Good afternoon, everybody. Once again, I want to thank the government and the people of Laos for their wonderful hospitality and for their leadership as host of the ASEAN and East Asia Summits. And I especially want to express my gratitude for the warmth and the kindness that they’ve shown to me as the first U.S. President to visit this nation. It has been a memorable and, at times, a very moving visit. 各位下午好。我要再次感谢老挝政府和人民的盛情款待，感谢他们作为东盟和东亚峰会东道主所发挥的领导作用。我尤其要感谢他们对我这位首位访问该国的美国总统所展现的热情与善意。这次访问令人难忘，有时也非常令人感动。
We’re here because, as a region with more than 600 million people, several fast-growing economies, some vibrant democracies, but also countries transitioning to democracies, and given their strategic location along vital trade routes, the 10 nations of ASEAN are critical to peace and prosperity not only in the Asia Pacific but to the world. Indeed, the United States and ASEAN are among each other’s top trading partners. We’re the largest investors in this region, and ASEAN is one of our largest markets for U.S. exports, supporting hundreds of thousands of American jobs. 我们之所以来到这里，是因为东盟十国拥有六亿多人口、多个快速增长的经济体、一些充满活力的民主国家，也有正在向民主过渡的国家，加之它们位于重要贸易航道上的战略位置，因此对亚太地区乃至世界的和平与繁荣都至关重要。事实上，美国和东盟互为最重要的贸易伙伴之一。我们是这一地区最大的投资者，东盟也是美国出口商品最大的市场之一，支撑着数十万美国就业岗位。
So our trade and investment fuels jobs and prosperity across our countries. 因此，我们的贸易和投资为两国创造了就业和繁荣。
And that’s why, as part of my rebalance of American foreign policy to the Asia Pacific, I’ve deepened our engagement with the nations of Southeast Asia and with ASEAN as an institution. As the first U.S. President to meet with the leaders of all 10 ASEAN countries, I’ve sustained our cooperation throughout my presidency. Earlier this year, I was proud to host the first U.S.-ASEAN Summit in the United States, at Sunnylands, California. Our meeting here in Laos was our eighth meeting. And this visit marks my ninth to the ASEAN region -- more than any U.S. President. 正因如此，作为我将美国外交政策重心向亚太地区再平衡的一部分，我深化了我们与东南亚国家以及东盟这一机制的接触。作为首位与东盟全部十国领导人会晤的美国总统，我在整个任内持续推进双方合作。今年早些时候，我很荣幸在美国加州的安纳伯格庄园主办了首次美国—东盟峰会。我们在老挝的这次会晤是我们的第八次会晤。这次访问也是我第九次到访东盟地区——比任何一位美国总统都多。
Together, the United States and ASEAN have forged a strategic partnership guided by key principles, including that ASEAN will remain central to peace, prosperity and progress in the Asia Pacific. The United States is now firmly part of the East Asia Summit, and we have worked to make that organization the region’s leading forum for dealing with political and security challenges, including maritime security. 美国与东盟共同建立了战略伙伴关系，并遵循若干核心原则，包括东盟将继续在亚太地区的和平、繁荣与进步中发挥中心作用。美国如今已是东亚峰会的坚定成员，我们一直致力于使该组织成为地区应对政治和安全挑战（包括海上安全）的首要论坛。
And we’re guided by the shared vision of the region that we put forward at Sunnylands -- open, dynamic and competitive economies; mutual security and the peaceful resolution of disputes; and respect for human rights -- in short, a region where all nations play by the same rules. That’s a vision that we advanced here. 我们遵循在安纳伯格庄园提出的地区共同愿景——开放、充满活力和具有竞争力的经济；共同安全与和平解决争端；以及尊重人权——简言之，一个所有国家都遵守同样规则的地区。这正是我们在这里所推进的愿景。
We’re stepping up our efforts to increase trade and investment. As part of the initiative I announced earlier this year -- U.S.-ASEAN Connect -- we’re doing more to connect our businesses and investors so that it is easier to start new ventures together. More to connect our entrepreneurs so we’re encouraging innovation in what are increasingly digital economies. More to connect clean energy projects as we pursue a low-carbon future. All of which will also reinforce this region’s continued economic integration through the ASEAN Community. 我们正在加大力度促进贸易和投资。作为我今年早些时候宣布的"美国—东盟联通倡议"的一部分，我们正在加强企业和投资者之间的联系，以便更容易共同创办新企业。我们加强创业者之间的联系，鼓励在日益数字化的经济体中推动创新。在追求低碳未来的过程中，我们加强清洁能源项目的合作。所有这些也将通过东盟共同体进一步加强该地区的持续经济一体化。
And given that four ASEAN nations are also part of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, I reiterated that I am determined to do everything I can to encourage the U.S. Congress to approve TPP before I leave office. 鉴于有四个东盟国家也是跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（TPP）的成员，我重申，我决心尽一切努力推动美国国会在我卸任前批准TPP。
