Thank you very much, Tom, for the gracious introduction. 非常感谢汤姆，感谢你热情的介绍。
I want to make a few other acknowledgments. To Tom Bell, the Chamber Board President, thank you for helping to organize this. There are some members of my administration I want to make sure are introduced. My Chief of Staff, Bill Daley, is here. Senior advisor Valerie Jarrett, who is interfacing with many of you and has gotten terrific advice from many of you, is here as well. Secretary Ray LaHood, our Transportation Secretary. Ambassador Ron Kirk, who is working hard to get trade deals around the world. 我想再做几个介绍。感谢商会董事会主席汤姆·贝尔帮助组织这次活动。我想介绍一下我的政府的一些成员。我的办公厅主任比尔·戴利在这里。高级顾问瓦莱丽·贾勒特在这里，她与你们中的许多人有过接触，并从你们那里得到了极好的建议。交通部长雷·拉胡德在这里。正在努力与世界各地达成贸易协议的罗恩·科克大使在这里。
Our Small Business Administration Administrator Karen Mills. My director of the National Economic Council, Gene Sperling, is here. And I also want to make mention, Fred Hochberg, our Export-Import Bank Chairman; Elizabeth Littlefield, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation President. And I also want to acknowledge a good friend, Paul Volcker, the outgoing chair of the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board. Thank you all for being here. 小企业管理局局长凯伦·米尔斯在这里。国家经济委员会主任吉恩·斯珀林在这里。我还想提一下，进出口银行主席弗雷德·霍赫伯格在这里；海外私人投资公司总裁伊丽莎白·利特菲尔德在这里。我还要感谢一位好朋友，即将离任的总统经济复苏顾问委员会主席保罗·沃尔克。感谢大家的到来。
Now, Tom, it is good to be here today at the Chamber of Commerce. I'm here in the interest of being more neighborly. I strolled over from across the street, and look, maybe if we had brought over a fruitcake when I first moved in, we would have gotten off to a better start. But I'm going to make up for it. 汤姆，今天很高兴来到商会。我来这里是为了表示友好。我从街对面走过来，你看，也许我刚搬来的时候带个水果蛋糕来，我们的关系会有一个更好的开始。但我会弥补的。
The truth is, this isn't the first time I've been to the Chamber, or the first time that we've exchanged ideas. Over the last two years, I've sought advice from many of you as we were grappling with the worst recession most of us have ever known. It's a recession that led to some very difficult decisions. For many of you, that meant restructuring and branch closings and layoffs that I know were very painful to make. 事实上，这不是我第一次来到商会，也不是我们第一次交流想法。过去两年，在我们应对大多数人都经历过的最严重衰退时，我向你们中的许多人寻求了建议。这场衰退导致了一些非常困难的决定。对你们中的许多人来说，这意味着重组、关闭分支机构和裁员，我知道这非常痛苦。
For my administration, it meant a series of emergency measures that I would not have undertaken under normal circumstances, but that were necessary to stop our economy from falling off a cliff. 对我的政府来说，这意味着一系列在正常情况下我不会采取的紧急措施，但这些措施对于防止我们的经济崩溃是必要的。
Now, on some issues, like the Recovery Act, we've found common cause. On other issues, we've had some pretty strong disagreements. But I'm here today because I am convinced, as Tom mentioned in his introduction, that we can and we must work together. Whatever differences we may have, I know that all of us share a deep, abiding belief in this country, a belief in our people, a belief in the principles that have made America's economy the envy of the world. 在一些问题上，比如复苏法案，我们找到了共同点。在其他问题上，我们有一些相当强烈的分歧。但我今天来到这里是因为我确信，正如汤姆在他的介绍中提到的那样，我们能够而且必须共同努力。无论我们有什么分歧，我知道我们所有人都对这个国家怀有深厚而持久的信念，对我们人民的信念，对那些使美国经济成为世界羡慕对象的原则的信念。
America's success didn't happen overnight, and it didn't happen by accident. It happened because of the freedom that has allowed good ideas to flourish, that has allowed capitalism to thrive; it happened because of the conviction that in this country hard work should be rewarded and that opportunity should be there for anybody who's willing to reach for it. 美国的成功不是一夜之间发生的，也不是偶然发生的。它之所以发生，是因为自由让好想法得以蓬勃发展，让资本主义得以繁荣；它之所以发生，是因为信念，即在这个国家，努力工作应该得到回报，机会应该给予任何愿意争取的人。
And because it happened at every juncture in our history -- not just once, not just twice, but over and over again -- we came together to remake ourselves; we came together as one nation and did what was necessary to win the future. That is why I am so confident that we will win the future again. 因为它在我们历史的每一个关键时刻都发生了——不仅仅一次，不仅仅两次，而是一次又一次——我们团结起来重塑自己；我们作为一个国家团结起来，做了赢得未来所必需的事情。这就是为什么我对我们将再次赢得未来充满信心。
That's the challenge that we face today. We still have, by far, the world's largest and most vibrant economy. We have the most productive workers, the finest universities and the freest markets. The men and women in this room are living testimony that American industry is still the source of the most dynamic companies, and the most ingenious entrepreneurs. 这就是我们今天面临的挑战。我们仍然拥有世界上最大、最具活力的经济。我们拥有最高效的工人、最优秀的大学和最自由的市场。在座的各位就是活生生的证明，美国工业仍然是最具活力的公司和最具创造力的企业家的源泉。
