Mr. President, Dr. Conant, members of the Board of Overseers, Ladies and Gentlemen: 校长先生、科南特博士、校监委员会各位成员、女士们、先生们：
I am profoundly grateful, touched by the great distinction and honor and great compliment accorded me by the authorities of Harvard this morning. I am overwhelmed, as a matter of fact, and I am rather fearful of my inability to maintain such a high rating as you've been generous enough to accord to me. In these historic and lovely surroundings, this perfect day, and this very wonderful assembly, it is a tremendously impressive thing to an individual in my position. 我深感荣幸，对哈佛校方今天上午给予我的崇高荣誉、盛情款待和高度赞美深为感动。事实上，我受宠若惊，甚至有些担心自己是否配得上诸位如此慷慨给予我的崇高评价。身处这样富有历史意义的优美环境之中，在这样完美的日子里，面对如此盛大而杰出的集会，对于我这样一个人来说，这确实是一个令人无比激动的时刻。
But to speak more seriously, I need not tell you that the world situation is very serious. That must be apparent to all intelligent people. I think one difficulty is that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. 不过，言归正传，我无需告诉诸位，世界形势非常严峻。这对于所有有识之士而言都是显而易见的。我认为，困难之一在于这个问题极其复杂，报纸和广播向公众呈现的大量事实，使普通民众极难对形势作出清晰的判断。
Furthermore, the people of this country are distant from the troubled areas of the earth, and it is hard for them to comprehend the plight and consequent reactions of the long-suffering peoples of Europe and the effect of those reactions on their governments in connection with our efforts to promote peace in the world. 再者，我国人民远离地球上的战乱地区，他们很难理解长期受苦的欧洲人民所处的困境及其必然产生的反应，也很难理解这些反应对各国政府在我们促进世界和平的努力方面所产生的影响。
In considering the requirements for the rehabilitation of Europe, the physical loss of life, the visible destruction of cities, factories, mines, and railroads was correctly estimated, but it has become obvious during recent months that this visible destruction was probably less serious than the dislocation of the entire fabric of European economy. For the past ten years conditions have been highly abnormal. 在考虑欧洲复兴的需求时，我们正确估算了生命的损失，以及城市、工厂、矿山和铁路所遭受的有形破坏，但近几个月来已显而易见的是，这种有形的破坏可能还不如整个欧洲经济结构的错位来得严重。过去十年间，局势一直极不正常。
The feverish preparation for war and the more feverish maintenance of the war effort engulfed all aspects of national economies. Machinery has fallen into disrepair or is entirely obsolete. Under the arbitrary and destructive Nazi rule, virtually every possible enterprise was geared into the German war machine. 狂热的战争准备以及更为狂热的战时维持，吞噬了各国经济的方方面面。机械设备年久失修，或已完全过时。在纳粹专横而破坏性的统治下，几乎所有可能的企业都被纳入德国的战争机器。
Long-standing commercial ties, private institutions, banks, insurance companies, and shipping companies disappeared through loss of capital, absorption through nationalization, or by simple destruction. In many countries, confidence in the local currency has been severely shaken. 长期建立的商业联系、私人机构、银行、保险公司和航运公司，或因资本损失、或因国有化吞并、或因直接破坏而消失殆尽。在许多国家，人们对本国货币的信心已严重动摇。
The breakdown of the business structure of Europe during the war was complete. Recovery has been seriously retarded by the fact that two years after the close of hostilities a peace settlement with Germany and Austria has not been agreed upon. But even given a more prompt solution of these difficult problems, the rehabilitation of the economic structure of Europe quite evidently will require a much longer time and greater effort than had been foreseen. 战争期间，欧洲商业结构的崩溃是彻底的。敌对行动结束已有两年，但与德国和奥地利的和平协议仍未达成，这严重阻碍了复苏。然而，即便这些难题能够得到更为迅速的解决，欧洲经济结构的重建显然也将需要比预期更长的时间和更大的努力。