With regard to security, our nations reaffirmed our commitment to a regional order where international rules and norms are upheld and where disagreements are resolved peacefully. There was recognition of the importance of the international arbitration ruling in July, which is legal and binding, and which clarified maritime claims by the Philippines and China in the South China Sea. 在安全方面，我们各国重申致力于维护一个遵守国际规则和规范、和平解决分歧的地区秩序。各方确认了7月国际仲裁裁决的重要性，该裁决具有法律效力，厘清了菲律宾和中国在南海的海洋主张。
We discussed the importance of claimants adhering to steps to which they've already agreed, including respecting international law, not militarizing disputed areas and not occupying uninhabited islands, reefs and shoals. And I reiterated that the United States will stand with allies and partners in upholding fundamental interests, among them the freedom of navigation and overflight, lawful commerce that is not impeded, and peaceful resolution of disputes. 我们讨论了各声索方遵守其已达成共识的重要性，包括尊重国际法、不在争议地区军事化以及不占领无人居住的岛屿、礁滩和沙洲。我重申，美国将与盟友和伙伴站在一起，维护根本利益，其中包括航行和飞越自由、不受阻碍的合法商业以及和平解决争端。
The United States and ASEAN also continue to deepen our cooperation on transnational challenges. We discussed the importance of continuing to share information to prevent terrorism and the flow of foreign fighters. Given the threat of climate change to all our nations -- especially countries in this region -- we agreed on the importance of bringing the Paris agreement into force as soon as possible. We agreed to cooperation in the fight against human trafficking, including sharing more information on smugglers, closer law enforcement cooperation and more support for victims. 美国和东盟还继续深化在跨国挑战方面的合作。我们讨论了继续共享信息以防止恐怖主义和外国战斗人员流动的重要性。鉴于气候变化对我们所有国家——尤其是该地区国家——构成的威胁，我们一致认为必须尽快使《巴黎协定》生效。我们同意在打击人口贩运方面开展合作，包括更多地共享走私者信息、加强执法合作以及为受害者提供更多支持。
And at the East Asia Summit, our 18 nations expressed our grave concern about North Korea’s provocative missile launches, highlighted the threat posed by its nuclear and ballistic missile programs, and called on North Korea to uphold its international obligations. 在东亚峰会上，我们十八个国家对朝鲜挑衅性的导弹试射表达了严重关切，强调了其核计划和弹道导弹计划带来的威胁，并呼吁朝鲜履行其国际义务。
And, finally, I’m especially pleased that we continue to deepen the connections between the people of ASEAN and America -- particularly our young people, like the inspiring young men and women that I met with at our town hall yesterday. Our Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative is now [more] than 100,000 strong. The women’s leadership academy that I announced yesterday will support women leaders in business, government and civil society throughout ASEAN. And we’re going to help increase language skills among students and teachers through our English for All program. 最后，我特别高兴地看到，我们继续深化东盟和美国人民之间的联系——尤其是我们的年轻人，就像昨天在市政厅活动中我见到的那些令人鼓舞的青年男女一样。我们的"东南亚青年领袖倡议"目前已超过十万人。我昨天宣布的女性领导力学院将支持东盟各国商界、政府和公民社会的女性领袖。我们还将通过"全民英语"项目帮助提高学生和教师的语言技能。
In closing, I’m mindful that this is the last day of my last trip to this region as President. And when I think back to the time that I spent here as a boy, I can’t help but be struck by the extraordinary progress that’s been made across so much of the region in the decades since -- even as there’s still a lot of work to be done. And so it means a great deal to me, not only as President, but also personally, that over the past eight years we’ve increased cooperation between ASEAN countries and the United States. It is unprecedented the breadth and depth of our relationships. 最后，我深知这是我作为总统最后一次访问该地区的最后一天。当我回想起自己小时候在这里度过的时光时，我不禁感叹，几十年过去了，这个地区的许多地方都取得了非凡的进步——尽管仍有许多工作要做。因此，过去八年来我们加强了东盟国家与美国之间的合作，这对我来说不仅以总统的身份，而且从个人层面而言都意义重大。我们关系的广度和深度是前所未有的。
And I think it’s one of the most successful parts of our rebalance policy. 我认为这是我们再平衡政策最成功的部分之一。
We’ve made it clear that the United States will continue to stand with the people of this region in advancing their security, prosperity and dignity, including universal human rights. And I am very optimistic that the ties of friendship between our people -- as reflected by that roomful of young people that we saw yesterday -- will bring us even closer in the years to come. 我们已经明确表示，美国将继续与该地区人民站在一起，推动他们的安全、繁荣和尊严，包括普遍人权。我非常乐观地认为，我们两国人民之间的友谊纽带——正如我们昨天看到的那一屋子年轻人所体现的那样——将在未来岁月里把我们拉得更近。
So, with that, I'm going to take a couple questions. And I will start with Kathleen Hennessey of AP. 好，下面我来回答几个问题。首先请美联社的凯瑟琳·亨尼西提问。