But we also know that with the march of technology over the last few decades, the competition for jobs and businesses has grown fierce. The globalization of our economy means that businesses can now open up a shop, employ workers and produce their goods wherever an Internet connection exists. Tasks that were once done by 1,000 workers can now be done by 100 or in some cases even 10. 但我们也知道，随着过去几十年技术的进步，对就业和企业的竞争已经变得激烈。我们经济的全球化意味着企业现在可以在任何有互联网连接的地方开设商店、雇用工人和生产产品。曾经由1000名工人完成的任务现在可以由100人甚至在某些情况下由10人完成。
And the truth is, as countries like China and India and Brazil grow and develop larger middle classes, it's profitable for global companies to aggressively pursue these markets and, at times, to set up facilities in these countries. 事实是，随着中国、印度和巴西等国家的发展和中产阶级的扩大，全球公司积极追求这些市场并在这些国家设立设施是有利可图的。
These forces are as unstoppable as they are powerful. But combined with a brutal and devastating recession, these forces have also shaken the faith of the American people -- in the institutions of business and government. They see a widening chasm of wealth and opportunity in this country, and they wonder if the American Dream is slipping away. 这些力量势不可挡，但它们与残酷而毁灭性的衰退相结合，也动摇了美国人民的信心——对商业和政府机构的信心。他们看到这个国家财富和机会的鸿沟在扩大，他们怀疑美国梦是否正在溜走。
They wonder if the middle class, rather than expanding as it has through our lifetimes, is in the midst of an inexorable contraction. And we can't ignore these concerns. We have to renew people's faith in the promise of this country -- that this is a place where you can make it if you try. And we have to do this together: business and government; workers and CEOs; Democrats and Republicans. 他们怀疑中产阶级是否正在经历无情的收缩，而不是像我们一生中那样扩大。我们不能忽视这些担忧。我们必须重燃人们对这个国家承诺的信心——这是一个只要你努力就能成功的地方。我们必须共同努力：政府和企业；工人和首席执行官；民主党人和共和党人。
We know what it will take for America to win the future. We need to out-innovate, we need to out-educate, we need to out-build our competitors. We need an economy that's based not on what we consume and borrow from other nations, but on what we make and what we sell around the world. We need to make America the best place on Earth to do business. 我们知道美国赢得未来需要什么。我们需要在创新上超越，在教育上超越，在建设上超越我们的竞争对手。我们需要一个不是基于我们消费和向其他国家借贷，而是基于我们制造和向世界各地销售的经济。我们需要让美国成为地球上做生意的最佳地方。
And this is a job for all of us. As a government, we will help lay the foundation for you to grow and innovate and succeed. We will upgrade our transportation and communication networks so you can move goods and information more quickly and more cheaply. We'll invest in education so that you can hire the most skilled, talented workers in the world. And we'll work to knock down barriers that make it harder for you to compete, from the tax code to the regulatory system. 这是我们所有人的责任。作为政府，我们将帮助为你们的成长、创新和成功奠定基础。我们将升级我们的交通和通信网络，以便你们能更快、更便宜地运输货物和信息。我们将投资教育，以便你们能雇佣世界上最有技能、最有才华的工人。我们将努力消除使你们更难竞争的障碍，从税收到监管体系。
But I want to be clear: Even as we make America the best place on Earth to do business, businesses also have a responsibility to America. 但我想明确一点：即使我们让美国成为地球上做生意的最佳地方，企业也对美国负有责任。
I understand the challenges you face. I understand you are under incredible pressure to cut costs and keep your margins up. I understand the significance of your obligations to your shareholders and the pressures that are created by quarterly reports. I get it. 我理解你们面临的挑战。我理解你们面临着削减成本和保持利润率的巨大压力。我理解你们对股东的义务以及季度报告所产生的压力。我理解。
But as we work with you to make America a better place to do business, I'm hoping that all of you are thinking what you can do for America. Ask yourselves what you can do to hire more American workers, what you can do to support the American economy and invest in this nation. That's what I want to talk about today -- the responsibilities we all have -- the mutual responsibilities we have -- to secure the future that we all share. 但在我们与你们合作使美国成为更好的经商之地时，我希望你们所有人都在思考你们能为美国做什么。问问自己，你们能做些什么来雇佣更多的美国工人，你们能做些什么来支持美国经济并投资于这个国家。这就是我今天想谈论的——我们所有人都有的责任——我们共同承担的责任——以确保我们共同拥有的未来。
Now, as a country, we have a responsibility to encourage American innovation. I talked about this quite a bit at my State of the Union. 作为一个国家，我们有责任鼓励美国创新。我在国情咨文中详细谈到了这一点。
Companies like yours have always driven the discovery of new products and new ideas. You do it better than anybody. But what you also know is that it's not always profitable to -- in the short-term, at least -- for you to invest in basic research. It's very expensive, and the payoffs are not always clear and they're not always localized. And that's why government has traditionally helped invest in this kind of science, planting the seeds that ultimately grew into technologies from the computer chips to the Internet. 像你们这样的公司一直推动着新产品和新想法的发现。你们比任何人都做得更好。但你们也知道，至少在短期内，投资基础研究并不总是有利可图的。它非常昂贵，回报并不总是明确的，也并不总是本地化的。这就是为什么政府传统上帮助投资这类科学，播下最终成长为从计算机芯片到互联网技术的种子。
