Nomination of Key National Security Team Members(关键国家安全团队成员提名)

Nomination of Key National Security Team Members(关键国家安全团队成员提名)

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演讲背景:2008年12月1日,当选总统奥巴马在芝加哥举行新闻发布会,正式宣布其国家安全团队的核心成员提名:提名前第一夫人、纽约州参议员希拉里·克林顿出任国务卿;邀请时任国防部长罗伯特·盖茨留任;提名前司法部副部长埃里克·霍尔德出任司法部长;亚利桑那州州长珍妮特·纳波利塔诺出任国土安全部长;苏珊·赖斯担任驻联合国大使;退役海军陆战队上将詹姆斯·琼斯出任国家安全顾问。时值孟买恐怖袭击发生不久,奥巴马强调国家安全挑战与经济危机同样严峻,承诺上任后将以新战略整合军事、外交、情报等各要素,重建美国领导地位。

Good morning, everybody. I hope you all had a wonderful Thanksgiving. 大家早上好。我希望你们都度过了一个愉快的感恩节。

Last week, we announced our economic team, which is working as we speak to craft an Economic Recovery Program to create jobs and grow our struggling economy. Today, Vice President-elect Biden and I are pleased to announce our national security team. 上周,我们宣布了经济团队的人选,他们此刻正在制定经济复苏计划,以创造就业岗位、振兴我们陷入困境的经济。今天,当选副总统拜登和我很高兴地宣布我们的国家安全团队。

The national security challenges we face are just as grave -- and just as urgent -- as our economic crisis. We are fighting two wars. Our old conflicts remain unresolved, and newly assertive powers have put strains on the international system. The spread of nuclear weapons raises the peril that the world's deadliest technologies could fall into dangerous hands. Our dependence on foreign oil empowers authoritarian governments and endangers our planet. 我们所面临的国家安全挑战,与我们的经济危机一样严峻,一样紧迫。我们正在打两场战争。我们以往的冲突仍未解决,新崛起的强势力量给国际体系带来了压力。核武器的扩散加剧了世界最致命技术落入危险之手的危险。我们对进口石油的依赖使威权政府坐大,并危及我们的星球。

America must also be strong at home to be strong abroad. We need to provide education and opportunity to all our citizens, so every American can compete with anyone, anywhere. And our economic power must sustain our military strength, our diplomatic leverage, and our global leadership. 美国必须在本土强大,才能在海外强大。我们需要为所有公民提供教育和机会,使每一个美国人都能与任何人在任何地方竞争。我们的经济实力必须支撑我们的军事力量、外交影响力和全球领导地位。

The common thread linking these challenges is the fundamental reality that in the 21st century, our destiny is shared with the world's. From our markets to our security, from our public health to our climate, we must act with the understanding that, now more than ever, we have a stake in what happens across the globe. And as we learned so painfully on 9/11, terror cannot be contained by borders, nor safety provided by oceans alone. 将这些挑战联系在一起的共同主线,是一个根本事实:在21世纪,我们的命运与世界的命运紧密相连。从我们的市场到我们的安全,从我们的公共卫生到我们的气候,我们必须怀着这样的认识行动:当今比以往任何时候都更甚,世界发生的一切都与我们息息相关。正如我们在9·11事件中痛苦地认识到的那样,恐怖无法用国界来遏制,仅靠大洋也无法提供安全。

Last week, we were reminded of this threat once again when terrorists took the lives of six American among nearly 200 victims in Mumbai. In the world we seek, there is no place for those who kill innocent civilians to advance hateful extremism. This weekend, I told Prime Minister Singh of India that Americans stand with the people of India in this dark time. And I am confident that India's great democracy is more resilient than killers who would tear it down. 上周,当恐怖分子在孟买夺去六名美国人的生命(在近两百名遇难者中)时,我们再次被提醒这一威胁。在我们所追求的世界里,那些为推进可恨的极端主义而屠杀无辜平民的人没有立足之地。这个周末,我告诉印度辛格总理,美国人民在这个黑暗时刻与印度人民站在一起。我相信,印度伟大的民主比那些企图摧毁它的杀手更具韧性。

And so, in this uncertain world, the time has come for a new beginning -- a new dawn of American leadership to overcome the challenges of the 21st century, and to seize the opportunities embedded in those challenges. We will strengthen our capacity to defeat our enemies and support our friends. We will renew old alliances and forge new and enduring partnerships. 因此,在这个充满不确定性的世界里,开启一个新起点的时刻已经到来——美国领导力的新曙光,以克服21世纪的挑战,并把握蕴藏其中的机遇。我们将增强击败敌人、支持朋友的能力。我们将更新旧有的联盟,并缔造新的、持久的伙伴关系。

