When going down the Tigris and Euphrates rivers many years ago with a party of English travelers I found myself under the direction of an old Arab guide whom we hired up at Baghdad, and I have often thought how that guide resembled our barbers in certain mental characteristics. He thought that it was not only his duty to guide us down those rivers, and do what he was paid for doing, but to entertain us with stories curious and weird, ancient and modern strange, and familiar. 许多年前，我与一群英国旅行者沿底格里斯河和幼发拉底河顺流而下，由一位我们在巴格达雇来的老阿拉伯向导带领。我常想，那位向导在某些心理特征上多么像我们的理发师。他认为自己的职责不仅是引导我们沿河而行、做他受雇该做的事，还要用稀奇古怪、古今中外、既陌生又熟悉的故事来娱乐我们。
Many of them I have forgotten, and I am glad I have, but there is one I shall never forget. The old guide was leading my camel by its halter along the banks of those ancient rivers, and he told me story after story until I grew weary of his story-telling and ceased to listen. But I remember that he took off his Turkish cap and swung it in a circle to get my attention. 这些故事很多我都已经忘了，我也很高兴自己忘了，但有一个我永远也不会忘记。老向导牵着骆驼的缰绳沿那些古老的河岸行走，给我讲了一个又一个故事，直到我厌倦了他的讲述，不再倾听。但我记得他摘下土耳其帽，在空中转圈挥舞以引起我的注意。
I could see it through the corner of my eye, but I determined not to look straight at him for fear he would tell another story. But although I am not a woman, I did finally look, and as soon as I did he went right into another story. Said he, "I will tell you a story now which I reserve for my particular friends." When he emphasized the words "particular friends," I listened, and I have ever been glad I did. 我能从眼角余光看到他的动作，但我决心不直视他，生怕他又讲一个故事。不过，虽然我不是女人，最终还是看了他一眼，而就在我看的瞬间，他立刻又开始了另一个故事。他说："我现在要给你讲一个我专门留给特别朋友的故事。"当他强调"特别朋友"这几个字时，我开始倾听，并且一直庆幸自己这样做了。
I really feel devoutly thankful that there are 1,674 young men who have been carried through college by this lecture who are also glad that I did listen. The old guide told me that there once lived not far from the River Indus an ancient Persian by the name of Ali Hafed. He said that Ali Hafed owned a very large farm; that he had orchards, grain-fields, and gardens; that he had money at interest and was a wealthy and contented man. 我由衷感激的是，有1674名年轻人通过这场演讲完成了大学学业，他们也庆幸我当时倾听了那个故事。老向导告诉我，从前在离印度河不远的地方住着一位名叫阿里·哈菲德的古波斯人。他说阿里·哈菲德拥有一座很大的农场，有果园、麦田和花园，有钱生息，是个富有而知足的人。
One day there visited that old Persian farmer one of those ancient Buddhist priests, one of the wise men of the East. He sat down by the fire and told the old farmer how this old world of ours was made. He said that this world was once a mere bank of fog, and that the Almighty thrust His finger into this bank of fog, and began slowly to move His finger around, increasing the speed until at last He whirled this bank of fog into a solid ball of fire. 有一天，一位古老的佛教祭司——东方智者之一——拜访了这位老波斯农夫。他在火边坐下，告诉老农夫我们这个古老的世界是如何形成的。他说这个世界曾经只是一团雾，全能者将手指插入这团雾中，开始缓缓转动手指，越转越快，最后将这团雾旋成了一个固态的火球。
Then it went rolling through the universe, burning its way through other banks of fog, and condensed the moisture without, until it fell in floods of rain upon its hot surface, and cooled the outward crust. Then the internal fires bursting outward through the crust threw up the mountains and hills, the valleys, the plains and prairies of this wonderful world of ours. 然后它滚动着穿过宇宙，在其他雾团中燃烧穿行，使外部的水汽凝结，直到大雨倾盆落在它炽热的表面，冷却了外层地壳。接着，内部烈火冲破地壳喷涌而出，形成了我们这个奇妙世界的群山峻岭、山谷、平原和草原。
If this internal molten mass came bursting out and cooled very quickly, it became granite; less quickly copper, less quickly silver, less quickly gold, and, after gold, diamonds were made. Said the old priest, "A diamond is a congealed drop of sunlight." Now that is literally scientifically true, that a diamond is an actual deposit of carbon from the sun. 如果这内部熔融的物质喷发出来后冷却得非常快，就变成了花岗岩；稍慢一些是铜，再慢一些是银，更慢一些是金，而金之后形成的便是钻石。老祭司说："钻石是一滴凝固的阳光。"这在科学上确实是正确的，因为钻石实际上是来自太阳的碳元素沉积物。
The old priest told Ali Hafed that if he had one diamond the size of his thumb he could purchase the county, and if he had a mine of diamonds he could place his children upon thrones through the influence of their great wealth. Ali Hafed heard all about diamonds, how much they were worth, and went to his bed that night a poor man. He had not lost anything, but he was poor because he was discontented, and discontented because he feared he was poor. 老祭司告诉阿里·哈菲德，如果他有一颗拇指大小的钻石，就能买下整个县；如果他有一座钻石矿，就能凭巨大的财富影响力让他的孩子们登上王位。阿里·哈菲德听了一切关于钻石的事，知道了它们的价值，那天晚上上床时成了一个穷人。他什么都没失去，但他穷是因为他不满足，不满足是因为他害怕自己穷。
He said, "I want a mine of diamonds," and he lay awake all night. Early in the morning he sought out the priest. I know by experience that a priest is very cross when awakened early in the morning, and when he shook that old priest out of his dreams, Ali Hafed said to him: "Will you tell me where I find diamonds?" "Diamonds! What do you want with diamonds?" "Why, I wish to be immensely rich." 他说："我想要一座钻石矿。"他整夜未眠。一大早他就去找那位祭司。我从经验知道，祭司被一大早叫醒时脾气很坏。当他把老祭司从梦中摇醒时，阿里·哈菲德对他说："你能告诉我哪里能找到钻石吗？""钻石！你要钻石做什么？""嗯，我想发大财。"
"Well, then, go along and find them. That is all you have to do; go and find them, and then you have them." "But I don't know where to go." "Well, if you will find a river that runs through white sands, between high mountains, in those white sands you will always find diamonds." "I don't believe there is any such river." "Oh yes, there are plenty of them. All you have to do is to go and find them, and then you have them." Said Ali Hafed, "I will go." "那好，去找吧。你要做的就这些；去找，就能得到。""但我不知道去哪里找。""嗯，如果你能找到一条流经白色沙地、夹在高耸山脉之间的河流，在那些白沙中你总能找到钻石。""我不相信有这样的河。""哦，有的，多的是。你要做的就是去找，然后就能得到。"阿里·哈菲德说："我会去的。"
So he sold his farm, collected his money, left his family in charge of a neighbor, and away he went in search of diamonds. He began his search, very properly to my mind, at the Mountains of the Moon. Afterward he came around into Palestine, then wandered on into Europe, and at last when his money was all spent and he was in rags, wretchedness, and poverty, he stood on the shore of that bay at Barcelona, in Spain. 于是他卖掉农场，凑集了钱，把家人托付给邻居照看，就出发去寻找钻石了。在我看来，他非常得体地从月亮山脉开始搜寻。之后他绕道巴勒斯坦，又流浪到欧洲，最后当钱花光、衣衫褴褛、穷困潦倒时，他站在了西班牙巴塞罗那海湾的岸边。
A great tidal wave came rolling in between the pillars of Hercules, and the poor, afflicted, suffering, dying man could not resist the awful temptation to cast himself into that incoming tide, and he sank beneath its foaming crest, never to rise in this life again. Then after that old guide had told me that awfully sad story, he stopped the camel I was riding on and went back to fix the baggage that was coming off another camel, and I had an opportunity to muse over his story while he was gone. 一股巨大的潮汐从赫拉克勒斯之柱间涌入，这个可怜、痛苦、受折磨、垂死的人无法抵挡那可怕的诱惑，纵身跳入涨潮的海水中，沉入翻腾的浪峰之下，今生再未浮起。老向导讲完这个悲伤的故事后，停下我骑的骆驼，回头去修理另一头骆驼上掉落的行李，趁他离开时我有机会细细回味他的故事。
I remember saying to myself, "Why did he reserve that story for his 'particular friends'?" There seemed to be no beginning, no middle, no end, nothing to it. That was the first story I had ever heard told in my life, in which the hero was killed in the first chapter. I had but one chapter of that story, and the hero was dead. 我记得对自己说："他为什么要把这个故事留给'特别朋友'呢？"这故事似乎没有开头、没有中间、没有结尾，什么也没有。那是我平生听到的第一个主角在第一章就死去的故事。我只听到了故事的一章，而主角已经死了。
When the guide came back and took up the halter of my camel, he went right ahead with the story, into the second chapter, just as though there had been no break. The man who purchased Ali Hafed's farm one day led his camel into the garden to drink, and as that camel put its nose into the shallow water of that garden brook, Ali Hafed's successor noticed a curious flash of light from the white sands of the stream. 向导回来后，拿起我骆驼的缰绳，继续讲故事的第二章，仿佛从未中断过。买下阿里·哈菲德农场的那个人有一天牵骆驼到花园饮水，当骆驼把鼻子伸进花园小溪的浅水中时，阿里·哈菲德的继任者注意到溪流白沙中有一道奇特的闪光。
He pulled out a black stone having an eye of light reflecting all the hues of the rainbow. He took the pebble into the house and put it on the mantel which covers the central fires, and forgot all about it. A few days later this same old priest came in to visit Ali Hafed's successor, and the moment he opened that drawing-room door he saw that flash of light on the mantel, and he rushed up to it, and shouted: "Here is a diamond! Has Ali Hafed returned?" 他掏出一块黑色的石头，上面有一只反射着彩虹所有色调的光眼。他把这块鹅卵石带进屋里，放在覆盖中央炉火的壁炉架上，然后就把它忘了。几天后，同一位老祭司来拜访阿里·哈菲德的继任者，他一推开客厅门就看到壁炉架上的闪光，冲上去大喊："这是一颗钻石！阿里·哈菲德回来了吗？"
"Oh no, Ali Hafed has not returned, and that is not a diamond. That is nothing but a stone we found right out here in our own garden." "But," said the priest, "I tell you I know a diamond when I see it. I know positively that is a diamond." Then together they rushed out into that old garden and stirred up the white sands with their fingers, and lo! There came up other more beautiful and valuable gems then the first. "哦，没有，阿里·哈菲德没有回来，而且那不是钻石。那不过是我们从自家花园里捡到的一块石头。""但是，"祭司说，"我告诉你，我见到钻石就认识。我肯定那是一颗钻石。"然后他们一起冲进那个老花园，用手指翻动白沙，看啊！出现了比第一颗更美丽、更珍贵的宝石。
"Thus," said the guide to me, "was discovered the diamond-mine of Golconda, the most magnificent diamond-mine in all the history of mankind, excelling the Kimberly itself. The Kohinoor, and the Orloff of the crown jewels of England and Russia, the largest on earth, came from that mine." When that old Arab guide told me the second chapter of his story, he then took off his Turkish cap and swung it around in the air again to get my attention to the moral. "就这样，"向导对我说，"发现了戈尔康达钻石矿，人类历史上最壮观的钻石矿，胜过金伯利矿本身。地球上最大的钻石——英国和俄罗斯皇冠珠宝中的库利南和奥尔洛夫钻石——都来自那座矿。"老阿拉伯向导讲完故事的第二章后，又摘下土耳其帽在空中挥舞，以引起我对寓意的注意。
Those Arab guides have morals to their stories, although they are not always moral. As he swung his hat, he said to me, "Had Ali Hafed remained at home and dug in his own cellar, or underneath his own wheat fields or in his own garden, instead of wretchedness, starvation, and death by suicide in a strange land, he would have had 'acres of diamonds.' For every acre of that old farm, yes, every shovelful, afterward revealed gems which since have decorated the crowns of monarchs." 那些阿拉伯向导的故事都有寓意，虽然寓意并不总是道德的。他挥舞着帽子对我说："如果阿里·哈菲德留在家里，在自己的地窖里、麦田下或花园里挖掘，而不是在异乡悲惨、饥饿、自杀身亡，他就会拥有'钻石宝地'。那座老农场的每一英亩，是的，每一铲，后来都发现了宝石，这些宝石从此装饰了君主们的皇冠。"
When he had added the moral of his story I saw why he reserved it for "his particular friends." It was that mean old Arab's way of going around a thing like a lawyer, to say indirectly what he did not dare say directly, that "in his private opinion there was a certain young man then traveling down the Tigris River that might better be at home in America." I did not tell him I could see that, but I told it to him quick, and I think I will tell it to you. 当他讲完故事的寓意后，我明白了为什么他把它留给"特别朋友"。那个刻薄的老阿拉伯人像律师一样拐弯抹角，间接地表达他不敢直说的话——"依他私见，当时沿底格里斯河旅行的某个年轻人最好回美国老家去。"我没告诉他我看出了这点，但我立刻反将一军，我想我也该告诉你们。