That's why we're making investments today in the next generation of big ideas -- in biotechnology, in information technology and in clean energy technology. We're reforming our patent system so innovations can move more quickly to market. Steve Case is heading up a new partnership called Startup America to help entrepreneurs turn new ideas into new businesses and new jobs. And I've also proposed a bigger, permanent tax credit for all the research and development your companies do in this country. I believe that is a priority. 这就是为什么我们今天正在为下一代大创意进行投资——在生物技术、信息技术和清洁能源技术方面。我们正在改革专利制度，以便创新能更快地进入市场。史蒂夫·凯斯正在领导一个名为"创业美国"的新伙伴关系，帮助企业家将新想法转化为新业务和新工作。我还提议为你们公司在美国进行的所有研发提供更大的永久性税收抵免。我认为这是一个优先事项。
We also have a responsibility as a nation to provide our people with -- and our businesses -- with the fastest, most reliable way to move goods and information. The costs to business from outdated and inadequate infrastructure is enormous. And that's what we have right now -- outdated, inadequate infrastructure. 作为一个国家，我们还有责任为我们的人民和企业提供最快、最可靠的货物和信息运输方式。过时和不足的基础设施给企业带来的成本是巨大的。而我们现在拥有的正是——过时、不足的基础设施。
And any of you that have been traveling to other countries, you know it, you see it, and it affects your bottom lines. That's why I want to put more people to work rebuilding crumbling roads, rebuilding our bridges. 你们中去过其他国家的人，你们知道，你们看到了，这影响了你们的利润。这就是为什么我想让更多人从事重建破旧道路和桥梁的工作。
That's why I've proposed connecting 80 percent of the country with high-speed -- to high-speed rail, and making it possible for companies to put high-speed Internet coverage in the reach of virtually all Americans. 这就是为什么我提议将全国80%的地区连接到高速铁路，并使公司能够为几乎所有的美国人提供高速互联网覆盖。
You understand the importance of this. The fact is, the Chamber of Commerce and the AFL-CIO don't agree on a whole lot. Tom Donohue and Richard Trumka are not Facebook friends. Well, maybe -- I don't think you are anyway. I didn't check on this, but -- but they agree on the need to build a 21st-century infrastructure. 你们理解这的重要性。事实上，商会和美国劳工联合会-产业工会联合会（AFL-CIO）在很多事情上意见不一致。汤姆·多诺霍和理查德·特鲁姆卡不是脸书朋友。嗯，也许——我想你们不是。我没有查过这个，但是——但他们都同意需要建设21世纪的基础设施。
And I want to thank the Chamber for pushing Congress to make more infrastructure investments, and to do so in the most cost-effective way possible: with tax dollars that leverage private capital, and with projects that are determined not by politics, but by what's best for our economy. 我要感谢商会推动国会进行更多基础设施投资，并以最具成本效益的方式进行：用税收美元撬动私人资本，用不是由政治决定而是由对我们经济最有利的项目决定。
Third responsibility that we have as a nation is to invest in the skills and education of our young people. If we expect companies to do business and hire in America, America needs a pool of trained, talented workers that can out-compete anybody in the world. And that's why we're reforming K-12 education; that's why we're training 100,000 new math and science teachers; that's why we're making college more affordable, and revitalizing our community college system. 作为一个国家，我们的第三个责任是投资于年轻人的技能和教育。如果我们期望公司在美国做生意和雇佣，美国需要一批训练有素、有才华的工人，他们能够超越世界上任何人。这就是为什么我们正在改革K-12教育；这就是为什么我们正在培训10万名新的数学和科学教师；这就是为什么我们正在使大学更负担得起，并振兴我们的社区大学系统。
Recently I visited GE in Schenectady, which has partnered with a local community college. And while students train for jobs available at the nearby GE plant, they earn a paycheck and they've got their tuition covered. 最近我访问了斯克内克塔迪的通用电气公司，他们与当地社区大学建立了合作关系。当学生在附近的通用电气工厂接受工作培训时，他们可以赚取工资，学费也得到了保障。
And as a result, young people can find work, GE can fill high-skill positions, and the entire region has become more attractive to businesses. It's a win-win for everybody, and it's something we're trying to duplicate across the country. 因此，年轻人可以找到工作，通用电气可以填补高技能职位，整个地区对企业更具吸引力。这对每个人来说都是双赢的，我们正在全国各地推广这种做法。
Now, to make room for these investments in education, in innovation, in infrastructure, government also has a responsibility to cut spending that we just can't afford. That's why I've promised to veto any bill that's larded up with earmarks. That's why I've proposed that we freeze annual domestic spending for the next five years. Understand what this means. This would reduce the deficit by more than $400 billion over the next decade, and bring this spending -- domestic discretionary spending -- down to the lowest share of our economy since Eisenhower was President. That was a long time ago. 现在，为了给教育、创新和基础设施方面的投资腾出空间，政府也有责任削减我们无法承受的开支。这就是为什么我承诺否决任何带有专项拨款的法案。这就是为什么我提议在未来五年冻结年度国内支出。理解这意味着什么。这将在未来十年减少超过4000亿美元的赤字，并将这种支出——国内可自由支配支出——降低到自艾森豪威尔总统以来占我们经济的最低份额。那是很久以前的事了。