There is a phase of this matter which is both interesting and serious. The farmer has always produced the foodstuffs to exchange with the city dweller for the other necessities of life. This division of labor is the basis of modern civilization. At the present time it is threatened with breakdown. The town and city industries are not producing adequate goods to exchange with the food-producing farmer. Raw materials and fuel are in short supply. 这件事有一个既耐人寻味又令人担忧的方面。农民历来生产粮食，与城市居民交换其他生活必需品。这种劳动分工是现代文明的基础。目前，这种分工正面临崩溃的威胁。城镇工业无法生产足够的商品来与生产粮食的农民进行交换。原材料和燃料供应短缺。
Machinery, as I have said, is lacking or worn out. The farmer or the peasant cannot find the goods for sale which he desires to purchase. So the sale of his farm produce for money which he cannot use seems to him an unprofitable transaction. He, therefore, has withdrawn many fields from crop cultivation and he's using them for grazing. He feeds more grain to stock and finds for himself and his family an ample supply of food, however short he may be on clothing and the other ordinary gadgets of civilization. 如我所言，机械设备要么匮乏，要么破旧不堪。农民或农夫找不到他们想要购买的商品。因此，出售农产品换回无法使用的货币，在他们看来是一桩无利可图的交易。于是，他们将许多耕地退出作物种植，改作牧场。他们用更多的谷物喂养牲畜，为自己和家人提供充足的食物，尽管衣物和其他文明生活的日常用品可能十分匮乏。
Meanwhile, people in the cities are short of food and fuel, and in some places approaching the starvation levels. So, the governments are forced to use their foreign money and credits to procure these necessities abroad. This process exhausts funds which are urgently needed for reconstruction. 与此同时，城市居民缺乏食物和燃料，在某些地方已接近饥荒水平。因此，各国政府被迫动用外汇和信贷从国外采购这些必需品。这一过程耗尽了重建工作急需的资金。
Thus, a very serious situation is rapidly developing which bodes no good for the world. The modern system of the division of labor upon which the exchange of products is based is in danger of breaking down. The truth of the matter is that Europe's requirements for the next three or four years of foreign food and other essential products -- principally from America -- are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial additional help or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character. 于是，一种非常严峻的局势正在迅速形成，这对世界毫无益处。现代产品交换所依赖的劳动分工制度面临崩溃的危险。事实的真相是，欧洲在未来三四年内对外国粮食和其他基本产品——主要来自美国——的需求，远远超过了它目前的支付能力，因此它必须获得大量额外援助，否则将面临极其严重的经济、社会和政治恶化。
The remedy seems to lie in breaking the vicious circle and restoring the confidence of the people of Europe in the economic future of their own countries and of Europe as a whole. The manufacturer and the farmer throughout wide areas must be able and willing to exchange their product for currencies, the continuing value of which is not open to question. 解决之道似乎在于打破这一恶性循环，恢复欧洲人民对各自国家以及整个欧洲经济前景的信心。广大地区的制造商和农民必须能够并且愿意将其产品换取币值稳定、毋庸置疑的货币。
Aside from the demoralizing effect on the world at large and the possibilities of disturbances arising as a result of the desperation of the people concerned, the consequences to the economy of the United States should be apparent to all. It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace. 除了对整个世界造成的士气低落影响以及相关民众因绝望而可能引发动乱之外，这种情况对美国经济的后果也应该是显而易见的。美国应该尽其所能，帮助世界恢复正常的经济状态，这是合乎逻辑的。没有正常的经济状态，就不可能有政治稳定，也不可能有可靠的和平。
Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist. 我们的政策不是针对任何国家或任何主义，而是针对饥饿、贫穷、绝望和混乱。我们政策的目的应该是恢复世界上行之有效的经济制度，从而使自由制度赖以存在的政治和社会条件能够出现。
Such assistance, I am convinced, must not be on a piecemeal basis, as various crises develop. Any assistance that this Government may render in the future should provide a cure rather than a mere palliative. Any government that is willing to assist in the task of recovery will find full cooperation, I am sure, on the part of the United States Government. 我深信，这种援助绝不能像处理各种危机那样，采取零敲碎打的方式。我国政府今后提供的任何援助都应该是治本之策，而不仅仅是治标之举。我相信，任何愿意协助重建工作的政府，都会得到美国政府的充分合作。