I told him of a man out in California in 1847, who owned a ranch. He heard they had discovered gold in southern California, and so with a passion for gold he sold his ranch to Colonel Sutter, and away he went, never to come back. Colonel Sutter put a mill upon a stream that ran through that ranch, and one day his little girl brought some wet sand from the raceway into their home and sifted it through her fingers before the fire. 我告诉他1847年加州有个人拥有一座牧场。他听说南加州发现了金子，怀着对黄金的狂热，把牧场卖给了萨特上校，然后一去不返。萨特上校在流经牧场的一条小溪上建了一座磨坊，有一天他的小女儿从水道捞了些湿沙带回家，在火边用手指筛着玩。
In that falling sand a visitor saw the first shining scales of real gold that were ever discovered in California. The man who had owned that ranch wanted gold, and he could have secured it for the mere taking. Indeed, thirty-eight millions of dollars has been taken out of a very few acres since then. About eight years ago I delivered this lecture in a city that stands on that farm, and they told me that a one-third owner for years had been getting one hundred and twenty dollars in gold every fifteen minutes, sleeping or waking, without taxation. 在落下的沙中，一位访客看到了加州有史以来发现的第一片闪亮金屑。那个拥有牧场的人想要金子，他本可以轻易得到。事实上，从那以后，从那几英亩地中已开采出三千八百万美元。大约八年前，我在那座农场所在的城市演讲，他们告诉我一个占三分之一的股东多年来每十五分钟就能得到一百二十美元的金子，无论睡觉还是醒着，还不用纳税。
You and I would enjoy an income like that -- if we didn't have to pay an income tax. But a better illustration really than that occurred here in our town of Pennsylvania. There was a man living in Pennsylvania, not unlike some Pennsylvanians you have seen, who owned a farm, and he did with that farm just what I should do with a farm if I owned one in Pennsylvania - he sold it. 你我都乐于享受那样的收入——如果我们不用交所得税的话。但比那更好的例子其实就发生在我们宾夕法尼亚州。有个人住在宾夕法尼亚，跟你们见过的一些宾州人差不多，他拥有一座农场，而他对那座农场做的事，正是我若在宾州拥有农场也会做的——他把它卖了。
But before he sold it he decided to secure employment collecting coal-oil for his cousin, who was in the business in Canada, where they first discovered oil on this continent. They dipped it from the running streams at that early time. So this Pennsylvania farmer wrote to his cousin asking for employment. You see, friends, this farmer was not altogether a foolish man. He did not leave his farm until he had something else to do. 但在卖掉农场之前，他决定找一份为表哥收集煤油的工作，表哥在加拿大做这行，那里是他们在这个大陆上首次发现石油的地方。早期他们从流淌的溪流中捞取石油。于是这位宾州农夫写信给表哥求职。朋友们，你们看，这个农夫并不完全是傻瓜。他没有在没有找到其他事做之前就离开农场。
Of all the simpletons the stars shine on I don't know of a worse one than the man who leaves one job before he has gotten another. When he wrote to his cousin for employment, his cousin replied, "I cannot engage you because you know nothing about the oil business." Well, then the old farmer said, "I will know," and with most commendable zeal (characteristic of the students of Temple University) he sat himself at the study of the whole subject. 在星光普照的所有蠢人中，我不知道有谁比还没找到下一份工作就辞去上一份工作的人更蠢的了。他写信给表哥求职时，表哥回复说："我不能雇你，因为你对石油生意一窍不通。"于是老农夫说："我会懂的。"他以最令人钦佩的热情（这是坦普尔大学学生的特征）坐下来研究整个课题。
He began away back at the second day of God's creation when this world was covered thick and deep with that rich vegetation which since has turned to the primitive beds of coal. He studied the subject until he found that the drainings really of those rich beds of coal furnished the coal-oil that was worth pumping, and then he found how it came up with the living springs. He studied until he knew what it looked like, smelled like, tasted like, and how to refine it. His cousin answered, "All right, come on." 他从上帝创世第二天开始研究，那时这个世界覆盖着厚厚的一层丰富植被，后来变成了原始煤层。他一直研究直到发现，正是那些富饶煤层的渗出物提供了值得开采的煤油，然后他发现了它是如何随活水泉涌出的。他研究直到知道它的外观、气味、味道，以及如何精炼。表哥回复说："好的，来吧。"
So he sold his farm, according to the county record, for $833 (even money, "no cents"). He had scarcely gone from that place before the man who purchased the spot went out to arrange for the watering of the cattle. He found the previous owner had gone out years before and put a plank across the brook back of the barn, edgewise into the surface of the water just a few inches. 于是他卖掉了农场，据县志记载，卖了833美元（整数，"没零头"）。他刚离开那地方，买下那块地的人就出去安排给牛饮水。他发现前主人多年前就在谷仓后面的小溪上横着放了一块木板，以边沿插入水面几英寸深。
The purpose of that plank at that sharp angle across the brook was to throw over to the other bank a dreadful-looking scum through which the cattle would not put their noses. But with that plank there to throw it all over to one side, the cattle would drink below, and thus that man who had gone to Canada had been himself damming back for twenty-three years a flood of coal-oil which the state geologists of Pennsylvania declared to us ten years later was even then worth a hundred millions of dollars to our state, a thousand millions of dollars. 那块木板以那个陡峭角度横跨小溪，目的是把一层可怕的浮渣挡到对岸，牛不会把鼻子伸进去。但有了那块木板把浮渣全挡到一边，牛就在下游饮水。这样，那个去加拿大的人实际上自己筑坝拦了二十三年的煤油洪流。宾州的地质学家十年后告诉我们，那些石油当时就值我们州一亿美元、全国十亿美元。
The man who owned that territory on which the city to Titusville now stand had studied the subject from the second day of God's creation clear down to the present time. He studied it until he knew all about it, and yet he is said to have sold the whole of it for $833, and again I say, "no sense." But I need another illustration. I found it in Massachusetts, and I am sorry I did because that is the state I came from. 那个拥有提图斯维尔城所在土地的人，从上帝创世第二天一直研究到当代。他研究到无所不知，然而据说他整片卖了833美元，我再说一遍，"没脑子。"但我还需要另一个例子。我在马萨诸塞州找到了一个，我很遗憾找到它，因为那是我出生的州。
This young man in Massachusetts went to Yale College and studied mines and mining, and became such an adept as a mining engineer that he was employed by the authorities of the university to train students who were behind their classes. During his senior years he earned $15 a week for doing that work. When he graduated they raised his pay from $15 to $45 a week, and offered him a professorship, as soon as they did he went right home to his mother. 马萨诸塞州这个年轻人上了耶鲁学院，学习矿业和采矿，成为一名如此熟练的采矿工程师，以至于大学当局雇他培训落后的学生。大四那年他每周挣15美元。毕业时他们把他的薪水从15美元涨到45美元，并给他提供了一个教授职位，他立刻回家找母亲。
If they had raised that boy's pay from $14 to $15.60 he would have stayed and been proud of the place, but when they put it up to $45 at one leap, he said, "Mother, I won't work for $45 a week. The idea of a man with a brain like mine working for $45 a week! Let's go out to California and stake out gold-mines and silver-mines, and be immensely rich." Said his mother, "Now, Charlie, it is just as well to be happy as it is to be rich." 如果他们只把那男孩的薪水从14美元涨到15.60美元，他会留下来并为这个职位感到自豪。但当他们一下子涨到45美元时，他说："妈，我不愿为每周45美元工作。像我这样有头脑的人每周只挣45美元，简直是笑话！我们去加州圈金矿银矿，发大财吧。"母亲说："查理，富有和快乐一样好。"
"Yes," said Charlie, "But it is just as well to be rich and happy too." And they were both right about it. As he was an only son and she a widow, of course he had his way. They sold out in Massachusetts, and instead of going to California they went to Wisconsin, where he went into the employ of the superior Copper Mining Company at $15 a week again, with the proviso that he should have an interest in any mines he should discover for the company. "是的，"查理说，"但既富有又快乐更好。"他们俩说得都对。因为他是独子，她是寡妇，当然他说了算。他们在马萨诸塞卖掉家产，没有去加州，而是去了威斯康星，以每周15美元的薪水受雇于高级铜矿公司，条件是他若为公司发现矿藏可获得股份。
I don't believe he ever discovered a mine. This young man went out there and I have not heard a word from him. But I do know the other end of the line. He had scarcely gotten the other end of the old homestead before the succeeding owner went out to dig potatoes. As the old farmer was bringing in a basket of potatoes it hugged very tight between the ends of the stone fence. You know in Massachusetts our farms are nearly all stone wall. 我不相信他发现过任何矿。这个年轻人去了那里，我再没听到他的消息。但我确实知道故事的另一端。他刚离开老宅的另一头，继任业主就出去挖土豆。老农夫搬着一篮土豆进来时，篮子在石墙两端之间卡得很紧。你们知道，在马萨诸塞我们的农场几乎全是石墙。
When that basket hugged so tight he set it down on the ground, and then dragged on one side, and pulled on the other side, and as he was dragging that basket this farmer noticed in the upper and outer corner of that stone wall, right next the gate, a block of native silver eight inches square. That professor of mines, mining, and mineralogy who knew so much about the subject that he would not work for $45 a week, when he sold that homestead in Massachusetts sat right on that silver to make the bargain. 当篮子卡得那么紧时，他把它放在地上，一边拖一边拉。在他拖篮子的时候，这个农夫注意到石墙上方外侧的角上，紧挨着大门，有一块八英寸见方的天然银块。那位对矿业和矿物学如此精通以至于不愿为每周45美元工作的教授，在马萨诸塞卖掉老宅时，就坐在那块银子上面谈的买卖。
He was born on that homestead, was brought up there, and had gone back and forth rubbing the stone with his sleeve until it reflected his countenance, and seemed to say, "Here is a hundred thousand dollars right down here just for the taking." But he would not take it. It was in a home in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and there was no silver there, all away off somewhere else, and he was a professor of mineralogy. 他出生在那座老宅，在那里长大，来来回回用袖子擦拭那块石头直到它映出他的面容，仿佛在说："这里有十万美元，伸手就拿。"但他不愿拿。那是在马萨诸塞纽伯里波特的一座房子里，那里没有银矿，银矿都在别的什么地方，而他是矿物学教授。
My friends, that mistake is very universally made, and why should we even smile at him. I often wonder what has become of him. I will tell you what I "guess" as a Yankee. I guess that he sits out there by his fireside to-night with his friends gathered around him, and he is saying to them: "Do you know that man Conwell who lives in Philadelphia?" "Oh yes, I have heard of him." "Do you know of that man Jones that lives in Philadelphia?" "Yes, I have heard of him, too." 朋友们，这个错误非常普遍，我们有什么资格嘲笑他呢。我常想他后来怎么样了。我告诉你们我这个"扬基佬"的"猜想"。我猜想他今晚坐在火炉边，朋友们围在身边，他对他们说："你们认识住在费城的那个康威尔吗？""哦，认识，我听说过他。""你们认识住在费城的那个琼斯吗？""是的，我也听说过他。"
Then he begins to laugh, and shakes his sides, and says to his friends, "Well, they have done just the same thing I did, precisely" - and that spoils the whole joke, for you and I have done the same thing he did, and while we sit here and laugh at him he has a better right to sit out there and laugh at us. I know I have made the same mistakes, but, of course, that does not make any difference, because we don't expect the same man to preach and practice, too. 然后他大笑起来，笑得前仰后合，对朋友们说："嗯，他们做的跟我一模一样，完全一样"——这就毁了整个笑话，因为你我做的跟他一样。我们坐在这里笑他，他更有权利坐在那里笑我们。我知道我也犯过同样的错误，当然，这没什么区别，因为我们不指望同一个人既说又做。
As I come here to-night and look around this audience I am seeing again what through these fifty years I have continually seen - men that are making precisely that same mistake. I often wish I could see the younger people, and would that the Academy had been filled to-night with our high school scholars and our grammar-school scholars, that I could have them to talk to. 今晚我来到这里，环顾听众，我再次看到了这五十年来我一直看到的——人们正在犯完全相同的错误。我常希望能看到年轻人，真希望今晚学院里坐满了我们的中学生和文法学校学生，那样我就能跟他们谈谈。
While I would have preferred such an audience as that, because they are most susceptible, as they have not gotten into any custom that they cannot break, they have not met with any failures as we have; and while I could perhaps do such an audience as that more good than I can do grown-up people, yet I will do the best I can with the material I have. I say to you that you have "acres of diamonds" in Philadelphia right where you now live. 虽然我更愿意面对那样的听众，因为他们最容易接受，他们没有养成无法改变的习惯，没有经历过我们的失败；虽然我对这样的听众可能比成年人做得更有益，但我还是会尽我所能利用现有的材料。我告诉你们，在费城，就在你们现在居住的地方，你们就有"钻石宝地"。