Now, it's not going to be enough. We're going to have to do more. Because the driving force on our deficits are entitlements spending. And that's going to require both parties to work together, because those are some tough problems that we're going to have to solve. And I am eager to work with both parties and with the Chamber to take additional steps across the budget to put our nation on a sounder fiscal footing. 现在，这还不够。我们将不得不做更多。因为推动我们赤字的是福利支出。这将需要两党合作，因为这些是我们必须解决的棘手问题。我渴望与两党和商会合作，在整个预算中采取额外措施，使我们的国家财政基础更加稳固。
By stopping spending on things we don't need, we can make investments in the things that we do need, the same way families do. If they've got a fiscal problem, if they've got to tighten their belt, they don't stop paying for Johnny to go to college. They cut out things they don't need, but they still make investments in the thing that are going to make sure we win the future. And that's what we have to do as a country: make some smart choices -- tough choices, but smart ones. 通过停止在我们不需要的东西上的支出，我们可以投资于我们确实需要的东西，就像家庭一样。如果他们有财政问题，如果他们必须勒紧裤腰带，他们不会停止支付约翰尼上大学的费用。他们削减不需要的东西，但他们仍然投资于确保我们赢得未来的东西。这就是我们作为一个国家必须做的事情：做出一些明智的选择——艰难的选择，但明智的选择。
Now, in addition to making government more affordable, we're also making it more effective and more consumer-friendly. We're trying to run the government a little bit more like you run your business -- with better technology and faster services. So in the coming months, my administration will develop a proposal to merge, consolidate and reorganize the federal government in a way that best serves the goal of a more competitive America. 现在，除了使政府更负担得起，我们也在使其更有效、更方便消费者。我们试图让政府的运作更像你们经营企业的方式——用更好的技术和更快的服务。因此，在未来几个月，我的政府将提出一项提案，以最有利于更具竞争力的美国的方式合并、整合和重组联邦政府。
And we want to start with the 12 different agencies that deal with America's exports. If we hope to help our businesses sell more goods around the world, we should ensure we're all pulling in the same direction. And frankly, with 12 different agencies in charge, nobody is in charge. So we're going to fix that as an example of how we can make a government that's more responsive to the American people and to American businesses. 我们想从处理美国出口的12个不同机构开始。如果我们希望帮助企业向世界各地销售更多商品，我们应该确保我们都在朝同一个方向努力。坦率地说，有12个不同的机构负责，就没有人负责。所以我们要解决这个问题，作为我们如何使政府对美国人民和美国企业更负责任的一个例子。
Which brings me to the final responsibility of government: breaking down some of the barriers that stand in the way of your success. As far as exports are concerned, that means seeking new opportunities and opening new markets for your goods. And I will tell you I will go anywhere anytime to be a booster for American businesses, American workers and American products. We recently signed -- and I don't charge a commission. 这引出了政府的最终责任：消除阻碍你们成功的一些障碍。就出口而言，这意味着为你们的商品寻找新机会和开辟新市场。我告诉你们，我会随时随地为美国企业、美国工人和美国产品加油助威。我们最近签署——我不收佣金。
We recently signed export deals with India and China that will support more than 250,000 jobs here in the United States. We finalized a trade agreement with South Korea that will support at least 70,000 American jobs. And by the way, it's a deal that has unprecedented support from business and labor, Democrats and Republicans. That's the kind of deal that I will be looking for as we pursue trade agreements with Panama and Colombia, as we work to bring Russia into the international trading system. 我们最近与印度和中国签署了出口协议，这将支持美国超过25万个就业岗位。我们最终确定了与韩国的贸易协议，这将支持至少7万个美国工作岗位。顺便说一句，这是一个得到了企业和劳工、民主党和共和党前所未有的支持的协议。这就是我在我们寻求与巴拿马和哥伦比亚的贸易协议，以及我们努力将俄罗斯纳入国际贸易体系时将寻找的那种协议。
Those are going to be our top priorities because we believe Americans have the best products and the best businesses, and if we're out there selling and we're out there hustling, there's no reason why we can't do a lot better than we're doing right now when it comes to our exports. 这些将是我们的首要优先事项，因为我们相信美国拥有最好的产品和最好的企业，如果我们出去销售和推销，我们在出口方面没有理由不能做得比现在好得多。
Now, another barrier government can remove -- and I hear a lot about this from many of you -- is a burdensome corporate tax code with one of the highest rates in the world. You know how it goes: because of various loopholes and carve-outs that have built up over the years, some industries pay an average rate that is four or five times higher than others. Companies are taxed heavily for making investments with equity, yet the tax code actually pays companies to invest using leverage. 现在，政府可以消除的另一个障碍——我从你们许多人那里听到很多——是一个繁琐的企业税法，其税率是世界上最高的之一。你们知道是怎么回事：由于多年来积累的各种漏洞和例外，一些行业的平均税率是其他行业的四到五倍。公司因用股权进行投资而被重税，但税法实际上鼓励公司用杠杆进行投资。
