed men sitting in judgment. When questioned about how he could be so bold as to make this statement, Socrates says, that he is the wisest because he knows so very little of the world. To solve the world’s problems you will have to realize how little you know. You must be able to look to the stars, peer through a microscope, gaze at the ocean—and be humbled. 在柏拉图记述的《苏格拉底的申辩》中，苏格拉底面对雅典贵族陪审员的指控，辩称自己是世上最有智慧的人，比那些身穿长袍、审判他的人更有智慧。当被问及何以如此大胆时，他说，自己之所以最有智慧，正是因为知道自己对世界知之甚少。要解决世界的问题，你们必须认识到自己所知多么有限。仰望星空、透过显微镜观察、凝视海洋时，你们都应心怀谦卑。
To believe for even a moment that you have all the answers, that you know the truth of the universe, that you are wiser than all the men and women who came before you is the tale of every great man and woman—who amounted to nothing. Only when you are humble, only when you realize the limits of your understanding, the shortfalls of your knowledge, the boundaries of your intellect—only then can you find the answers you are seeking. 哪怕只在一瞬间相信自己掌握了所有答案、知道宇宙的真理、比所有前人都更聪明，便会重蹈那些最终一事无成的伟人覆辙。只有保持谦卑，认识到自己理解力的界限、知识的不足和智力的边界，才能找到所寻求的答案。
If you are going to save the world you must persevere through the difficult times. Life as a SEAL is all about perseverance. Can you make it through SEAL training without ringing the bell? Can you make it through the long family separations, the exhausting deployments, the loss of a fellow warrior in combat? Sometimes saving the world is just about holding on. Never quitting no matter what obstacles face you. 如果你们要拯救世界，就必须熬过艰难时期。海豹突击队员的生活，核心就是坚持。训练时，你能不敲响退出的铃铛，坚持到最后吗？与家人长期分离、精疲力竭的部署，以及战友在战斗中牺牲，你能承受吗？有时，拯救世界就是咬牙撑下去；无论遇到什么障碍，永不放弃。
A good friend of mine and a fellow Longhorn from the University of Texas, graduated in 1969 and pursued a career in medicine. His mother had died of Lymphoma when he was eleven and he was obsessed with finding a cure. For decades he pursued an idea that most in the medical field dismissed as fantasy. Could the human body really use its own immune system to fight cancer. He never gave up on his pursuit and in 2018, Dr. Jim Allison was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine. 我有一位好友，也是德克萨斯大学的校友，1969年毕业后投身医学。他十一岁时母亲死于淋巴瘤，从此一心想找到治疗方法。几十年来，他追寻一个被医学界大多数人视为幻想的想法：人体真能利用自身免疫系统抗击癌症吗？他从未放弃。2018年，吉姆·艾利森博士获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
There are the occasional great men and women of science who changed history at an early age, but most discoveries, most achievements, most triumphs are the product of a long and painful process and only the most resolute, the ones that can persevere through the failure, the rejection, the ridicule, the emotional and physical strain of time—those are the ones most likely to save the world. 确实，偶尔会有伟大的科学家在年轻时就改变历史；但绝大多数发现、成就和胜利，都来自漫长而痛苦的过程。只有最坚定的人，那些能熬过失败、拒绝、嘲笑以及长年累月的身心煎熬的人，才最有可能拯救世界。
If you hope to save the world, you must be prepared to sacrifice. The special operation forces are filled with memorials of remarkable men and women who gave their all in the defense of the nation. Medal of Honor recipients like Mike Murphy, Mike Monsoor, John Chapman and Robby Miller. Remarkable women like Ashley White and Jennifer Moreno. The heroes of helicopters Turbine 33 and Extortion 17—SEALs and soldiers who answered the call and never returned. All great Americans who sacrificed their lives so that their teammates might live. 如果希望拯救世界，你们必须做好牺牲的准备。特种作战部队有许多纪念碑，纪念那些为保卫国家付出一切的杰出男女。有迈克·墨菲、迈克·蒙苏尔、约翰·查普曼和罗比·米勒等荣誉勋章获得者；有阿什莉·怀特和詹妮弗·莫雷诺等杰出女性；还有“涡轮33号”和“敲诈17号”直升机上的英雄——那些响应召唤、再也没有归来的海豹突击队员和士兵。他们都是伟大的美国人，牺牲自己的生命，让战友得以活下来。
But, there is a more mundane, yet still essential sacrifice, that is required if you want to want to save the world. As SEALs we train every day. Long tortuous hours of hard physical pain, ruck sac marches, open ocean swims, miles of running and hours of calisthenics. They are all sacrifices necessary to be ready—when the world needs you. 不过，如果想拯救世界，还需要一种更平凡、却同样不可或缺的牺牲。身为海豹突击队员，我们每天训练：长时间、艰苦而疼痛的体能练习，负重行军，在开阔海域游泳，长距离奔跑，连续数小时做徒手操。这些都是必要的付出，为的是在世界需要我们时做好准备。