We will show the world once more that America is relentless in the defense of our people, steady in advancing our interests, and committed to the ideals that shine as a beacon to the world: democracy and justice; opportunity and unyielding hope -- because American values are America's greatest export to the world. 我们将再次向世界表明:美国在捍卫本国人民时毫不留情,在推进自身利益时坚定不移,并致力于那些作为世界灯塔而闪耀的理想——民主与正义、机会与不屈的希望——因为美国价值观是美国向世界出口的最伟大财富。

To succeed, we must pursue a new strategy that skillfully uses, balances, and integrates all elements of American power: our military and diplomacy; our intelligence and law enforcement; our economy and the power of our moral example. The team that we've assembled here today is uniquely suited to do just that. 为了取得成功,我们必须推行一项新战略,巧妙地运用、平衡并整合美国权力的所有要素:我们的军事与外交;我们的情报与执法;我们的经济以及我们道德榜样的力量。我们今天在这里组建的团队,正 uniquely 适合完成这一使命。

In their past service and plans for the future, these men and women represent all of those elements of American power, and the very best of the American example. They've served in uniform and as diplomats; they have worked as legislators, law enforcement officials, and executives. They share my pragmatism about the use of power, and my sense of purpose about America's role as a leader in the world. 无论在过去的任职经历还是未来的规划中,这些男男女女都体现了美国权力的所有这些要素,体现了美国典范中最优秀的一面。他们曾身着军装服役,也曾担任外交官;他们曾做过立法者、执法官员和行政高管。他们与我一样,对权力的运用持务实态度,对美国作为世界领导者的角色怀有同样的使命感。

I have known Hillary Clinton as a friend, a colleague, a source of counsel, and as a campaign opponent. She possesses an extraordinary intelligence and a remarkable work ethic. I am proud that she will be our next Secretary of State. She is an American of tremendous stature who will have my complete confidence, who knows many of the world's leaders, who will command respect in every capitol, and who will clearly have the ability to advance our interests around the world. 我认识希拉里·克林顿,她是我的朋友、同事、谋臣,也曾是我的竞选对手。她具有非凡的智慧和卓越的职业操守。我为她将成为我们的下一任国务卿感到自豪。她是一位具有崇高地位的美国人,将得到我的完全信任,她认识许多世界领导人,将在各国首都赢得尊敬,并显然具备在世界各地推进我们利益的能力。

Hillary's appointment is a sign to friend and foe of the seriousness of my commitment to renew American diplomacy and restore our alliances. There is much to do -- from preventing the spread of nuclear weapons to Iran and North Korea, to seeking a lasting peace between Israel and the Palestinians, to strengthening international institutions. I have no doubt that Hillary Clinton is the right person to lead our State Department, and to work with me in tackling this ambitious foreign policy agenda. 希拉里的任命,是向友邦和对手表明我致力于重振美国外交、修复我们联盟关系的严肃性的一项信号。我们要做的事情很多——从防止核武器扩散至伊朗和朝鲜,到在以色列和巴勒斯坦人之间寻求持久和平,再到加强国际机构。我毫不怀疑,希拉里·克林顿是领导国务院、与我共同应对这一宏伟外交政策议程的合适人选。

At a time when we face unprecedented transition amidst two wars, I've have asked Robert Gates to continue as Secretary of Defense, and I'm pleased that he's accepted. Two years ago, he took over the Pentagon at a difficult time. He restored accountability. He won the confidence of military commanders and the trust of our brave men and women in uniform, as well as their families. He earned the respect of members of Congress on both sides of the aisle for his pragmatism and competence. 在我们面临两场战争期间前所未有的过渡之时,我已经邀请罗伯特·盖茨继续担任国防部长,我很高兴他已接受。两年前,他在艰难时刻接管了五角大楼。他恢复了问责制。他赢得了军事指挥官的信任,也赢得了我们英勇的男女军人及其家属的信任。他以其务实与能力赢得了国会两党议员的尊重。

He knows that we need a sustainable national security strategy -- and that includes a bipartisan consensus at home. 他深知,我们需要一项可持续的国家安全战略——而这包括国内的跨党派共识。

As I said throughout the campaign, I will be giving Secretary Gates and our military a new mission as soon as I take office: responsibly ending the war in Iraq through a successful transition to Iraqi control. We will also ensure that we have the strategy and resources to succeed against al Qaeda and the Taliban. As Bob said not too long ago, Afghanistan is where the war on terror began, and it is where it must end. And going forward, we will continue to make the investments necessary to strengthen our military and increase our ground forces to defeat the threats of the 21st century. 正如我在整个竞选期间所说,我一就任就将给盖茨部长和我们的军队一项新任务:通过成功向伊拉克方面移交控制权来负责任地结束伊拉克战争。我们还将确保我们拥有战胜基地组织和塔利班的战略和资源。正如鲍勃不久前所说,阿富汗是反恐战争开始的地方,也必须是它结束的地方。展望未来,我们将继续进行必要的投资,以加强我们的军队、扩充地面部队,以击败21世纪的威胁。