As a result, you've got too many companies ending up making decisions based on what their tax director says instead of what their engineer designs or what their factories produce. And that puts our entire economy at a disadvantage. We need something smarter, something simpler, something fairer. That's why I want to lower the corporate rate and eliminate these loopholes to pay for it, so that it doesn't add a dime to our deficit. And I'm asking for your help in this fight. I think it can be done. 结果，你们看到太多公司最终根据税务总监的说法而不是工程师的设计或工厂的生产来做决定。这使我们整个经济处于不利地位。我们需要更聪明、更简单、更公平的东西。这就是为什么我想降低企业税率并消除这些漏洞来支付它，这样就不会给我们的赤字增加一分钱。我请求你们在这场斗争中提供帮助。我认为这是可以做到的。
Which brings me to the last barriers we're trying to remove, and those are outdated and unnecessary regulations. I've ordered a government-wide review, and if there are rules on the books that are needlessly stifling job creation and economic growth, we will fix them. 这引出了我们试图消除的最后一些障碍，即过时和不必要的法规。我已经下令进行政府范围的审查，如果法律中有不必要的扼杀就业创造和经济增长的规则，我们将修复它们。
Already we're dramatically cutting down on the paperwork that saddles businesses with huge administrative costs. We're improving the way FDA evaluates things like medical devices, to get innovative and lifesaving treatments to market faster. And the EPA, based on the need for further scientific analysis, delayed the greenhouse gas permitting rules for biomass. 我们已经在大幅减少给企业带来巨大行政成本的文书工作。我们正在改进食品药品监督管理局评估医疗器械等方式，以便创新和救命的治疗方法能更快地进入市场。环境保护署基于进一步科学分析的需要，推迟了生物质的温室气体许可规则。
I've also ordered agencies to find ways to make regulations more flexible for small businesses. And we've turned a tangle of fuel economy regulations and pending lawsuits into a single standard that will reduce our dependence on foreign oil, save consumers money at the pump and give car companies the certainty that they need -- all negotiated by the various stakeholders without the need for congressional legislation. 我还命令各机构想办法为小企业使法规更灵活。我们已经将一团乱麻的燃油经济性法规和待决诉讼变成一个单一标准，这将减少我们对外国石油的依赖，为消费者节省加油费用，并给汽车公司他们需要的确定性——所有这些都是由各利益相关方谈判达成的，无需国会立法。
But ultimately, winning the future is not just about what the government can do for you to succeed. It's also about what you can do to help America succeed. 但最终，赢得未来不仅仅是政府能为你们的成功做什么。它还关乎你们能为美国的成功做什么。
So we were just talking about regulations. Even as we eliminate burdensome regulations, America's businesses have a responsibility as well to recognize that there are some basic safeguards, some basic standards that are necessary to protect the American people from harm or exploitation. Not every regulation is bad. Not every regulation is burdensome on business. A lot of the regulations that are out there are things that all of us welcome in our lives. 所以我们刚才在谈论法规。即使我们消除繁琐的法规，美国企业也有责任认识到，有一些基本保障措施、一些基本标准是保护美国人民免受伤害或剥削所必需的。并非每项法规都是坏的。并非每项法规对企业都是繁重的。许多存在的法规是我们所有人都欢迎的。
Few of us would want to live in a society without rules that keep our air and water clean; that give consumers the confidence to do everything from investing in financial markets to buying groceries. And the fact is, when standards like these have been proposed in the past, opponents have often warned that they would be an assault on business and free enterprise. 我们中很少有人愿意生活在一个没有规则保持空气和水清洁的社会；一个给消费者信心去做从投资金融市场到购买杂货的一切事情的社会。事实上，当过去提出这样的标准时，反对者经常警告说，它们将是对企业和自由企业的攻击。
We can look at the history in this country. Early drug companies argued the bill creating the FDA would "practically destroy the sale of remedies in the United States." That didn't happen. Auto executives predicted that having to install seatbelts would bring the downfall of their industry. It didn't happen. The President of the American Bar Association denounced child labor laws as "a communistic effort to nationalize children." That's a quote. 我们可以看看这个国家的历史。早期的制药公司辩称，创建食品药品监督管理局的法案将"实际上摧毁美国药物的销售"。这没有发生。汽车高管预测，必须安装安全带将导致他们行业的衰落。这没有发生。美国律师协会主席谴责童工法是"将儿童国有化的共产主义努力"。这是原话。
None of these things came to pass. In fact, companies adapt and standards often spark competition and innovation. I was traveling when I went up to Penn State to look at some clean energy hubs that have been set up. I was with Steve Chu, my Secretary of Energy. And he won a Nobel Prize in physics, so when you're in conversations with him you catch about one out of every four things he says. 这些事情都没有发生。事实上，公司会适应，标准往往会激发竞争和创新。我去宾夕法尼亚州立大学看一些已建立的清洁能源中心时在旅行。我与我的能源部长朱棣文在一起。他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，所以当你和他交谈时，他说的每四件事你只能听懂一件。