"Oh," but you will say, "you cannot know much about your city if you think there are any 'acres of diamonds' here." I was greatly interested in that account in the newspaper of the young man who found that diamond in North Carolina. It was one of the purest diamonds that has ever been discovered, and it has several predecessors near the same locality. I went to a distinguished professor in mineralogy and asked him where he thought those diamonds came from. "哦，"你会说，"如果你认为这里有'钻石宝地'，那你对这座城市一定不太了解。"我对报纸上那个在北卡罗来纳发现钻石的年轻人的报道很感兴趣。那是有史以来发现的最纯净的钻石之一，在附近同一地区还有几颗前身。我去找一位著名的矿物学教授，问他那些钻石可能来自哪里。
The professor secured the map of the geologic formations of our continent, and traced it. He said it went either through the underlying carboniferous strata adapted for such production, westward through Ohio and the Mississippi, or in more probability came eastward through Virginia and up the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. It is a fact that the diamonds were there, for they have been discovered and sold; and that they were carried down there during the drift period, from some northern locality. 教授拿出我们大陆地质构造图，做了追踪。他说那些钻石要么经过适合此类生成的下部含碳地层，向西延伸穿过俄亥俄州和密西西比河，要么更可能是向东经过弗吉尼亚州延伸到大西洋海岸。事实是钻石确实在那里，因为它们已被发现并出售；它们是在漂移期从某个北方地区被带下来的。
Now who can say but some person going down with his drill in Philadelphia will find some trace of a diamond-mine yet down here? Oh, friends! You cannot say that you are not over one of the greatest diamond-mines in the world, for such a diamond as that only comes from the most profitable mines that are found on earth. Now then, I say again that the opportunity to get rich, to attain unto great wealth, is here in Philadelphia now, within the reach of almost every man and woman who hears me speak to-night. 那么，谁能说在费城钻探的人不会在这里发现钻石矿的痕迹呢？哦，朋友们！你们不能说自己不是坐在世界上最大的钻石矿之一上，因为那样的钻石只来自地球上最有利可图的矿。那么我再说一遍，现在在费城，几乎每一位今晚听我演讲的男女，都有致富、获得巨大财富的机会。
I have come to tell you what in God's sight I believe to be the truth, and if the years of life have been of any value to me in the attainment of common sense, I know I am right; that the men and women sitting here, who found it difficult perhaps to buy a ticket to this lecture, have within their reach "acres of diamonds," opportunities to get largely wealthy. I say that you ought to get rich, and it is your duty to get rich. 我来告诉你们我在上帝面前相信是真理的话。如果这些年的生活对我在获得常识方面有任何价值，我知道我是对的；坐在这里的男男女女，也许觉得买这场演讲的票很困难，但他们伸手可及之处就有"钻石宝地"，有大幅致富的机会。我说你们应该致富，致富是你们的责任。
How many of my pious brethren say to me, "Do you, a Christian minister, spend your time going up and down the country advising young people to get rich, to get money?" "Yes, of course I do." "Isn't that awful! Why don't you preach the gospel instead of preaching about man's making money?" "Because to make money honestly is to preach the gospel." That is the reason. The men who get rich may be the most honest men you find in the community. 有多少虔诚的弟兄对我说："你一个基督教牧师，竟然花时间走遍全国劝年轻人致富、赚钱？""是的，当然。""这太可怕了！你为什么不传福音，反而讲人怎么赚钱？""因为诚实地赚钱就是传福音。"原因就在此。富人可能是社区里最诚实的人。
"Oh," but says some young man here to-night, "I have been told all my life that if a person has money he is very dishonest and dishonorable and mean and contemptible." My friend, that is the reason why you have none, because you have that idea of people. The foundation of your faith is altogether false. Ninety-eight out of one hundred of the rich men of America are honest. That is why they are rich. That is why they are trusted with money. It is because they are honest men. "哦，"今晚这里有年轻人说，"我一辈子都听说有钱人很不诚实、不光彩、卑鄙、可鄙。"朋友，这就是你没有钱的原因，因为你对人有那样的看法。你信仰的基础完全是错误的。美国的一百个富人中九十八个是诚实的。这就是他们富有的原因，这就是他们被信任管理金钱的原因。因为他们是诚实的人。
Says another young man, "I hear sometimes of men that get millions of dollars dishonestly." Yes, of course you do, and so do I. But they are so rare a thing in fact that the newspapers talk about them all the time as a matter of news until you get the idea that all the other rich men got rich dishonestly. 另一个年轻人说："我有时听说有人不诚实地赚了数百万。"是的，你当然听说过，我也听说过。但事实上这样的事太少见了，以至于报纸一直把它们当作新闻来谈，直到你产生一种印象，以为其他所有富人都是不诚实地致富的。
My friend, you take and drive me out into the suburbs of Philadelphia, and introduce me to the people who own their homes around this great city, those beautiful homes with gardens and flowers, those magnificent homes so lovely in their art, and I will introduce you to the very best people in character as well as in enterprise in our city. 朋友，你开车带我到费城郊区，把我介绍给那些在这座大城市周围拥有自己住宅的人——那些有花园和鲜花的美丽住宅，那些艺术上如此华丽的宏伟住宅——我会把你介绍给我们城市里品格和事业方面最优秀的人。
A man is not really a true man until he owns his own home, and they that own their homes are made more honorable and honest and pure, and true and economical and careful, by owning the home. For a man to have money, even in large sums, is not an inconsistent thing. Money is power, and you ought to be reasonably ambitious to have it. You ought because you can do more good with it than you could without it. Money printed your Bible, money builds your churches, money sends your missionaries, and money pays your preachers. 一个人只有拥有自己的家才算真正的人，拥有自己家园的人因为拥有家园而变得更加光荣、诚实、纯洁、真实、节俭和细心。一个人有钱，即使数额很大，也并不矛盾。金钱是力量，你应该有合理的野心去拥有它。你应该拥有它，因为有了它你能比没有它做更多善事。金钱印制了你的《圣经》，金钱建造了你的教堂，金钱派遣了你的传教士，金钱支付了你的牧师薪酬。
I am always willing that my church should raise my salary, because the church that pays the largest salary always raises it the easiest. The man who gets the largest salary can do the most good with the power that is furnished to him. I say, then, you ought to have money. If you can honestly attain unto riches in Philadelphia, it is your Christian and godly duty to do so. It is an awful mistake of these pious people to think you must be awfully poor in order to be pious. 我总是愿意让我的教会给我加薪，因为付最高薪的教会总是最容易加薪。拿最高薪的人能用所获得的力量做最多的善事。那么我说，你应该有钱。如果你能在费城诚实地致富，那是你的基督教和敬虔责任。这些虔诚的人认为你必须非常贫穷才能虔诚，这是个可怕的错误。
Some men say, "Don't you sympathize with the poor people?" Of course I do, or else I would not have been lecturing these years. But the number of poor who are to be sympathized with is very small. To sympathize with a man whom God has punished for his sins, thus to help him when God would still continue a just punishment, is to do wrong. While we should sympathize with God's poor - that is, those who cannot help themselves - let us remember there is not a poor person in the United States who was not made poor by his own shortcomings, or by the shortcomings of some one else. 有人说："你不同情穷人吗？"我当然同情，否则我不会这些年来一直演讲。但值得同情的穷人很少。同情一个因罪被上帝惩罚的人，在他仍应受公正惩罚时帮助他，是错误的。我们应当同情上帝的穷人——即那些无法自助的人——但请记住，美国没有一个穷人不是因为自己的过失或他人的过失而变穷的。
A gentleman gets up back there, and says, "Don't you think there are some things in this world that are better than money?" Of course I do, but I am talking about money now. Oh yes, I know by the grave that has left me standing alone that there are some things in this world that are higher and sweeter and purer than money. Love is the grandest thing on God's earth, but fortunate the lover who has plenty of money. Money is power, money is force, money will do good as well as harm. In the hands of good men and women it could accomplish, and it has accomplished, good. 后面有位先生站起来说："难道你不认为这世上有些东西比金钱更好吗？"我当然知道，但我现在谈的是金钱。哦，是的，那让我独自伫立的坟墓让我知道，这世上有些东西比金钱更高尚、更甜美、更纯洁。爱是上帝大地上最伟大的东西，但恋人若有充足的钱财则更幸运。金钱是力量，金钱是动力，金钱既能行善也能作恶。在善良的男女手中，它能成就善事，而且已经成就了。
Yet the age is prejudiced against advising a Christian man from attaining unto wealth. Years ago up at Temple University there was a young man in our theological school who thought he was the only pious student in that department. He came into my office one evening and sat down by my desk, and said to me: "Mr. President, I think it is my duty sir, to come in and labor with you." "What has happened now?" Said he, "I heard you say at the Academy that you thought it was an honorable ambition for a young man to desire to have wealth." 然而这个时代对劝告基督徒致富抱有偏见。多年前在坦普尔大学，我们神学院有个年轻人认为自己是那个系唯一虔诚的学生。一天傍晚他走进我的办公室，在我桌边坐下说："校长先生，我认为我有责任来劝诫您。""又怎么了？"他说："我听您在学院说，您认为年轻人渴望财富是光荣的野心。"
"You spoke to make him a good man. Sir, I have come to tell you the Holy Bible says that 'money is the root of all evil.'" I told him I had never seen it in the Bible, and advised him to go out into the chapel and get the Bible, and show me the place. So out he went for the Bible, and soon he stalked into my office with the Bible open, with all the bigoted pride of the narrow sectarian, of one who founds his Christianity on some misinterpretation of Scripture. "您说要使他成为好人。先生，我来告诉您，《圣经》说'金钱是万恶之源'。"我告诉他我从没在《圣经》中看到过这句话，建议他去礼拜堂拿《圣经》来指给我看。于是他去拿《圣经》，很快便捧着翻开的《圣经》大步走进我的办公室，带着狭隘宗派主义者那种自以为是的骄傲，那种把基督教建立在误读经文之上的人。
He flung the Bible down on my desk, and fairly squealed into my ear: "There it is Mr. President; you can read it yourself." I said to him: "Well young man, you will learn when you get a little older that you cannot trust another denomination to read the Bible for you. You are taught in the theological school, however, that emphasis is the exegesis. Now, will you take that Bible and read it yourself, and give the proper emphasis to it?" 他把《圣经》摔在我桌上，几乎是对着我耳朵尖叫："就在这儿，校长先生；您自己看吧。"我对他说："年轻人，等你再长大一点就会明白，不能让别的教派替你读《圣经》。不过你在神学院学过，解经的关键在于重音。现在，你愿不愿意拿着这本《圣经》自己读，给它加上正确的重音？"
He took the Bible, and proudly read, "'The love of money is the root of all evil.'" Then he had it right, and when one does quote aright from that same old Book he quotes the absolute truth. He who tries to attain unto it too quickly, or dishonestly, will fall into many snares, no doubt about that. The love of money. What is that? It is making an idol of money, and idolatry pure and simple every where is condemned by the Holy Scriptures and by man's common sense. 他拿起《圣经》，骄傲地读道："'贪财是万恶之根。'"这次他读对了。当人正确地引用那本古老经典时，引用的就是绝对真理。试图过快或不诚实致富的人无疑会落入许多陷阱。贪财——那是什么？就是把金钱当作偶像，而偶像崇拜无论在哪里都被《圣经》和人类常识所谴责。
The man that worships the dollar instead of thinking of the purposes for which it ought to be used, the man who idolizes simply money, the miser that hordes his money in the cellar, or hides it in his staking, or refuses to invest it where it will do the world good, that man who hugs the dollar until the eagle squeals has in him the root of all evil. I think I will leave that behind me now and answer the question of nearly all of you who are asking, "Is there opportunity to get rich in Philadelphia?" 崇拜金钱而不思考金钱应有的用途、只把金钱偶像化、在地下室囤积金钱的守财奴、把钱藏在袜子里、拒绝把钱投资到对世界有益处的地方、抱着美元直到鹰尖叫的人——他心中才有万恶之源。我想把这件事放在一边，回答你们几乎所有人都在问的问题："费城有致富的机会吗？"