Eric Holder has the talent and commitment to succeed as Attorney General from his first day on the job, which is even more important in a transition that demands vigilance. He has distinguished himself as a prosecutor, a judge, and a senior official, and he is deeply familiar with the law enforcement challenges we face -- from terrorism to counter-intelligence, from white collar crime to public corruption. Eric also has the combination of toughness and independence that we need at the Justice Department. 埃里克·霍尔德具备出任司法部长所需的才华与承诺,从上任第一天起就能胜任这一职务,这在需要保持高度警惕的过渡时期尤为重要。他曾作为检察官、法官和高级官员卓有建树,对我们面临的执法挑战——从恐怖主义到反间谍,从白领犯罪到公共腐败——了如指掌。埃里克还具备我们在司法部所需要的坚韧与独立的结合。

Let me be clear: The Attorney General serves the American people. And I have every expectation that Eric will protect our people, uphold the public trust, and adhere to our Constitution. 我要明确表示:司法部长服务于美国人民。我完全相信埃里克将保护我们的人民、捍卫公众信任,并忠于我们的宪法。

Janet Napolitano offers the experience and executive skills we need in the next Secretary of Homeland Security. She has spent her career protecting people -- as a US Attorney, an Attorney General, and as the Governor of Arizona. She understands the need for a Department of Homeland Security that has the capacity to help prevent terrorist attacks and respond to catastrophe -- be it manmade or natural. Janet assumes this critical role having learned the lessons -- some of them painful -- of the last several years, from 9/11 to Katrina. She insists on competence and accountability. 珍妮特·纳波利塔诺具备下任国土安全部长所需的经验和行政技能。她的职业生涯都在保护人民——担任过美国检察官、州总检察长和亚利桑那州州长。她深知,国土安全部需要具备帮助防止恐怖袭击、应对灾难——无论是人为的还是自然的——的能力。珍妮特是在吸取了过去若干年——从9·11到卡特里娜——的教训(其中有些是惨痛的)之后接任这一关键职务的。她坚持能力与问责。

She knows firsthand the need to have a partner in Washington that works well with state and local governments. She understands as well as anyone the danger of an unsecure border. And she will be a leader who can reform a sprawling Department while safeguarding our homeland. 她深切了解,需要华盛顿有一个能与州和地方政府良好合作的伙伴。她比任何人都更清楚不安全边境的危险。她将是一位能够改革臃肿部门、同时捍卫我们国土安全的领导者。

Susan Rice will take on the crucial task of serving as Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations. Susan has been a close and trusted advisor. As in previous Administrations, the UN Ambassador will serve as a member of my cabinet and an integral member of my team. Her background as a scholar, on the National Security Council, and Assistant Secretary of State will serve our nation well at the United Nations. Susan knows that the global challenges we face demand global institutions that work. 苏珊·赖斯将承担起担任美国常驻联合国代表这一关键任务。苏珊一直是我亲密而信任的顾问。与历届政府一样,驻联合国大使将担任我的内阁成员和我团队的核心成员。她作为学者、在国家安全委员会任职以及担任助理国务卿的背景,将使她在联合国很好地为我国服务。苏珊深知,我们面临的全球性挑战需要运作良好的全球机构。

She shares my belief that the UN is an indispensable and imperfect forum. She will carry the message that our commitment to multilateral action must be coupled with a commitment to reform. We need the United Nations to be more effective as a venue for collective action -- against terror and proliferation, climate change and genocide, poverty and disease. 她与我一样相信,联合国是一个不可或缺但又并不完美的论坛。她将传达这样的信息:我们对多边行动的承诺必须与对改革的承诺相结合。我们需要联合国在应对恐怖与扩散、气候变化与种族灭绝、贫困与疾病方面,作为一个集体行动的场所更加有效。

Finally, I am convinced that General James Jones is uniquely suited to be a strong and skilled National Security Advisor. Generations of Joneses have served heroically on the battlefield -- from the beaches of Tarawa in World War II, to Foxtrot Ridge in Vietnam. Jim's Silver Star is a proud part of that legacy. He will bring to the job the dual experience of serving in uniform and as a diplomat. He has commanded a platoon in battle, served as Supreme Allied Commander in a time of war, and worked on behalf of peace in the Middle East. 最后,我坚信詹姆斯·琼斯将军 uniquely 适合成为一位强有力且娴熟的国家安全顾问。琼斯家族几代人在战场上英勇服役——从二战塔拉瓦海滩,到越南的狐步岭。吉姆的银星勋章是这一传承的骄傲组成部分。他将带着在军中服役和担任外交官的双重经验履职。他曾指挥一个排在战场上作战,曾在战争时期担任最高盟军司令,并曾为中东和平事业工作。