But he started talking about energy efficiency and about refrigerators, and he pointed out that the government set modest targets a couple decades ago to start increasing efficiency over time. They were well thought through; they weren't radical. Companies competed to hit these markers. And they hit them every time, and then exceeded them. 但他开始谈论能效和冰箱，他指出，政府几十年前设定了适度的目标来逐步提高效率。这些目标经过深思熟虑；它们并不激进。公司竞争达到这些目标。他们每次都达到了，然后超过了。
And as a result, a typical fridge now costs half as much and uses a quarter of the energy that it once did -- and you don't have to defrost, chipping at that stuff -- and then putting the warm water inside the freezer and all that stuff. It saves families and businesses billions of dollars. 结果，现在一台典型的冰箱成本只有原来的一半，使用的能源只有原来的四分之一——你不需要除霜，刮掉那些东西——然后把温水放进冷冻室里所有那些东西。这为家庭和企业节省了数十亿美元。
So regulations didn't destroy the industry; it enhanced it and it made our lives better -- if they're smart, if they're well designed. And that's our goal, is to work with you to think through how do we design necessary regulations in a smart way and get rid of regulations that have outlived their usefulness, or don't work. 所以法规并没有摧毁这个行业；它增强了这个行业，使我们的生活更美好——如果它们是明智的，如果它们设计得很好。我们的目标是与你们合作，思考如何以明智的方式设计必要的法规，并废除已经过时或不起作用的法规。
I also have to point out the perils of too much regulation are also matched by the dangers of too little. And we saw that in the financial crisis, where the absence of sound rules of the road, that wasn't good for business. Even if you weren't in the financial sector it wasn't good for business. And that's why, with the help of Paul Volcker, who is here today, we passed a set of common-sense reforms. 我还必须指出，过多法规的危险与过少法规的危险是相匹配的。我们在金融危机中看到了这一点，缺乏健全的规则对商业没有好处。即使你不在金融部门，这对商业也没有好处。这就是为什么，在今天在座的保罗·沃尔克的帮助下，我们通过了一系列常识性改革。
The same can be said of health insurance reform. We simply could not continue to accept a status quo that's made our entire economy less competitive, as we've paid more per person for health care than any other nation on Earth. Nobody is even close. And we couldn't accept a broken system where insurance companies could drop people because they got sick, or families went into bankruptcy because of medical bills. 医疗保险改革也是如此。我们根本不能继续接受使我们整个经济竞争力下降的现状，因为我们人均医疗保健支出比地球上任何其他国家都多。没有人能接近。我们不能接受一个保险公司可以因为人们生病而抛弃他们，或者家庭因为医疗账单而破产的破碎系统。
I know that folks here have concerns about this law. And I understand it. If you're running a business right now and you're seeing these escalating health care costs, your instinct is if I've got even more laws on top of me, that's going to increase my costs even more. I understand that suspicion, that skepticism. 我知道这里的人们对这项法律有担忧。我理解。如果你现在经营一家企业，你看到这些不断升级的医疗保健成本，你的本能是如果我身上还有更多法律，那将增加我的成本。我理解这种怀疑，那种猜疑。
But the non-partisan congressional watchdogs at the CBO estimate that health care tax credits will be worth nearly $40 billion for small businesses over the next decade -- $40 billion, directly to small businesses who are doing the right thing by their employees. 但国会预算办公室的无党派监督机构估计，在未来十年，医疗保健税收抵免对小企业的价值将接近400亿美元——直接给予那些为员工做正确事情的小企业。
And experts -- not just from the government, but also those commissioned by the Business Roundtable -- suggest that health insurance reform could ultimately save large employers anywhere from $2,000 to $3,000 per family -- your employees and your bottom line. 专家——不仅是政府的，还有商业圆桌会议委托的专家——表明，医疗保险改革最终可以为大型雇主每户节省2000到3000美元——你们的员工和你们的利润。
I've said in the State of the Union and I'll repeat here today: I am willing and happy to look at other ideas to improve the law, including incentives to improve patient safety and medical malpractice reforms. And I want to correct a flaw that's already placed an unnecessary bookkeeping burden on too many small businesses, and I appreciate the Chamber's help in doing that. 我在国情咨文中说过，今天在这里重申：我愿意并且很高兴看到改进法律的其他想法，包括改善患者安全的激励措施和医疗事故改革。我想纠正一个已经给太多小企业带来不必要簿记负担的缺陷，我感谢商会在这件事上的帮助。
But we have to recognize that some common-sense regulations often will make sense for your businesses, as well as your families, as well as your neighbors, as well as your coworkers. Of course, your responsibility goes beyond recognizing the need for certain standards and safeguards. 但我们必须认识到，一些常识性法规往往对你们的企业、你们的家庭、你们的邻居、你们的同事都有意义。当然，你们的责任超出了认识到某些标准和保障措施的必要性。
If we're fighting to reform the tax code and increase exports to help you compete, the benefits can't just translate into greater profits and bonuses for those at the top. They have to be shared by American workers, who need to know that expanding trade and opening markets will lift their standards of living as well as your bottom line. 如果我们正在努力改革税法和增加出口以帮助你们竞争，这些好处不能仅仅转化为那些顶层人士的更大利润和奖金。它们必须由美国工人分享，他们需要知道扩大贸易和开放市场将提高他们的生活水平以及你们的利润。