Some old gentleman gets up back there and says, "Mr. Conwell, have you lived in Philadelphia for thirty-one years and don't know that the time has gone by when you can make anything in this city?" "No, I don't think it is." "Yes, it is; I have tried it." "What business are you in?" "I kept a store here for twenty years, and never made a thousand dollars in the whole twenty years." 后面有位老先生站起来说："康威尔先生，你在费城住了三十一年，不知道这座城市已经没有赚钱的机会了吗？""不，我不这么认为。""是的，已经没有了；我试过。""你做什么生意？""我在这里开了二十年店，二十年里从没赚到过一千美元。"
"Well, then, you can measure the good you have been to this city by what this city has paid you, because a man can judge very well what he is worth by what he receives. If you have not made over a thousand dollars in twenty years in Philadelphia, it would have been better for Philadelphia if they had kicked you out of the city nineteen years and nine months ago. A man has no right to keep a store in Philadelphia twenty years and not make at least five hundred thousand dollars." "那么，你可以通过这座城市付给你多少来衡量你对这座城市的价值，因为一个人可以从自己得到多少来判断自己的价值。如果你在费城二十年没赚到一千美元以上，那么如果十九年零九个月前他们把你踢出这座城市，对费城会更好。一个人在费城开店二十年，没有赚到至少五十万美元，是没有权利的。"
You say, "You cannot make five hundred thousand dollars in a store now." Oh, my friends, if you will just take only four blocks around you, and find out what the people want and what you ought to supply them, you would very soon see it. There is wealth right within the sound of your voice. Some one says: "You don't know anything about business. A preacher never knows a thing about business." Well, then I will have to prove that I am an expert. 你说："现在开店赚不到五十万美元。"哦，朋友们，只要看看你周围四个街区，了解人们需要什么、你应该供应什么，你很快就会明白。财富就在你声音所及之处。有人说："你对生意一窍不通。牧师对生意一无所知。"那么我得证明我是行家。
My father kept a country store, and if there is any place under the stars where a man gets all sorts of experience in every kind of mercantile transactions, it is in the country store. But this did occur many times, friends: A man would come onto the store, and say to me, "Do you keep jack-knives?" "No we don't keep jack-knives," and I went off whistling a tune. What did I care about that man, anyhow? Then another farmer would come in and say, "Do you keep jack-knives?" "No, we don't keep jack-knives." 我父亲开过一家乡村杂货店，如果说星光下有什么地方能让一个人得到各种商业交易经验，那就是乡村杂货店。但确实发生过很多次，朋友们：有人走进店里问我："你们有折叠刀吗？""没有，我们不卖折叠刀。"我就吹着口哨走开了。我管那个人做什么？然后另一个农夫进来问："你们有折叠刀吗？""没有，我们不卖折叠刀。"
Then a third man came right in the same door and said, "Do you keep jack-knives?" "No. Why is every one around here asking for jack-knives? Do you suppose we are keeping this store to supply the whole neighborhood with jack-knives?" Do you carry on your store like that in Philadelphia? The difficulty was I had not then learned that the foundation of godliness and the foundation principle of success in business are both the same precisely. 接着第三个人从同一扇门进来问："你们有折叠刀吗？""没有。怎么附近每个人都来问折叠刀？你以为我们开这家店是为了给整个街区供应折叠刀吗？"你在费城是这样经营店铺的吗？问题在于我当时还没学到，虔诚的基础和生意成功的基础原则完全相同。
The man who says, "I cannot carry my religion into business" advertises himself either as being an imbecile in business, or on the road to bankruptcy, or a thief, one of the three, sure. He will fail within a very few years. If I had been carrying on my father's store on a Christian plan, godly plan, I would have had a jack-knife for the third man when he called for it. Then I would have actually done him a kindness, and I would have received a reward myself, which it would have been my duty to take. 说"我不能把宗教带入生意"的人，不是在自认是生意上的低能儿，就是正在走向破产，或是小偷，三者必有其一。他几年内就会失败。如果我以基督教的方式、敬虔的方式经营父亲的店，第三个男人来买时我就会有折叠刀。那样我既真的帮了他，自己也得到回报，而这正是我应尽的责任。
There are some over-pious Christian people who think if you take any profit on anything you sell that you are an unrighteous man. On the contrary, you would be a criminal to sell goods for less than they cost. I have no more right to sell goods without making a profit on them than I have to overcharge him dishonestly beyond what they are worth. But I should so sell each bill of goods that the person to whom I sell shall make as much as I make. To live and let live is the principle of the gospel, and the principle of every-day common sense. 有些过于虔诚的基督徒认为，卖东西只要有利润就是不义之人。相反，以低于成本价出售才是犯罪。我无权不赚利润出售商品，正如我无权不诚实地多收费用一样。但我应该这样卖每一单货：让买方和我赚得一样多。活着也让别人活着，是福音的原则，也是日常常识的原则。
Oh, young man, hear me; live as you go along. Do not wait until you have reached my years before you begin to enjoy anything of this life. The man who goes home with the sense that he has stolen a dollar that day, that he has robbed a man of what was his honest due, is not going home to sweet rest. He is not a successful man at all, although he may have laid up millions. But the man who has gone through life dividing always with his fellow-men, lives every day, and not only that, but it is the royal road to great wealth. 哦，年轻人，听我说；边走边享受生活。不要等到我这把年纪才开始享受生活的任何东西。带着偷了一美元、抢了别人应得之物的感觉回家的人，不会得到甜美的休息。他根本不是成功的人，尽管他可能积累了数百万。但一生都与人分享的人，每天都在真正地生活，不仅如此，那还是通向巨大财富的康庄大道。
Then man over there who said he could not make anything in a store in Philadelphia has been carrying on his store on the wrong principle. Suppose I go into your store to-morrow morning and ask, "Do you know a neighbor A, who lives one square away, at house No. 1240?" "Oh yes, I have met him." "Where did he come from?" "I don't know." "How many does he have in his family?" "I don't know." "What ticket does he vote?" "I don't know." "What church does he go to?" "I don't know, and don't care." 那个说在费城开店赚不到钱的人，一直在用错误的原则经营店铺。假设我明天早上走进你的店问："你认识一个街区外1240号的邻居A吗？""哦，见过他。""他从哪里来？""不知道。""他家有几口人？""不知道。""他投哪个党的票？""不知道。""他去哪个教堂？""不知道，也不关心。"
If you had a store in Philadelphia would you answer me like that? You don't know where your neighbor came from when he moved to Philadelphia, and you don't care. If you had cared you would be rich by now. But you go through the world saying, "No opportunity to get rich," and there is the fault right at your door. But another young man gets up over there and says, "I cannot take the mercantile business." "Why can't you go into the mercantile business?" "Because I haven't any capital." 如果你在费城有店，你会这样回答我吗？你不知道邻居搬到费城之前从哪里来，你也不关心。如果你关心过，你现在就富了。但你走过这个世界说"没有致富机会"，而问题就在你家门口。但那边另一个年轻人站起来说："我做不了商业。""为什么做不了？""因为我没有资本。"
Oh, the weak and dudish creature that can't see over its collar! It makes a person weak to see these little dudes standing around the corners and saying, "Oh, if I had plenty of capital, how rich would I get." "Young man, do you think you are going to get rich on capital?" "Certainly." Well, I say, "Certainly not." If your mother has plenty of money, and she will set you up in business, you will "set her up in business," supplying you with capital. 哦，那看不见自己衣领的软弱无能的家伙！看到这些小纨绔子弟站在街角说"哦，我要是有充足资本，我会多富有"真让人感到软弱。"年轻人，你以为靠资本就能致富吗？""当然。"我说，"当然不能。"如果你母亲有很多钱，她让你做生意，你会"让她做生意"——给她资本。
The moment a young man or woman gets more money than he or she has grown to by practical experience, that moment he has gotten a curse. It is no help to a young man or woman to inherit money. It is no help to your children to leave them money, but if you leave them education, if you leave them Christian and noble character, if you leave them a wide circle of friends, if you leave them an honorable name, it is far better than that they should have money. 当一个年轻人拥有的钱超过他通过实践经验成长所应得的，那一刻他就得到了诅咒。继承金钱对年轻人毫无帮助。给孩子留钱没有帮助，但如果你留给他们教育、基督徒和高尚的品格、广阔的朋友圈、光荣的名声，那远比他们拥有金钱要好。
Oh, young man, if you have inherited money, don't regard it as a help. It will curse you through your years, and deprive you of the very best things of human life. There is no class of people to be pitied so much as the inexperienced sons and daughters of the rich of our generation. I pity the rich man's son. He can never know the best things in life. 哦，年轻人，如果你继承了金钱，不要把它当作帮助。它会诅咒你一生，剥夺你人生最美好的东西。我们这个时代最值得同情的人莫过于富人家缺乏经验的儿女。我同情富人的儿子。他永远无法知道人生中最美好的东西。
One of the best things in our life is when a young man has earned his own living, and when he becomes engaged to some lovely young woman, and makes up his mind to have a home of his own. Then with that same love comes also that divine inspiration toward better things, and he begins to save his money. He begins to leave off his bad habits and put money in the bank. When he has a few hundred dollars he goes out in the suburbs to look for a home. 人生中最美好的事情之一是：一个年轻人自食其力，与一位可爱的年轻女子订婚，下定决心拥有自己的家。那份爱也带来了追求更好事物的神圣灵感，他开始存钱。他开始戒除坏习惯，把钱存进银行。当他有了几百美元，就到郊区找房子。
He goes to the savings-bank, perhaps, for half of the value, and then goes for his wife, and when he takes his bride over the threshold of that door for the first time he says in words of eloquence my voice can never touch: "I have earned this home myself. It is all mine, and I divide with thee." That is the grandest moment a human heart may ever know. But a rich man's son can never know that. 他也许去储蓄银行借一半的钱，然后去接妻子。当他第一次带着新娘跨过门槛时，他用我无法企及的雄辩语言说："这所房子是我自己挣的。它完全属于我，我与你分享。"这是人心可能知道的最伟大时刻。但富人的儿子永远无法体会。
The statistics of Massachusetts showed that not one rich man's son out of seventeen ever dies rich. I pity the rich man's sons unless they have the good sense of the elder Vanderbilt, which sometimes happens. He went to his father and said, "Did you earn all your money?" "I did, my son. I began to work on a ferry-boat for twenty-five cents a day." "Then," said his son, "I will have none of your money," and he, too, tried to get employment on a ferry-boat that Saturday night. 马萨诸塞州的统计显示，十七个富人之子没有一个死时仍是富人。我同情富人之子，除非他们有老范德比尔特那样的明智，这有时确实会发生。他去问父亲："你的钱都是自己挣的吗？""是的，儿子。我从在渡轮上工作每天挣二十五美分开始。""那么，"儿子说，"我不要你的钱。"那个周六晚上他也去渡轮上找工作。
He could not get one there, but he did get a place for three dollars a week. Of course, if a rich man's son will do that, he will get the discipline of a poor boy that is worth more than a university education to any man. But as a rule the rich men will not let their sons do the very thing that made them great. As a rule, the rich man will not allow his son to work - and his mother! Why, she would think it was a social disgrace if her poor, weak, little lily-fingered, sissy sort of a boy had to earn his living with honest toil. 他在那里没找到，但确实找到了一份每周三美元的工作。当然，如果富人之子愿意这样做，他就会获得穷孩子的锻炼，这比大学教育对任何人都更有价值。但通常富人不会让儿子做那些成就自己的事。通常富人不允许儿子工作——而他的母亲！她会认为，如果她那可怜、软弱、细皮嫩肉、娘娘腔的儿子要用诚实的劳动谋生，那是社会耻辱。
I must tell you about a rich man's son at Niagara Falls. I came in from the lecture to the hotel, and as I approached the desk of the clerk there stood a millionaire's son from New York. He was an indescribable specimen of anthropologic potency. He had a skull-cap on one side of his head, with a gold tassel in the top of it, and a gold-headed cane under his arm with more in it than in his head. 我得告诉你们一个富人之子在尼亚加拉瀑布的故事。我演讲完回到酒店，走近柜台时，那里站着一个来自纽约的百万富翁之子。他是人类学潜力的一个难以名状的样本。他头上一侧歪戴着一顶金流苏小便帽，腋下夹着一把金头手杖，手杖里的东西比他脑子里的还多。
It is a very difficult thing to describe that young man. He wore an eye-glass that he could not see through, patent-leather boots that he could not walk in, and pants that he could not sit down in - dressed like a grasshopper. This human cricket came up to the clerk's desk just as I entered, adjusted his unseeing eye-glass, and spake in this wise to the clerk. You see, he thought it was "Hinglish, you know," to lisp. 描述那个年轻人非常困难。他戴着看不清的眼镜，穿着走不动路的漆皮靴，穿着坐不下去的裤子——打扮得像只蚱蜢。这只人形蟋蟀在我进门时走到柜台前，扶了扶他那无用的眼镜，对店员这样说话。你看，他觉得"带点英式口音"才时髦。