Jim is focused on the threats of today and the future. He understands the connection between energy and national security, and has worked on the frontlines of global instability -- from Kosovo to northern Iraq to Afghanistan. He will advise me and work effectively to integrate our efforts across the government, so that we are effectively using all elements of American power to defeat unconventional threats and promote our values. 吉姆聚焦于当今和未来的威胁。他理解能源与国家安全之间的联系,并曾在全球不稳定的前沿地区工作——从科索沃到伊拉克北部再到阿富汗。他将向我建言,并有效地协调我们在政府各部门之间的努力,使我们能够有效地运用美国权力的所有要素,以击败非传统威胁、推广我们的价值观。

I am confident that this team is what we need to make a new beginning for American national security. This morning, we met to discuss the situation in Mumbai and some of the challenges that we face in the months and years ahead. In the coming weeks, I will be in close contact with these advisors, who will be working with their counterparts in the Bush Administration to make sure that we are ready to hit the ground running on January 20th. 我相信,这支团队正是我们为美国国家安全开启新篇章所需要的。今天上午,我们会面讨论了孟买的局势以及我们在未来数月和数年中面临的一些挑战。在未来的几周里,我将与这些顾问保持密切联系,他们将与布什政府中的对应官员合作,以确保我们能在1月20日一上任就迅速进入状态。

Given the range of threats that we face and the vulnerability that can be a part of every presidential transition, I hope that we can proceed swiftly for those national security officials who demand confirmation. 鉴于我们面临的威胁范围之广,以及每次总统过渡都可能存在的脆弱性,我希望我们能迅速推进那些需要参议院确认的国家安全官员的任命程序。

We move forward with the humility that comes with knowing that there are brave men and women protecting us on our front lines: diplomats and intelligence officers in dangerous corners of the world, troops serving their second, third, or fourth tours; FBI agents in the field, cops on the beat, prosecutors in our courts, and cargo inspectors at our ports. These selfless Americans whose names are unknown to most of us will form the backbone of our effort. If we serve as well as they are serving, we will protect our country and promote our values. 我们怀着谦卑之心前进,因为我们知道有勇敢的男女在前线保护着我们:身处世界危险角落的外交官和情报人员,正在第二、第三乃至第四次出征的军人;战斗在一线的联邦调查局探员、巡逻的警察、法庭上的检察官,以及港口的货物检查员。这些大多数我们不知道姓名的无私美国人,将构成我们努力的骨干。如果我们能像他们那样尽责地服务,我们将保护我们的国家、推广我们的价值观。

And as we move forward with respect for America's tradition of a bipartisan national security policy and a commitment to national unity, we have to recall that when it comes to keeping our nation and our people safe, we are not Republicans or Democrats: We are Americans. There's no monopoly of power or wisdom in either party. Together, as one nation, as one people, we can shape our times instead of being shaped by them. Together, we will meet the challenges of the 21st century not with fear, but with hope. 在我们怀着对美国两党合作国家安全政策传统和国家团结承诺的敬意前进之际,我们必须回想起:在保障我们国家和人民安全的问题上,我们不是共和党人或民主党人:我们是美国人。任何一党都不垄断权力或智慧。团结一致,作为一个民族、作为一个整体,我们能够塑造时代,而不是被时代所塑造。团结一致,我们将不惧恐惧,而是怀着希望,迎接21世纪的挑战。

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Barack Obama(巴拉克·奥巴马)

Barack Obama(巴拉克·奥巴马)

美国首位非裔总统,第四十四任总统

出生:1961国籍:美国

巴拉克·奥巴马(Barack Obama)是美国第四十四任总统,也是美国历史上首位非裔美国人总统。他于1961年出生于夏威夷州,在2008年历史性当选总统之前曾担任伊利诺伊州参议员。在他的两届任期(2009-2017年)内,奥巴马总统取得了重大成就:通过《平价医疗法案》(奥巴马医改)使2000万美国人获得医疗保险,在2008年金融危机后改革金融监管体系,下令击毙本·拉登,结束美国在伊拉克的作战行动,推动全美同性婚姻合法化,恢复与古巴的外交关系,并通过《巴黎协定》领导全球应对气候变化的努力。他的总统任期被广泛认为是美国政治史上的重要里程碑,以希望、团结和变革的信息为特征。

「是的,我们能!」

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