We can't go back to the kind of economy and culture that we saw in the years leading up to the recession, where growth and gains in productivity just didn't translate into rising incomes and opportunity for the middle class. That's not something necessarily we can legislate, but it's something that all of us have to take responsibility for thinking about. 我们不能回到导致衰退的那种经济和文化，在那里生产率的增长和收益并没有转化为中产阶级收入的增长和机会。这不是我们可以通过立法解决的事情，但这是我们所有人都必须承担责任去思考的事情。
How do we make sure that everybody's got a stake in trade, everybody's got a stake in increasing exports, everybody's got a stake in rising productivity? Because ordinary folks end up seeing their standards of living rise as well. That's always been the American promise. That's what JFK meant when he said, "A rising tide lifts all boats." Too many boats have been left behind, stuck in the mud. 我们如何确保每个人在贸易中都有利害关系，每个人在增加出口中都有利害关系，每个人在提高生产率中都有利害关系？因为普通人最终也会看到他们的生活水平提高。这一直是美国的承诺。这就是肯尼迪所说的"水涨船高"的意思。太多船只被遗弃，困在泥潭中。
And if we as a nation are going to invest in innovation, that innovation should lead to new jobs and manufacturing on our shores. The end result of tax breaks and investments can't simply be that new breakthroughs and technologies are discovered here in America, but then the manufacturing takes place overseas. That, too, breaks the social compact. It makes people feel as if the game is fixed and they're not benefiting from the extraordinary discoveries that take place here. 如果我们作为一个国家要投资创新，那么创新应该导致新的就业机会和在我们海岸的制造业。税收减免和投资的最终结果不能仅仅是新的突破和技术在美国被发现，但制造业却在海外进行。这也打破了社会契约。它让人们觉得游戏是被操纵的，他们没有从这里发生的非凡发现中受益。
So the key to our success has never been just developing new ideas; it's also been making new products. So Intel pioneers the microchip, then puts thousands to work building them in Silicon Valley. Henry Ford perfects the assembly line, and then puts a generation to work in the factories of Detroit. That's how we built the largest middle class in the world. 所以，我们成功的关键从来不仅仅是开发新想法；它还包括制造新产品。英特尔开创了微芯片，然后让成千上万的人在硅谷制造它们。亨利·福特完善了装配线，然后让一代人在底特律的工厂工作。这就是我们如何建立了世界上最大的中产阶级。
Those folks working in those plants, they go out and they buy a Ford. They buy a personal computer. And the economy grows for everyone. And that's how we'll create the base of knowledge and skills that propel the next inventions and the next ideas. 那些在工厂工作的人，他们出去买福特车。他们买个人电脑。经济对每个人都在增长。这就是我们如何创造推动下一次发明和想法的知识和技能基础。
Right now, businesses across this country are proving that America can compete. Caterpillar is opening a new plant to build excavators in Texas that used to be shipped from Japan. In Tennessee, Whirlpool is opening their first new U.S. factory in more than a decade. Dow is building a new plant in Michigan to manufacture batteries for electric vehicles. A company called Geomagic, a software maker, decided to close down its overseas centers in China and Europe and move their R&D here to the United States. These companies are bringing jobs back to our shores. And that's good for everybody. 现在，全国各地的企业正在证明美国可以竞争。卡特彼勒正在德克萨斯州开设一家新工厂，生产曾经从日本运来的挖掘机。在田纳西州，惠而浦正在开设他们十多年来在美国的第一家新工厂。道氏正在密歇根州建设一家新工厂，为电动汽车制造电池。一家名为Geomagic的软件制造商决定关闭其在中国和欧洲的海外中心，将研发转移到美国。这些公司正在将工作岗位带回我们的海岸。这对每个人都有好处。
So if I've got one message, my message is now is the time to invest in America. Now is the time to invest in America. Today, American companies have nearly $2 trillion sitting on their balance sheets. And I know that many of you have told me that you're waiting for demand to rise before you get off the sidelines and expand, and that with millions of Americans out of work, demand has risen more slowly than any of us would like. 所以，如果我有一个信息，那就是现在正是投资美国的时候。现在正是投资美国的时候。今天，美国公司的资产负债表上有近2万亿美元。我知道你们中的许多人告诉我，你们在等待需求上升才开始行动和扩张，而有数百万美国人失业，需求增长比我们任何人希望的都要慢。
We're in this together, but many of your own economists and salespeople are now forecasting a healthy increase in demand. So I just want to encourage you to get in the game. As part of the bipartisan tax deal we negotiated, with the support of the Chamber, businesses can immediately expense 100 percent of their capital investments. And as all of you know, it's investments made now that will pay off as the economy rebounds. 我们在一起，但你们自己的许多经济学家和销售人员现在预测需求将健康增长。所以我只是想鼓励你们参与进来。作为我们谈判的两党税收协议的一部分，在商会的支持下，企业可以立即扣除100%的资本投资。正如你们所有人都知道的，现在进行的投资将在经济反弹时获得回报。