"Thir, will you have the kindness to supply me with thome papah and enwelophs!" The hotel clerk measured the man quick, and he pulled the envelopes and paper out of a drawer, threw them across the counter toward the young man, and then turned away to his books. He swelled up like a gobbler turkey, adjusted his unseeing eye-glass, and yelled: "Come right back here. Now, thir, will you order a thervant to take that papah and enwelophs to yondah dethk." "先生，请好心给我一谢纸和信封！"酒店店员很快打量了他一番，从抽屉里拿出信封和纸，隔着柜台扔向年轻人，然后转身去记账。他像火鸡一样鼓起身子，扶了扶无用的眼镜，叫道："回来。现在，先生，请命令一个仆人把那谢纸和信封拿到那边的桌子上。"
Oh, the poor, miserable, contemptible American monkey! He could not carry paper and envelopes twenty feet. I suppose he could not get his arms down to do it. I have no pity for such travesties upon human nature. If you have not capital, young man, I am glad of it. What you need is common sense, not copper cents. The best thing I can do is to illustrate by actual facts well known to you all. 哦，这可怜、可悲、可鄙的美洲猴子！他连纸和信封都拿不了二十英尺。我想他的胳膊都放不下来。我不同情这种人性的拙劣模仿。年轻人，如果你没有资本，我为此高兴。你需要的是常识，而不是铜板。我能做的最好的事就是用你们都知道的真实案例来说明。
A.T. Stewart, a poor boy in New York, had $1.50 to begin life on. He lost 87½ cents of that on the very first venture. How fortunate that young man who loses the first time he gambles. That boy said, "I will never gamble again in business," and he never did. He lost 87½ cents because he bought some needles, threads, and buttons to sell which people did not want, and had them left on his hands, a dead loss. 斯图尔特是纽约一个穷小子，开始生活时只有1.50美元。他第一次冒险就亏了其中的87.5美分。第一次赌就输的年轻人多幸运。那男孩说："我再也不在生意上赌博了，"他确实没有再赌。他亏了87.5美分是因为买了一些针线纽扣来卖，结果人们不需要，压在手里，全亏了。
Said the boy, "I will not lose any more money in that way." Then he went around first to the doors and asked the people what they did want. Then when he had found out what they wanted he invested his 62½ cents to supply a known demand. You must first know the demand. You must first know what people need, and then invest yourself where you are most needed. A.T. Stewart went on that principle until he was worth what amounted afterward to forty millions of dollars. 男孩说："我不会再那样亏钱了。"然后他先挨家挨户问人们需要什么。当他了解了人们的需求，就用剩下的62.5美分投资供应已知的需求。你必须先了解需求。你必须先知道人们需要什么，然后投资到最需要你的地方。斯图尔特靠这个原则做到了后来价值四千万美元。
The best illustration I ever heard was of John Jacob Astor. You know that he made the money of the Astor family when he lived in New York. He came across the sea in debt for his fare. But that poor boy with nothing in his pocket made the fortune of the Astor family on one principle. Some young man here to-night will say, "Well, they could make these over in New York, but they could not do it in Philadelphia!" 我听过的最好例子是约翰·雅各布·阿斯特。你知道他在纽约时为阿斯特家族赚了钱。他渡海来时还欠着船费。但那个口袋空空的穷小子靠一个原则为阿斯特家族赚了财富。今晚这里有年轻人会说："嗯，这些在纽约能做到，但在费城做不到！"
My friends, did you ever read that wonderful book of Riss, wherein is given his statistical account of the records taken in 1889 of 107 millionaires of New York. If you read the account you will see that out of the 107 millionaires only seven made their money in New York. Out of the 107 millionaires worth ten million dollars in real estate then, 67 of them made their money in towns of less than 3,500 inhabitants. The richest man in this country to-day has never moved away from a town of 3,500 inhabitants. 朋友们，你们读过里斯那本精彩的书吗？书中给出了1889年纽约107位百万富翁的统计记录。如果你读了那份记录，会看到107位百万富翁中只有七位是在纽约赚钱的。在那些当时身价一千万美元不动产的107位百万富翁中，67位是在人口不到3500人的小镇赚钱的。这个国家今天最富有的人从未离开过一个3500人的小镇。
It makes not so much difference where you are as who you are. But if you cannot get rich in Philadelphia you certainly cannot do it in New York. Now John Jacob Astor illustrated what can be done anywhere. He had a mortgage once on a millinery-store, and they could not sell bonnets enough to pay the interest on his money. So he foreclosed that mortgage, took possession of the store, and went in to partnership with the very same people, in the very same store, with the same capital. 你在哪里不如你是谁重要。但如果你在费城富不起来，在纽约肯定也富不起来。约翰·雅各布·阿斯特说明了在任何地方都能做到。他曾经持有一家女帽店的抵押权，她们卖不出足够的帽子来付利息。于是他取消了抵押品赎回权，接管了店铺，与同样的人、在同样的店里、用同样的资本合伙。
He did not give them a dollar of capital. They had to sell goods to get any money. Then he left them alone in the store just as they had been before, and he went out and sat down on a bench in the park in the shade. For as John Jacob Astor sat on that bench he was watching the ladies as they went by; and where is the man who would not get rich at that business? 他没给他们一分钱资本。他们必须卖出货才能拿到钱。然后他让他们独自留在店里，和以前一样，自己出去坐在公园阴凉处的长椅上。因为约翰·雅各布·阿斯特坐在长椅上观察路过的女士；有哪个男人做这行不致富呢？
As he sat on the bench if a lady passed him with her shoulders back and head up, and looked straight to the front, as if she did not care if all the world did gaze on her, then he studied her bonnet, and by the time it was out of sight he know the shape of the frame, the color of the trimmings, and the crinklings in the feather. Then he went to the millinery-store and said to them: "Now put into the show-window just such a bonnet as I describe to you, because I have already seen a lady who likes such a bonnet." 他坐在长椅上，如果一位女士挺胸抬头经过他面前，直视前方，仿佛不在乎全世界都注视她，他就研究她的帽子，等帽子消失在视线中时，他已经知道帽框的形状、装饰的颜色和羽毛的卷曲度。然后他到女帽店说："现在把一顶我描述的这样的帽子放进橱窗，因为我已经看到一位喜欢这种帽子的女士了。"
He did not fill his show-window up-town with a lot of hats and bonnets to drive people away, and then sit on the back stairs and bawl because people went to Wanamaker's to trade. He did not have a hat or a bonnet in that show-window but what some lady liked before it was made up. 他没有在街区的橱窗里堆满帽子和女帽把人赶走，然后坐在后楼梯上哭喊人们去沃纳梅克商店买东西。他橱窗里没有一顶帽子或女帽不是在某位女士喜欢之后才制作出来的。
The tide of custom began immediately to turn in, and that has been the foundation of the greatest store in New York in that line. Its fortune was made by John Jacob Astor after they had failed in business, not by giving them any more money, but by finding out what the ladies liked for bonnets before they wasted any material in making them up. 客流立刻开始涌入，这成为了纽约那行最大的商店的基础。那笔财富是约翰·雅各布·阿斯特在她们生意失败后赚来的，不是靠给她们更多钱，而是靠在浪费材料制作之前了解女士们喜欢什么样的帽子。
Suppose I were to go through this audience to-night and ask you in this great manufacturing city if there are not opportunities to get rich in manufacturing. "Oh yes," some young man says, "there are opportunities here still if you build with some trust and if you have two or three millions of dollars to begin with as capital." Young man, the history of the breaking up of the trusts by that attack upon "big business" is only illustrating what is now the opportunity of the smaller man. 假设今晚我走过这些听众，问你们在这个伟大的制造业城市是否有制造业致富的机会。"哦，是的，"有年轻人说，"如果你加入某个托拉斯，有两三百万美元资本起步，这里仍有机会。"年轻人，打击"大企业"导致托拉斯解体的历史只是说明如今小人物的机会。
The time never came in the history of the world when you could get rich so quickly manufacturing without capital as you can now. But you will say, "You cannot do anything of the kind. You cannot start without capital." Young man, remember if you know what people need you have gotten more knowledge of a fortune than any amount of capital can give you. 世界历史上从未有哪个时代像现在这样，能让你无资本制造业快速致富。但你会说："你做不了这种事。没有资本无法起步。"年轻人，记住，如果你知道人们需要什么，你就获得了比任何资本能给你的更多的财富知识。
There was a poor man out of work living in Hingham, Massachusetts. He lounged around the house until one day his wife told him to get out and work, and, as he lived in Massachusetts, he obeyed his wife. He went out and sat down on the shore of the bay, and whittled a soaked shingle into a wooden chain. His children that evening quarreled over it, and he whittled a second one to keep peace. While he was whittling the second one a neighbor came in and said: "Why don't you whittle toys and sell them? You could make money doing that." 马萨诸塞州欣汉有个失业的穷人。他在家闲逛，直到有一天妻子让他出去工作。因为在马萨诸塞，他听从了妻子。他出去坐在海湾岸边，把一块浸湿的木瓦削成一条木链。孩子们当晚为此争吵，他就削了第二条来平息争端。削第二条时一个邻居进来问："你为什么不削玩具卖呢？你能赚钱。"
"Oh," he said, "I would not know what to make." "Why don't you ask your own children right here in your own house what to make?" "What is the use of trying that?" said the carpenter. "My children are different from other people's children." But he acted upon the hint, and the next morning when Mary came down the stairway, he asked, "What do you want for a toy?" She began to tell him she would like a doll's bed, a doll's washstand, and went on with a list of things that would take him a lifetime to supply. "哦，"他说，"我不知道做什么好。""为什么不问问自己家里的孩子做什么呢？""试有什么用？"木匠说，"我的孩子跟别人的孩子不一样。"但他听了建议。第二天早上玛丽下楼时，他问："你想要什么玩具？"她开始告诉想要一个娃娃床、一个娃娃洗脸架，接着列出了一辈子都做不完的东西。
So, consulting his own children, in his own house, he took the firewood, for he had no money to buy lumber, and whittled those strong, unpainted Hingham toys that were for so many years known all over the world. That man began to make those toys for his own children, and then made copies and sold them through the boot-and-shoe store next door. He began to make a little money, and then a little more, and that man is worth a hundred millions of dollars to-day, and has been only thirty-four years making it on that one principle. 于是，咨询了自己家里的孩子，他用柴火（因为没钱买木材）削出了那些坚固、未上漆的欣汉玩具，多年来闻名世界。那个人开始为自己的孩子做玩具，然后做复制品通过隔壁的鞋店出售。他开始赚一点钱，然后赚更多，那个人今天身价一亿美元，三十四年来就靠这一原则。
That one must judge that what his own children like at home other people's children would like in their homes, too; to judge the human heart by oneself, by one's wife or by one's children. It is the royal road to success in manufacturing. "Oh," But you say, "didn't he have any capital?" Yes, a penknife, but I don't know that he had paid for that. 一个人应该判断自己孩子在家里喜欢的东西，别人家的孩子在家里也会喜欢；以自己、妻子或孩子来判断人心。这是制造业成功的康庄大道。"哦，"但你说，"他没有资本吗？"是的，一把削刀，但我不确定那是不是付了钱的。
I spoke thus to an audience in New Britain, Connecticut, and a lady four seats back went home and tried to take off her collar, and the collar-button stuck in the buttonhole. She threw it out and said, "I am going to get up something better than that to put on collars." Her husband said: "After what Conwell said to-night, you see there is a need of an improved collar-fastener that is easier to handle. There is a human need; there is a great fortune. Now, then, get up a collar-button and get rich." 我在康涅狄格州新不列颠对听众这样讲，一位坐在后面第四个座位的女士回家想脱衣领，领扣卡在扣眼里。她把它扔出来说："我要发明比这更好的东西来系衣领。"她丈夫说："听了康威尔今晚说的，你看确实需要一种更好操作的改进领扣。这是人的需求；这是大财富。那就发明一种领扣致富吧。"
He made fun of her, and consequently made fun of me. Notwithstanding the greatness and the handsomeness of your compliment to-night, I do not believe there is one in ten of you that is going to make a million of dollars because you are here to-night; but it is not my fault, it is yours. I say that sincerely. When her husband ridiculed her, she made up her mind she would make a better collar-button, and when a woman makes up her mind "she will," and does not say anything about it, she does it. 他嘲笑她，因此也嘲笑了我。尽管今晚你们给了我极大而美好的赞美，我不相信你们中十分之一的人会因为今晚在这里而赚到一百万美元；但这不是我的错，是你们的错。我真诚地说。当她丈夫嘲笑她时，她下定决心要做出更好的领扣。当一个女人下定决心"她要"，并且不说什么的时候，她就做到了。