In his time, Thomas Edison developed 1,500 patents. From the electric light, to the phonograph, to the movie camera, to the vacuum diode and the carbon microphone. He saved the world from darkness. But in doing so it required him to work 20 hour days, his home front was often strained, his other business ventures struggled to survive and his health always seemingly in jeopardy. 托马斯·爱迪生一生取得了一千五百项专利，从电灯、留声机到电影摄影机、真空二极管和碳麦克风。他将世界从黑暗中解救出来。但为此，他每天工作二十小时，家庭生活常常紧张，其他生意勉强维持，健康似乎也总处于危险之中。
It would be easy to stand up here and tell you that there is wondrous place where you can be great at both work… and life, where your efforts to make a difference in the world come easy—but I have never found that place. In the end, if your goal is a noble one, then your sacrifice will be worth it. And you will be proud of what you have accomplished. 我可以轻而易举地站在这里告诉你们，有一个神奇的地方，能让你们既在工作中卓越，又把生活过得完美；在那里，为世界带来改变毫不费力。但我从未找到过那样的地方。归根结底，如果目标崇高，你所作的牺牲便值得；你也会为自己取得的成就感到自豪。
To save the world, you will have to be men and women of great integrity. Always trying to do what is moral, legal and ethical. It will not be easy and I dare say, you will fail occasionally. You will fail because you are human. You will fail because life often forces you into a seemingly untenable position. You will fail because good and evil are always in conflict. 要拯救世界，你们必须成为极有操守的人，始终努力去做在道德、法律和伦理上正确的事。这不会容易；我敢说，你们偶尔会失败。因为你们是人，所以会失败；因为生活常把人逼入看似进退两难的境地，所以会失败；因为善与恶始终在冲突，所以也会失败。
And when you fail to uphold your integrity, it should make you sick to your stomach. It should give you sleepless nights. You should be so tortured that you promise yourself never to do it again. You see, being a hero will not be easy. It will not be easy because, you are not men and women of steel, you are not cloaked in a suit of armor, you are not infused with unearthly powers—you are real heroes. And what makes real heroes are their struggles and their ability to overcome them. 当你没能坚守操守时，应该感到胃里翻腾、夜不能寐。你应该痛苦到向自己发誓，再也不犯同样的错。要知道，成为英雄并不容易。你们不是钢铁之躯，没有盔甲护身，也没有超凡力量；你们是真实的英雄。真正成就英雄的，是他们经历的挣扎，以及克服挣扎的能力。
But no matter how mightily you might struggle, the world will believe in you, follow you, allow themselves to be saved—if they know you to be honest, trustworthy, of good character and good faith. Men and women of integrity. 但不管你们经历多么艰苦的挣扎，只要世人知道你们诚实可信、品格端正、出于善意，他们就会相信你们、追随你们，并愿意让你们帮助他们得救。你们必须成为有操守的人。
Finally, to save the world, you must have compassion. You must ache for the poor and disenfranchised. You must fear for the vulnerable. You must weep for the ill and infirmed. You must pray for those who are without hope. You must be kind to less fortunate. For what hero gives so much of themselves, without caring for those they are trying to save. 最后，要拯救世界，你们必须怀有同情心。你们要为穷人和被剥夺权利的人心痛，为脆弱的人担忧，为病弱的人流泪，为绝望的人祈祷，善待不如自己幸运的人。若对想要拯救的人毫不关心，英雄又怎会为他们付出这么多？
As we sign off from this virtual commencement, I want you to promise me one thing. 在这场线上毕业典礼即将结束时，我想请你们答应我一件事。
Promise me that you will be the last class—the last class to miss a commencement—because of a pandemic. The last class—to miss a commencement—because of war. The last class—to miss a commencement—because of climate change, unrest, tyranny, extremism, active shooters, intolerance and apathy. 答应我，你们将是最后一届因为疫情而错过毕业典礼的学生；最后一届因为战争而错过毕业典礼的学生；最后一届因为气候变化、社会动荡、暴政、极端主义、枪击事件、不宽容和冷漠而错过毕业典礼的学生。
Batman and Superman are not coming to save the world. It will be up to you. But never, never in my life, have I been so confident that the fate of the world is in good hands. Go forth and be the heroes we need you to be. 蝙蝠侠和超人不会来拯救世界。这件事要靠你们。但我一生中从未像现在这样确信：世界的命运交到了可靠的人手里。出发吧，成为我们需要的英雄。
Thank you and congratulations! 谢谢你们，祝贺你们！