And as you hire, you know that more Americans working will mean more sales for your companies. It will mean more demand for your products and services. It will mean higher profits for your companies. We can create a virtuous circle. 当你们雇佣时，你们知道更多的美国人工作将意味着你们公司的更多销售。它将意味着对你们产品和服务的更多需求。它将意味着你们公司的更高利润。我们可以创造一个良性循环。
And if there's a reason you don't share my confidence, if there's a reason you don't believe that this is the time to get off the sidelines -- to hire and to invest -- I want to know about it. I want to fix it. That's why I've asked Jeff Immelt of GE to lead a new council of business leaders and outside experts so that we're getting the best advice on what you're facing out there -- and we'll be holding our first meeting two weeks from now, on the 24th. 如果你们有理由不相信我的信心，如果有理由你们不相信现在是行动的时候——雇佣和投资——我想知道。我想解决它。这就是为什么我请通用电气的杰夫·伊梅尔特领导一个新的商业领袖和外部专家委员会，以便我们就你们面临的情况获得最佳建议——我们将在两周后，即24日举行第一次会议。
So you can get your emails in early, with your ideas, with your thoughts about how we keep moving forward to create this virtuous cycle. 所以你们可以早点发邮件，带着你们的想法，带着你们关于如何继续前进创造这个良性循环的思考。
Together, I am confident we can win the competition for new jobs and industries. And I know you share my enthusiasm. Here's one thing I know. For all the disagreements, Tom, that we may have sometimes on issues, I know you love this country. I know you want America to succeed just as badly as I do. 在一起，我有信心我们能赢得新工作和新产业的竞争。我知道你们分享我的热情。我知道一件事。尽管我们有时在某些问题上会有分歧，汤姆，我知道你热爱这个国家。我知道你希望美国成功的愿望和我一样强烈。
So, yes, we'll have some disagreements; and, yes, we'll see things differently at times. But we're all Americans. And that spirit of patriotism, and that sense of mutual regard and common obligation, that has carried us through far harder times than the ones we've just been through. 所以，是的，我们会有一些分歧；是的，我们有时会以不同的方式看待事物。但我们都是美国人。那种爱国主义精神，那种相互尊重和共同义务的感觉，已经带领我们度过了比我们刚刚经历的更艰难的时光。
And I'm reminded, toward the end of the 1930s, amidst the Depression, the looming prospect of war, FDR, President Roosevelt, realized he would need to form a new partnership with business if we were going to become what he would later call the "arsenal of democracy." And as you can imagine, the relationship between the President and business leaders during the course of the Depression had been rocky at times. They'd grown somewhat fractured by the New Deal. 我想到，1930年代末，在大萧条中，在战争迫在眉睫的时候，富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统意识到，如果我们想要成为他后来所说的"民主兵工厂"，他就需要与企业建立新的伙伴关系。你们可以想象，在大萧条期间，总统和企业领袖之间的关系有时是紧张的。他们在新政期间变得有些分裂。
So Roosevelt reached out to businesses, and business leaders answered the call to serve their country. After years of working at cross purposes, the result was one of the most productive collaborations between the public and private sectors in American history. 因此，罗斯福向企业伸出了援手，企业领袖响应了为国家服务的号召。经过多年的目标相左，结果是美国历史上公共和私营部门之间最富有成效的合作之一。
Some, like the head of GM, hadn't previously known the President, and if anything had seen him as an adversary. But he gathered his family and he explained that he was going to head up what would become the War Production Board. And he said to his family, "This country has been good to me, and I want to pay it back." I want to pay it back. 有些人，比如通用汽车的负责人，以前不认识总统，如果有什么的话，是把他视为对手。但他召集了他的家人，解释说他将领导后来成为战争生产委员会的机构。他对家人说："这个国家对我很好，我要回报它。"我要回报它。
And in the years that followed, automobile factories converted to making planes and tanks. And corset factories made grenade belts. A toy company made compasses. A pinball machine maker turned out shells. 1941 would see the greatest expansion of manufacturing in the history of America. And not only did this help us win the war; it led to millions of new jobs and helped produce the great American middle class. 在随后的几年里，汽车工厂转而制造飞机和坦克。紧身胸衣工厂制造手榴弹带。一家玩具公司制造指南针。一家弹球机制造商生产炮弹。1941年将见证美国历史上制造业的最大扩张。这不仅帮助我们赢得了战争；它还导致了数百万个新工作岗位，并帮助造就了伟大的美国中产阶级。
So we have faced hard times before. We have faced moments of tumult and moments of change. And we know what to do. We know how to succeed. We are Americans, and as we have done throughout our history, I have every confidence that once again we will rise to this occasion; that we can come together, we can adapt and we can thrive in this changing economy. And we need to look no further than the innovative companies in this room. If we can harness your potential and the potential of your people across this country, I think there's no stopping us. 所以我们以前也经历过艰难时刻。我们经历过动荡和变革的时刻。我们知道该怎么做。我们知道如何成功。我们是美国人，正如我们在整个历史中所做的那样，我完全有信心，我们将再次迎接这个挑战；我们可以团结起来，我们可以适应，我们可以在这个不断变化的经济中蓬勃发展。我们只需要看看这个房间里创新的公司。如果我们能利用你们的潜力和你们全国各地人民的潜力，我想没有什么能阻止我们。
So thank you, God bless you, and may God bless the United States of America. 所以谢谢你们，上帝保佑你们，上帝保佑美利坚合众国。