It was that New England woman who invented the snap button which you can find anywhere now. It was a collar-button with a spring cap attached to the outer side. She afterward invented several other buttons, and then invested in more, and then was taken into partnership with great factories. Now that woman goes over the sea every summer in her private steamship-yes, and takes her husband with her! If her husband were to die, she would have money enough to buy a foreign duke or count or some such title as that at the latest quotations. 正是那位新英格兰妇女发明了现在到处可见的暗扣。那是一种外侧带有弹簧帽的领扣。后来她又发明了几种扣子，然后投资更多，被大工厂接纳为合伙人。现在那位女士每年夏天都乘私人游艇出海——是的，还带着丈夫！如果丈夫去世，她有足够的钱按最新行情买个外国公爵或伯爵之类的头衔。
Now what is my lesson in that incident? It is this: I told her then, though I did not know her, what I say to you, "Your wealth is too near to you. You are looking right over it"; and she had to look over it because it was right under her chin. I have read in the newspaper that a woman never invented anything. Well, that newspaper ought to begin again. Of course, I do not refer to gossip-I refer to machines-and if I did I might better include the men. 那件事给我的教训是什么？就是：我当时告诉她（虽然不认识她）我现在对你们说的话——"你的财富离你太近了。你正从它上面看过去"；她不得不看过去，因为财富就在她下巴下面。我在报纸上读到女人从未发明过任何东西。那份报纸该重新开始了。当然，我不指流言蜚语——我指机器——如果我指，最好把男人也算上。
Friends, think. Ye women, think! You say you cannot make a fortune because you are in some laundry, or running a sewing-machine it may be, or walking before some loom, and yet you can be a millionaire if you will but follow this almost infallible direction. When you say a woman doesn't invent anything, I ask, Who invented the Jacquard loom that wove every stitch you wear? Mrs. Jacquard. The printer's roller, the printing press, were invented by farmers' wives. Mrs. General Green invented the cotton gin and showed the idea to Mr. Whitney, and he like a man, seized it. 朋友们，思考。女人们，思考！你说你不能发财，因为你在某个洗衣店，或踩缝纫机，或在织机前走动，但只要你遵循这几乎万无一失的指引，你也能成为百万富翁。当你说女人什么都没发明时，我问，谁发明了织出你穿的每一针的提花织机？贾卡夫人。印刷工的墨辊、印刷机都是农夫的妻子发明的。格林将军夫人发明了轧花机并把想法给惠特尼先生，他像个男人一样抓住了它。
Who was it that invented the sewing-machine? If I would go to school tomorrow and ask your children they would say, "Elias Howe." He was in the Civil War with me, and often in my tent, and I often heard him say that he worked fourteen years to get up that sewing-machine. But his wife made up her mind one day they would starve to death if there wasn't something or other invented pretty soon, and so in two hours she invented the sewing-machine. Of course he took out the patent in his name. Men always do that. 谁发明了缝纫机？如果我明天去学校问你们的孩子，他们会说"豪"。他和我一起参加过内战，常在我帐篷里，我常听他说他花了十四年研制缝纫机。但他的妻子有一天下定决心，如果不快点发明点什么他们就要饿死了，于是她在两小时内发明了缝纫机。当然，他用自己的名字申请了专利。男人总是这样做。
Who was it that invented the mower and the reaper? According to Mr. McCormick's confidential communication, so recently published, it was a West Virginia woman, who, after his father and he had failed altogether in making a reaper and gave it up, took a lot of shears and nailed them together on the edge of a board, with one shaft of each pair loose, and then wired them so that when she pulled the wire the other way it opened them, and there she had the principle of the mowing-machine. 谁发明了割草机和收割机？根据麦考密克最近公开的私人通信，是一位西弗吉尼亚妇女。在他父亲和他制造收割机彻底失败放弃后，她拿了许多剪刀钉在木板边缘，每对剪刀的一根柄松动，然后用铁丝连接，当她拉动铁丝时剪刀张开，割草机的原理就这样产生了。
If you look at a mowing-machine, you will see it is nothing but a lot of shears. If a woman can invent a mowing-machine, if a woman can invent a Jacquard loom, if a woman can invent a cotton-gin, if a woman can invent a trolley switch - as she did and made the trolleys possible; if a woman can invent, as Mr. Carnegie said, the great iron squeezers that laid the foundation of all the steel millions of the United States, "we men" can invent anything under the stars! I say that for the encouragement of the men. 如果你看看割草机，会发现它不过是一堆剪刀。如果女人能发明割草机、提花织机、轧花机、电车开关——她确实发明了，使电车成为可能；如果女人能像卡内基先生说的那样发明巨大的铁挤压机——它奠定了美国所有钢铁百万财富的基础——"我们男人"就能发明星光下的任何东西！我这样说是为了鼓励男人。
Who are the great inventors of the world? Again this lesson comes before us. The great inventor sits next to you, or you are the person yourself. "Oh," but you will say, "I have never invented anything in my life." Neither did the great inventors until they discovered one great secret. The really great man is a plain, straightforward, every-day, common-sense man. You would not dream that he was a great inventor if you did not see something he had actually done. His neighbors do not regard him so great. 谁是世界上最伟大的发明家？这个教训再次出现在我们面前。伟大的发明家就坐在你旁边，或者就是你自己。"哦，"你会说，"我这辈子从没发明过任何东西。"伟大的发明家在发现那个伟大秘密之前也没有。真正伟大的人是朴素、直率、日常、有常识的人。如果你没看到他实际做过什么，你做梦也不会想到他是伟大的发明家。他的邻居也不觉得他伟大。
You never see anything great over your back fence. You say there is no greatness among your neighbors. It is all away off somewhere else. Their greatness is ever so simple, so plain, so earnest, so practical, that the neighbors and friends never recognize it. True greatness is often unrecognized. That is sure. You do not know anything about the greatest men and women. 你从不会在后院篱笆那边看到伟大。你说邻居中没有伟大的人。伟大都在别的什么地方。他们的伟大如此简单、朴素、认真、实际，以至于邻居朋友从不认识。真正的伟大常不被认可。这是确定的。你对最伟大的男女一无所知。
I went out to write the life of General Garfield, and a neighbor, knowing I was in a hurry, and as there was a great crowd around the front door, took me around to General Garfield's back door and shouted, "Jim! Jim!" And very soon "Jim" came to the door and let me in, and I wrote the biography of one of the grandest men of the nation, and yet he was just the same old "Jim" to his neighbor. If you know a great man in Philadelphia and you should meet him to-morrow, you would say, "How are you, Sam?" or "Good morning, Jim." Of course you would. That is just what you would do. 我去写加菲尔德将军的传记，一位邻居知道我赶时间，由于前门围着一大群人，就带我绕到加菲尔德将军的后门喊："吉姆！吉姆！"很快"吉姆"来开门让我进去。我写下了这个国家最伟大人物之一的传记，但他对邻居来说还是那个老"吉姆"。如果你认识费城的伟人，明天遇见他，你会说："萨姆你好"或"吉姆早安"。你当然会。你就是会那样做。
One of my soldiers in the Civil War had been sentenced to death, and I went up to the White House in Washington - sent there for the first time in my life - to see the President. I went into the waiting-room and sat down with a lot of others on the benches, and the secretary asked one after another to tell him what they wanted. After the secretary had been through the line, he went in, and then came back to the door and motioned for me. 内战时我有个士兵被判死刑，我生平第一次去华盛顿白宫见总统。我走进等候室，和其他人一起坐在长椅上，秘书一个接一个地问他们有什么事。秘书问完一行人后进去，然后回到门口示意我。
I went up to that anteroom, and the secretary said: "That is the President's door right over there. Just rap on it and go right in." I was never so taken aback, friends, in all my life, never. There I was, in the hallway by myself before the President of the United States of America's door. I had been on fields of battle, where the shells did sometimes shriek and the bullets did sometimes hit me, but I always wanted to run. 我走到前厅，秘书说："那边就是总统的门。敲门进去就行。"朋友们，我平生从未如此吃惊。我一个人站在美利坚合众国总统门前。我上过战场，那里炮弹呼啸、子弹有时击中我，但我总想逃跑。
I have no sympathy with the old man who says, "I would just as soon march up into the cannon's mouth as eat my dinner." I have no faith in a man who doesn't know enough to be afraid when he is being shot at. I never was so afraid when the shells came around us at Antietam as I was when I went into that room that day; but I finally mustered the courage-I don't know how I ever did-and at arm's length tapped on the door. The man inside did not help me at all, but yelled out, "Come in and sit down!" 我不同情说"我宁愿走进炮口也不想吃饭"的老人。我不相信一个人被枪击时不知道害怕。在安提塔姆炮弹呼啸时，我从未像那天走进那个房间那样害怕。但我终于鼓起勇气——不知道怎么做到的——伸长手臂敲了敲门。里面的人一点没帮我，只喊道："进来坐下！"
Well, I went in and sat down on the edge of a chair, and wished I were in Europe, and the man at the table did not look up. He was one of the world's greatest men, and was made great by one single rule. Oh, that all the young people of Philadelphia were before me now and I could say just this one thing, and that they would remember it. I would give a lifetime for the effect it would have on our city and on civilization. 嗯，我进去坐在椅子边上，恨不得人在欧洲。桌前那人没抬头。他是世界上最伟大的人之一，靠一条简单的规则成为伟人。哦，但愿费城所有年轻人都站在我面前，我能只说这一件事，他们会记住。我愿用一生来换取它对我们城市和文明的影响。
Abraham Lincoln's principle for greatness can be adopted by nearly all. This was his rule: Whatsoever he had to do at all, he put his whole mind in to it and held it and held it all there until that was all done. That makes men great almost anywhere. He stuck to those papers at that table and did not look up at me, and I sat there trembling. 亚伯拉罕·林肯的伟大原则几乎所有人都能采纳。他的规则是：无论做什么事，都全神贯注，把全部心思集中其上，直到完成。这使人几乎在任何地方都伟大。他埋头桌上的文件，没有抬头看我，我坐在那里发抖。
Finally, when he put the string around his papers, he pushed them over to one side and looked over at me, and a smile came over his worn face. He said: "I am a very busy man and have only a few minutes to spare. Now tell me in the fewest words what it is you want." I began to tell him, and mentioned the case, and he said: "I have heard all about it and you do not need to say any more. Mr. Stanton was talking to me only a few days ago about that." 最后，他用绳子捆好文件，推到一边，抬头看我，疲惫的脸上浮现微笑。他说："我很忙，只有几分钟。现在用最简短的话告诉我你想要什么。"我开始讲述，提到那个案子，他说："我都听说了，你不必再说。斯坦顿先生几天前刚跟我谈过。"
"You can go to the hotel and rest assured that the President never did sign an order to shoot a boy under twenty years of age, and never will. You can say that to his mother anyhow." Then he said to me, "How is it going in the field?" I said, "We sometimes get discouraged." And he said: "It is all right. We are going to win out now. We are getting very near the light. No man ought to wish to be President of the United States, and I will be glad when I get through; the Tad and I are going out to Springfield, Illinois." "你可以回酒店放心，总统从未签署过枪决二十岁以下男孩的命令，也永远不会。你可以这样告诉他母亲。"然后他问我："战场上情况如何？"我说："有时我们感到泄气。"他说："没事。我们快赢了。我们接近光明了。没有人应该想当美国总统，我卸任后会高兴的；塔德和我要去伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德。"
"I have bought a farm out there and I don't care if I again earn only twenty-five cents a day. Tad has a mule team, and we are going to plant onions." Then he asked me, "Were you brought up on a farm?" I said, "Yes; in the Berkshire Hills of Massachusetts." He then threw his leg over the corner of the big chair and said, "I have heard many a time, ever since I was young, that up there in those hills you have to sharpen the noses of the sheep in order to get down to the grass between the rocks." "我在那里买了个农场，我不在乎一天又只挣二十五美分。塔德有骡队，我们要种洋葱。"然后他问我："你在农场长大吗？"我说："是的；在马萨诸塞的伯克希尔丘陵。"他一条腿跨过大椅子的角说："我从小就常听说，在那边的丘陵上，你得把羊的鼻子削尖才能在石头间吃到草。"