Any government which maneuvers to block the recovery of other countries cannot expect help from us. Furthermore, governments, political parties, or groups which seek to perpetuate human misery in order to profit therefrom politically or otherwise will encounter the opposition of the United States. 任何试图阻挠其他国家复兴的政府，都不能指望得到我们的帮助。此外，任何试图延续人类苦难以便从中谋取政治或其他利益的政府、政党或团体，都将遭到美国的反对。
It is already evident that before the United States Government can proceed much further in its efforts to alleviate the situation and help start the European world on its way to recovery, there must be some agreement among the countries of Europe as to the requirements of the situation and the part those countries themselves will take in order to give a proper effect to whatever actions might be undertaken by this Government. 显而易见的是，在美国政府进一步采取行动缓解局势、帮助欧洲走上复苏道路之前，欧洲各国之间必须就当前形势的要求以及这些国家自身将发挥的作用达成某种协议，以使我国政府可能采取的任何行动能够产生应有的效果。
It would be neither fitting nor efficacious for our Government to undertake to draw up unilaterally a program designed to place Europe on its feet economically. This is the business of the Europeans. The initiative, I think, must come from Europe. 由我国政府单方面拟定一项旨在使欧洲经济自立的方案，既不恰当，也不会有效。这是欧洲人自己的事情。我认为，倡议必须来自欧洲。
The role of this country should consist of friendly aid in the drafting of a European program and of later support of such a program so far as it may be practical for us to do so. The program should be a joint one, agreed to by a number, if not all, European nations. 我国的作用应该是在制定欧洲方案时提供友好援助，并在我们切实可行的范围内，对这样一个方案给予后续支持。该方案应该是一个联合方案，由一部分——如果不是全部——欧洲国家共同商定。
An essential part of any successful action on the part of the United States is an understanding on the part of the people of America of the character of the problem and the remedies to be applied. Political passion and prejudice should have no part. With foresight, and a willingness on the part of our people to face up to the vast responsibility which history has clearly placed upon our country, the difficulties I have outlined can and will be overcome. 美国方面采取任何成功行动的一个必要条件，是美国人民了解问题的性质以及需要采取的补救措施。政治热情和偏见不应有立足之地。只要我们的人民有远见，愿意承担历史已明确赋予我国的巨大责任，我所概述的这些困难就能够而且必将被克服。
I am sorry that on each occasion I have said something publicly in regard to our international situation, I have been forced by the necessities of the case to enter into rather technical discussions. But, to my mind, it is of vast importance that our people reach some general understanding of what the complications really are, rather than react from a passion or a prejudice or an emotion of the moment. 遗憾的是，每次我就国际局势公开发表讲话时，出于实际需要，我都不得不进行相当技术性的讨论。但在我看来，至关重要的是，我们的人民应当对问题的真正复杂性达成某种普遍的共识，而不是被一时的激情、偏见或情绪所左右。
As I said more formally a moment ago, we are remote from the scene of these troubles. It is virtually impossible at this distance merely by reading, or listening, or even seeing photographs and motion pictures, to grasp at all the real significance of the situation. And yet the whole world of the future hangs on a proper judgment. 正如我刚才较为正式地谈到的，我们远离这些战乱的发生地。隔着如此遥远的距离，仅仅通过阅读、聆听，甚至观看照片和电影，几乎不可能完全把握局势的真正意义。然而，未来整个世界的命运取决于正确的判断。
It hangs, I think, to a large extent on the realization of the American people, of just what are the various dominant factors. What are the reactions of the people? What are the justifications of those reactions? What are the sufferings? What is needed? What can best be done? What must be done? 我认为，这在很大程度上取决于美国人民能否认识到，究竟哪些才是各种主导因素。人民的反应是什么？这些反应的合理性何在？他们遭受的苦难是什么？需要什么？怎样做才最合适？必须做些什么？
Thank you very much. 非常感谢诸位。