He was so familiar, so everyday, so farmer-like, that I felt right at home with him at once. He then took hold of another roll of paper, and looked up at me and said, "Good morning." I took the hint then and got up and went out. After I had gotten out I could not realize I had seen the President of the United States at all. 他如此亲切、如此日常、如此农夫般，我立刻觉得像在家一样。他拿起另一卷文件，抬头看我："早安。"我领会了暗示，起身走出去。出去后我无法相信自己见到了美国总统。
But a few days later, when still in the city, I saw the crowd pass through the East Room by the coffin of Abraham Lincoln, and when I looked at the upturned face of the murdered President I felt then that the man I had seen such a short time before, who, so simple a man, so plain a man, was one of the greatest men that God ever raised up to lead a nation on to ultimate liberty. 但几天后，仍在城里时，我看到人群穿过东厅从亚伯拉罕·林肯的灵柩旁经过。当我看着这位被暗杀的总统仰起的脸时，我才感到，我前不久见到的那位如此简单、如此朴素的人，是上帝所兴起的引导一个国家走向最终自由的最伟大人物之一。
Yet he was only "Old Abe" to his neighbors. When they had the second funeral, I was invited among others, and went out to see that some coffin put back in the tomb at Springfield. Around the tomb stood Lincoln's old neighbors, to whom he was just "Old Abe." 然而他对邻居来说只是"老亚伯"。举行第二次葬礼时，我受邀前往，看着那个棺木放回斯普林菲尔德的墓中。墓旁站着林肯的老邻居，对他来说林肯只是"老亚伯"。
Did you ever see a man who struts around altogether too large to notice an ordinary working mechanic? Do you think he is great? He is nothing but a puffed-up balloon, held down by his big feet. There is no greatness there. My attention was called the other day to the history of a very little thing that made the fortune of a very poor man. It was an awful thing, and yet because of that experience he - not a great inventor or genius - invented the pin that now is called the safety-pin, and out of that safety-pin made the fortune of one of the great aristocratic families of this nation. 你见过那种趾高气扬、目中无人到看不见普通工人的男人吗？你觉得他伟大吗？他不过是个被大脚压住的充气球。那里没有伟大。前几天我的注意力被引向一件小事的历史，它让一个非常穷的人发了财。那件事很可怕，但正因为那次经历，他——不是伟大的发明家或天才——发明了现在被称为安全别针的别针，并从中赚出了一个美国贵族家族的财富。
A poor man in Massachusetts who had worked in the nail-works was injured at thirty-eight, and he could earn but little money. He was employed in the office to rub out the marks on the bills made by pencil memorandums, and he used a rubber until his hand grew tired. He then tied a piece of rubber on the end of a stick and worked it like a plane. His little girl came and said, "Why, you have a patent, haven't you?" 马萨诸塞一个在铁钉厂工作的穷人三十八岁受伤，赚不了多少钱。他被雇在办公室用橡皮擦掉账单上铅笔写的记号，手擦累了。于是他把橡皮绑在棍子末端像刨子一样用。小女儿过来说："哇，你发明了专利，对吧？"
The father said afterward, "My daughter told me when I took the stick and put the rubber on the end that there was a patent, and that was the first thought of that." He went to Boston and applied for his patent, and every one of you that has a rubber-tipped pencil in your pocket is now paying tribute to the millionaire. All was income, all the way up into the millions. 父亲后来说："我女儿告诉我，当我拿棍子把橡皮绑上去时，她说那是个专利，那是第一次想到。"他去波士顿申请专利，你们口袋里每有一支带橡皮头的铅笔，都在向这位百万富翁进贡。全是收入，一路涨到数百万。
But let me hasten to one other greater thought. "Show me the great men and women who live in Philadelphia." A gentleman over there will get up and say: "We don't have any great men in Philadelphia. They don't live here. They live away off in Rome or St. Petersburg or London or Manayunk, or anywhere else but here in our town." I have come now to the apex of my thought. I have come now to the heart of the whole matter and to the center of my struggle: Why isn't Philadelphia a greater city in its greater wealth? Why does New York excel Philadelphia? People say, "Because of her harbor." 让我赶紧进入另一个更重要的想法。"给我看看住在费城的伟人。"那边有位先生会站起来说："费城没有伟人。他们不住这里。他们住在罗马、圣彼得堡、伦敦或马纳扬克，或者我们城市以外的任何地方。"我现在到了思想的顶点。我到了整个问题的核心和我奋斗的中心：为什么费城不是更伟大的城市、拥有更巨大的财富？为什么纽约胜过费城？人们说"因为她的港口"。
Why do many other cities of the United States get ahead of Philadelphia now? There is only one answer, and that is because our own people talk down their own city. If there ever was a community on earth that has to be forced ahead, it is the city of Philadelphia. If we are to have a boulevard, talk it down; if we are going to have better schools, talk them down; if you wish to have wise legislation, talk it down; talk all the proposed improvements down. That is the only great wrong that I can lay at the feet of the magnificent Philadelphia that has been so universally kind to me. 为什么现在美国许多其他城市超过了费城？只有一个答案，那就是因为我们自己贬低自己的城市。如果世上有一个社区必须被推着前进，那就是费城。如果要建林荫大道，就贬低它；要更好的学校，就贬低它；希望明智的立法，就贬低它；把所有提议的改善都贬低。这是我能归咎于对我如此仁慈的费城的唯一大错。
I say it is time we turn around in our city and begin to talk up the things that are in our city, and begin to set them before the world as the people of Chicago, New York, St. Louis, and San Francisco do. 我说是时候在我们的城市里转变，开始赞扬我们城市中的事物，开始像芝加哥、纽约、圣路易斯和旧金山人那样把它们呈现给世界。
Oh, if we only could get that spirit out among our people, that we can do things in Philadelphia and do them well! Arise, you millions of Philadelphians, trust in God and man, and believe in the great opportunities that are right here - not over in New York or Boston, but here - for business, for everything that is worth living for on earth. There was never an opportunity greater. Let us talk up our own city. 哦，但愿我们能把这种精神传播到人民中，我们能在费城做事并做好！起来吧，费城的百万民众，信任上帝和人类，相信就在这里——不是在纽约或波士顿，而是这里——有着商业和一切值得为之生活的事物的巨大机会。从未有过比这更大的机会。让我们赞扬自己的城市。
But there are two other young men here to-night, and that is all I will venture to say, because it is too late. One over there gets up and says, "There is going to be a great man in Philadelphia, but never was one." "Oh, is that so? When are you going to be great?" "When I am elected to some political office." Young man, won't you learn a lesson in the primer of politics that is a prima facie evidence of littleness to hold office under our form of government? Great men get into office sometimes, but what this country needs is men that will do what we tell them to do. 但今晚还有两个年轻人，我就冒昧说这些，因为太晚了。那边一个站起来说："费城会有伟人，但从未有过。""哦，是吗？你什么时候伟大？""当我当选某个政治职位时。"年轻人，你难道不能从政治入门书里学一课：在我们的政府体制下担任职位是渺小的初步证据吗？伟人有时会进入政府，但这个国家需要的是照我们吩咐做事的人。
This nation - Where the people rule - is governed by the people, for the people, and so long as it is, then the office-holder is but the servant of the people, and the Bible says the servant cannot be greater than the master. The Bible says, "He that is sent cannot be greater than Him who sent Him." The people rule, or should rule; and if they do, we do not need the greater men in office. If the great men in America took our offices, we would change to an empire in the next ten years. 这个国家——民治的国家——由人民、为人民治理，只要如此，官员不过是人民的仆人，《圣经》说仆人不能大于主人。《圣经》说："奉差遣的不能大于差遣他的。"人民统治，或应当统治；如果是这样，我们不需要伟人在政府任职。如果美国的伟人占据了我们的职位，十年内我们就会变成帝国。
I know of a great many young women, now that woman's suffrage is coming, who say, "I am going to be President of the United States some day." I believe in woman's suffrage, and there is no doubt but what is coming, and I am getting out of the way, anyhow. I may want an office by and by myself; but if the ambition of an office influences the women in their desire to vote, I want to say right here what I say to the young men, that if you only get the privilege of casting one vote, you don't get anything that is worth while. 我知道许多年轻女子，如今妇女选举权即将到来，她们说："有一天我要当美国总统。"我支持妇女选举权，毫无疑问它即将到来，不管怎样我都要让路了。我也许哪天自己也想要职位；但如果职位的野心影响妇女投票的愿望，我想在这里像对年轻人说的一样说：如果你们只获得投一票的特权，你们没有得到什么值得的东西。
Unless you can control more than one vote, you will be unknown, and your influence so dissipated as practically not to be felt. This country is not run by votes. Do you think it is? It is governed by influence. It is governed by the ambitions and the enterprises which control votes. The young woman that thinks she is going to vote for the sake of holding an office is making an awful blunder. 除非你能控制不止一票，否则你会默默无闻，你的影响力如此分散以至于几乎感觉不到。这个国家不是靠选票运行的。你以为是这样吗？它靠影响力运行。它靠控制选票的野心和企业运行。那个以为投票就能当职位的年轻女子犯了一个可怕的错误。
That other young man gets up and says, "There are going to be great men in this country and in Philadelphia." "Is that so? When?" "When there comes a great war, when we get into difficulty through watchful waiting in Mexico; when we get into war with England over some frivolous deed, or with Japan or China or New Jersey or some distant country. Then I will march up to the cannon's mouth; I will sweep up among the glistening bayonets; I will leap into the arena and tear down the flag and bear it away in triumph." 那个年轻人站起来说："这个国家和费城会有伟人。""是吗？什么时候？""当伟大的战争来临，当我们因在墨西哥观望等待而陷入困境；当我们因某件琐事与英国开战，或与日本、中国、新泽西或某个遥远国家开战。那时我会走到炮口前；我会在闪亮的刺刀中冲锋；我会跃入竞技场扯下旗帜凯旋。"
"I will come home with stars on my shoulder, and hold every office in the gift of the nation, and I will be great." No, you won't. You think you are going to be made great by an office, but remember that if you are not great before you get the office, you won't be great when you secure it. It will only be a burlesque in that shape. "我会肩上带星星回家，担任国家赐予的一切职位，我会伟大。"不，你不会。你以为职位能使你伟大，但记住，如果你在得到职位之前不伟大，得到之后也不会伟大。那不过是滑稽模仿。
We had a Peace Jubilee here after the Spanish War. Out West they don't believe this, because they said, "Philadelphia would not have heard of any Spanish War until fifty years hence." Some of you saw the procession go up Broad Street, I was away, but the family wrote to me that the tally-ho coach with Lieutenant Hobson upon it stopped right at the front door and the people shouted, "Hurrah for Hobson!" and if I had been there I would have yelled too, because he deserves much more of his country than he has ever received. 美西战争后我们这里有和平庆典。西部人不相信，因为他们说"费城五十年内都不会听说美西战争。"你们有些人看到了游行队伍沿布罗德街行进。我不在，家人写信告诉我，载着霍布森中尉的公共马车正好停在前门，人们高喊"霍布森万岁！"如果我在那里也会喊，因为他应得的远比他得到的多。
But suppose I go into school and say, "Who sunk the Merrimac at Santiago?" and if the boys answer me, "Hobson," they will tell me seven-eighths of a lie. There were seven other heroes on that steamer, and they, by virtue of their position, were continually exposed to the Spanish fire, while Hobson, as an officer, might reasonably be behind the smoke-stack. You have gathered in this house your most intelligent people, and yet, perhaps, not one here can name the other seven men. 但假设我到学校问："谁在圣地亚哥沉没了梅里马克号？"如果男孩们回答"霍布森"，他们就说了八分之七的谎。那艘船上还有七位英雄，他们因职务之故持续暴露在西班牙炮火下，而霍布森作为军官本可以合理地躲在烟囱后面。你们聚集了最有智慧的人，但也许这里没有一人能说出其他七个人的名字。
We ought not to so teach history. We ought to teach that, however humble a man's station may be, if he does his full duty in that place he is just as much entitled to the American people's honor as is the king upon his throne. But we do not so teach. We are now teaching everywhere that the generals do all the fighting. 我们不应这样教历史。我们应该教：无论一个人的地位多么卑微，如果他在那个位置上尽了全力，他就有权获得美国人民的敬意，如同王座上的国王。但我们不这样教。我们现在到处教将军们做了所有战斗。
I remember that, after the war, I went down to see General Robert E. Lee, that magnificent Christian gentleman of whom both North and South are now proud as one of our great Americans. The general told me about his servant, "Rastus," who was an enlisted colored soldier. He called him in one day to make fun of him, and said, "Rastus, I hear that all the rest of your company are killed, and why are you not killed?" Rastus winked at him and said, "'Cause when there is any fightin' goin' on I stay back with the generals." 我记得战后我去见罗伯特·李将军，那位南北双方如今都引以为傲的伟大美国基督徒绅士。将军告诉我他的仆人"拉斯塔斯"，一名有色人士兵。一天他把拉斯塔斯叫来取笑，说："拉斯塔斯，听说你那一班其他人都阵亡了，你怎么没死？"拉斯塔斯对他眨眨眼说："因为一打仗我就跟将军们待在后面。"
I remember another illustration. I would leave it out but for the fact that when you go to the library to read this lecture, you will find this has been printed in it for twenty-five years. I shut my eyes - shut them close - and lo! I see the faces of my youth. Yes, they sometimes say to me, "Your hair is not white; you are working night and day without seeming ever to stop; you can't be old." 我记得另一个例子。我会省略它，但因为你去图书馆读这篇演讲时会发现这已印在其中二十五年。我闭上眼睛——紧闭——看啊！我看到了青年时代的面孔。是的，他们有时对我说："你的头发没白；你日夜工作似乎从不停止；你不可能是老人。"
But when I shut my eyes, like any other man of my years, oh, then come trooping back the faces of the loved and lost of long ago, and I know, whatever men may say, it is evening-time. I shut my eyes now and look back to my native town in Massachusetts, and I see the cattle-show ground on the mountain-top; I can see the horse-sheds there. I can see the Congregational church; see the town hall and mountaineers' cottages; see a great assembly of people turning out, dressed resplendently, and I can see flags flying and handkerchiefs waving and hear bands playing. 但当我闭上眼睛，像我这把年纪的任何人一样，哦，那时久远前逝去挚爱的面容纷纷涌回。我知道，无论人们怎么说，已是暮年时分。我现在闭上眼睛回望马萨诸塞的故乡，看到山顶的牲畜展览会场地；看到马棚。看到公理会教堂；看到镇公所和山民的小屋；看到一大群人盛装出席，看到旗帜飘扬手帕挥舞听到乐队演奏。
I can see that company of soldiers that had re-enlisted marching up on that cattle-show ground. I was but a boy, but I was captain of that company and puffed out with pride. A cambric needle would have burst me all to pieces. Then I thought it was the greatest event that ever came to man on earth. The bands played, and all the people turned out to receive us. I marched up that Common so proud at the head of my troops, and we turned down into the town hall. Then they seated my soldiers down the center aisle and I sat down on the front seat. 我看到那队重新入伍的士兵走向牲畜展览场地。我不过是个男孩，却是那队的上尉，骄傲得不行。一根细针就能让我炸开。那时我以为那是世上最伟大的事。乐队演奏，所有人都出来迎接我们。我骄傲地率队走过公地，转入镇公所。然后他们让我的士兵坐在中央过道两侧，我坐在前排。
A great assembly of people - a hundred or two - came in to fill the town hall, so that they stood up all around. Then the town officers came in and formed a half-circle. The mayor of the town sat in the middle of the platform. He was a man who had never held office before; but he was a good man, and his friends have told me that I might use this without giving them offense. He was a good man, but he thought an office made a man great. 一大群人——一两百人——进来挤满镇公所，四周都站着。然后镇官员进来围成半圆。镇长坐在平台中央。他是个从未担任过公职的人；但他是个好人，他的朋友告诉我可以讲这事而不冒犯他们。他是个好人，但以为官职使人伟大。
He came up and took his seat, adjusted his powerful spectacles, and looked around, when he suddenly spied me sitting there on the front seat. He came right forward on the platform and invited me up to sit with the town officers. No town officer ever took any notice of me before I went to war, except to advise the teacher to thrash me, and now I was invited up on the stand with the town officers. Oh my! the town mayor was then the emperor, the king of our day and our time. 他走上来坐下，扶了扶度数很深的眼镜环顾四周，突然看到我坐在前排。他径直走到平台前邀请我上去和镇官员坐在一起。我去打仗前没有任何镇官员注意过我，除了劝老师揍我，现在我却被邀请到台上与镇官员同坐。天哪！镇长当时就是皇帝，是我们那个时代那个时刻的国王。
When I had got seated, the chairman of the Selectmen arose and came forward to the table, and we all supposed he would introduce the Congregational minister, who was the only orator in town, and that he would give the oration to the returning soldiers. 我坐下后，镇政委员会主席起身走到桌前，我们都以为他会介绍镇上唯一的演说家——公理会牧师，由他给归来的士兵致辞。
But, friends, you should have seen the surprise which ran over the audience when they discovered that the old fellow was going to deliver that speech himself. He had never made a speech in his life, but he fell into the same error that hundreds of other men have fallen into - he seems to think all he has to do is to hold an office to be a great orator. 但朋友们，当观众发现那老头要自己演讲时，你们该看到他们脸上的惊讶。他一辈子没做过演讲，却犯了数百人犯过的同样错误——似乎以为只要担任官职就是伟大的演说家。
So he came up to the front, and brought with him a speech which he had learned by heart walking up and down the pasture, where he had frightened the cattle. He brought the manuscript with him and spread it out on the table so as to be sure he might see it. He adjusted his spectacles and leaned over it for a moment and marched back on that platform, and then came forward like this - tramp, tramp, tramp. 于是他走到前面，带来一篇他在牧场来回踱步时背下来的演讲稿——在牧场他吓坏了牛。他带着手稿铺在桌上以便随时能看到。扶了扶眼镜俯身看了一会儿，回到平台上，然后这样走过来——咚、咚、咚。
He must have studied the subject a great deal, then you come to think of it, because he assumed an "elocutionary" attitude. He rested heavily upon his left heel, threw back his shoulders, slightly advanced the right foot, opened the organs of speech, and advanced his right foot at an angle of forty-five. 他一定研究这个课题很深，你想，因为他摆出"演说"姿势。他重重地靠在左脚跟上，肩膀后张，右脚略向前迈，打开发声器官，右脚以四十五度角前伸。
As he stood in that elocutionary attitude, friends, this is just the way that speech went. Some people say to me, "Don't you exaggerate?" That would be impossible. But I am here for the lesson and not for the story, and this is the way it went: "Fellow-citizens" - As soon as he heard his voice his fingers began to go like that, his knees begin to shake, and then he trembled all over. He choked and swallowed and came around to the table to look at the manuscript. 当他以那种演说姿势站着时，朋友们，演讲就是这样开始的。有人对我说："你夸张了吗？"那是不可能的。我是来讲教训而非讲故事的，演讲是这样开始的："同胞们"——他一听到自己的声音，手指就开始那样动，膝盖开始抖，然后全身发抖。他哽咽吞咽，回到桌前看手稿。
Then he gathered himself up with clenched fists and came back: "Fellow-citizens, we are - Fellow-citizens, we are - we are - we are - we are - we are - we are very happy - we are very happy - we are very happy. We are very happy to welcome back to their native town these soldiers who have fought and bled - and come back again to their native town. We are especially - we are especially - we are especially. 然后他握紧拳头振作精神走回来："同胞们，我们——同胞们，我们——我们——我们——我们——我们——我们非常高兴——我们非常高兴——我们非常高兴。我们非常高兴欢迎这些浴血奋战——又回到故乡的士兵。我们特别——我们特别——我们特别。"
We are especially pleased to see with us to-day this young hero" (that meant me) - "this young hero who in imagination" (friends remember he said that; if he had not said "in imagination" I would have not be egotistic enough to refer to it at all). "我们特别高兴今天与这位年轻英雄在一起"（那指的是我）——"这位我们在想象中"（朋友们记得他说的"想象中"；如果不是说了"想象中"，我不会自大到提这事）。
"This young hero who in imagination we have seen leading - we have seen leading - leading. We have seen leading his troops on the deadly breach. We have seen his shining - we have seen his shining - his shining - his shining sword - flashing. Flashing in the sunlight, as he shouted to his troops, 'Come on'!" "这位我们在想象中看到率领——我们看到率领——率领。我们看到率领他的部队冲向致命的缺口。我们看到他闪亮的——我们看到他闪亮的——他闪亮的——他闪亮的剑——闪耀。在阳光下闪耀，他对部队高喊'冲啊'！"
Oh dear, dear, dear! How little that good man knew about war. If he had known anything about war at all he ought to have now that any of my G. A. R. comrades here to-night will tell you is true, that it is next to a crime for an officer of infantry ever in time of danger to go ahead of his men. "I, with my shining sword flashing in the sunlight, shouting to my troops, 'Come on'!" 天哪，天哪，天哪！那位好人对战争多么无知。如果他了解战争，他应该知道今晚我那些老兵战友会告诉你的话是真的：步兵军官在危险时走在部队前面几乎是一种罪过。"我，挥舞闪亮的剑，在阳光下闪耀，对部队高喊'冲啊'！"
I never did it. Do you suppose I would get in front of my men to be shot in front by the enemy and in the back by my own men? That is no place for an officer. The place for the officer in actual battle is behind the line. 我从未那样做。你以为我会走到部队前面，前面被敌人射、后面被自己人射吗？那不是军官的位置。实际战斗中军官的位置在战线后方。
How often, as a staff officer, I rode down the line, when our men were suddenly called to the line of a battle, and the Rebel yells were coming out of the woods, and shouted: "Officers to the rear! Officers to the rear!" Then every officer gets behind the line of private soldiers, and the higher the officer's rank the farther behind he goes. Not because he is any less brave, but because the laws of war require that. 作为参谋军官，我多少次骑马沿战线奔驰，当我们的士兵突然被召到战线、叛军呐喊从林中传来时，高喊："军官到后方！军官到后方！"然后每个军官都退到士兵战线后面，军衔越高退得越后。不是因为他更不勇敢，而是因为战争法则要求如此。
And yet he shouted, "I, with my shining sword -" In that house there sat the company of my soldiers who had carried that boy across the Carolina rivers that he might not wet his feet. Some of them had gone far out to get a pig or a chicken. Some of them had gone to death under the shell-swept pines in the mountains of Tennessee, yet in the good man's speech they were scarcely known. He did refer to them, but only incidentally. The hero of the hour was this boy. Did the nation own him anything? No, nothing then and nothing now. 然而他高喊"我，挥舞闪亮的剑——"屋子里坐着我那些士兵，他们曾抱着那个男孩过卡罗来纳的河免得他湿脚。有人远出偷猪偷鸡。有人在田纳西山岭炮火横扫的松林下赴死，然而在那好人的演讲中他们几乎不被提及。他确实提到了，但只是顺便。这一刻的英雄是这个男孩。国家欠他什么吗？不，那时不欠，现在也不欠。
Why was he the hero? Simply because that man fell into that same human error - that this boy was great because he was an officer and these were only private soldiers. Oh, I learned the lesson then that I will never forget so long as the tongue of the bell of time continues to swing for me. Greatness consists not in the holding of some future office, but really consists in doing great deeds with little means and the accomplishment of vast purposes from the private ranks of life. 为什么他是英雄？只因为那个人犯了同样的人性错误——以为这男孩伟大因为他是军官，而那些只是普通士兵。哦，那时我学到了永远不忘的教训，只要时间的钟舌继续为我摇摆。伟大不在于担任某个未来的职务，而真正在于用微小的手段做出伟大的事迹，从平民的行列中实现宏大的目标。
To be great at all one must be great here, now, in Philadelphia. He who can give to this city better streets and better sidewalks, better schools and more colleges, more happiness and more civilization, more of God, he will be great anywhere. Let every man or woman here, if you never hear me again, remember this, that if you wish to be great at all, you must begin where you are and what you are, in Philadelphia, now. 要想伟大，必须在此时此地的费城伟大。能给这座城市更好的街道和人行道、更好的学校和更多学院、更多幸福和文明、更多上帝的人，在哪里都会伟大。这里的每个人，如果你再也听不到我说话，请记住：如果你想伟大，你必须从你所在的地方、从你现在的身份开始，在费城，现在。
He that can give to his city any blessing, he who can be a good citizen while he lives here, he that can make better homes, he that can be a blessing whether he works in the shop or sits behind the counter or keeps house, whatever be his life, he who would be great anywhere must first be great in his own Philadelphia. 能给他的城市任何祝福的人，活着时能做好公民的人，能建造更好家园的人，无论在车间工作、坐在柜台后还是操持家务，能成为祝福的人——无论他的生活是什么，想在任何地方伟大的人必须首先在自己的费城伟大。