Question: Thanks very much, Mr. President. There’s been a lot of talk back at home and here about how you were received on this trip, your last to Asia. Donald Trump said you were humiliated. I suspect you think that was overblown, but -- 问：非常感谢，总统先生。国内和这里都有很多关于您此行——您最后一次亚洲之行——受到何种接待的讨论。唐纳德·特朗普说您受到了羞辱。我猜您认为这种说法言过其实，但——
President Obama: Yes. 奥巴马总统：是的。
Question: Maybe you could talk about whether or not you think your reception here was at all limited to some of the -- or at all related to the limits and challenges of your Asia pivot policy. And while we're talking about legacy items, if I could just ask another quick one on Guantanamo Bay. You have four months left, 60 prisoners left. At this point, are you willing to acknowledge that the prison will be open by the time you leave office? 问：也许您可以谈谈，您认为您在这里受到的接待是否在某种程度上受到了您的亚太再平衡政策的局限和挑战的影响。另外，既然我们在谈遗产问题，我能再快速问一个关于关塔那摩湾的问题吗？您还有四个月任期，还剩六十名囚犯。在这个节点上，您是否愿意承认，在您卸任时这座监狱仍将开放？
President Obama: Well, in terms of my reception here as far as I can tell has been terrific. I don't know if you’ve gone and talked to some people in Laos. They seem pretty happy about my visit. Everywhere we've gone, we've had a great reception -- just as earlier when we went to Vietnam we got a great reception. You will recall there were millions of people lining the streets. 奥巴马总统：嗯，就我在这里受到的接待而言，我感觉非常好。我不知道你是否去和老挝的一些民众聊过。他们似乎对我的访问感到很高兴。我们所到之处都受到了热烈欢迎——就像早些时候去越南时一样，我们受到了热烈欢迎。你应该还记得，当时有数百万人沿街迎接。
So if this theory about my reception and my rebalance policy is based on me going down the short stairs in China, yes, I think that is overblown. And I think that any reasonable person, certainly any person in the region, would be puzzled as to how this became somehow indicative of the work that we've done here. 所以如果这种关于我的接待和再平衡政策的论调是基于我在中国走了短舷梯这件事，那我确实认为这太夸张了。我认为任何理性的人，当然也包括该地区的任何人，都会对这件事怎么就成了我们在这里所做工作的某种象征感到困惑。
If you look at the remarks of leaders, if you look at the remarks of ordinary people, if you look at the concrete work that we've gotten done on everything from economic programs to development programs, to legacy of war issues, to promoting civil society and young people, the concern that I've heard is not that what we've done hasn't been important and successful; the concern that I've heard is will it continue. And almost uniformly, the question I get from other leaders is, we hope that America’s interest and presence and engagement is sustained. 如果你看看各国领导人的表态、普通民众的反应，以及我们在经济项目、发展项目、战争遗留问题、促进公民社会和青年发展等方方面面取得的具体成果，我听到的担忧不是我们所做的事情不重要或不成功；我听到的担忧是这种局面能否持续。几乎所有其他领导人都向我提出了同样的问题：我们希望美国的关注、存在和参与能够持续下去。
And my hope and expectation is, is that my successor will, in fact, sustain this kind of engagement, because there is a lot happening here. You’ve got countries here that are taking off. You’ve got one of the most dynamic and youngest populations in the world. This is where the action is going to be when it comes to commerce and trade, and ultimately creating U.S. jobs by being able to sell to this market. 我的希望和期望是，我的继任者实际上会继续保持这种接触，因为这里正在发生很多变化。这里的国家正在腾飞。这里拥有世界上最具活力、最年轻的人口之一。当涉及到商业和贸易，以及最终通过向这个市场销售产品来创造美国就业岗位时，这里就是未来机遇所在。
And that's the only feedback that I've received. And that's not just based on what leaders tell me. If you read local newspapers or you talk to people, that's been the same commentary that we receive generally. 这就是我收到的唯一反馈。而且这不仅仅是基于领导人告诉我的话。如果你读一读当地报纸或和民众聊一聊，这也是我们普遍听到的评论。
With respect to Guantanamo, I am not ready to concede that it may still remain open because we're still working diligently to continue to shrink the population. I continue to believe that Guantanamo is a recruitment tool for terrorist organizations, that it clouds and sours some of the counterterrorism cooperation that we need to engage in. And it's not necessary and it's hugely expensive for U.S. taxpayers. 关于关塔那摩，我还不准备承认它可能会继续开放，因为我们仍在努力继续缩减在押人员数量。我始终认为，关塔那摩是恐怖组织的招募工具，它破坏和恶化了我们需要开展的一些反恐合作。而且它没有必要，对美国纳税人来说成本极其高昂。
Is there strong resistance in Congress? Absolutely. But as we continue to shrink the population to the point where we're looking at 40 or 50 people and are maintaining a multimillion-dollar operation to house these handfuls of individuals, I think the American people should be asking the question, why are we spending this kind of money that could be spent on other things when it's not necessary for our safety and security. 国会中有强烈的抵制吗？当然有。但随着我们继续缩减在押人员，到最后只剩下四五十人，却还要维持一个耗资数百万美元的设施来关押这寥寥数人，我认为美国人民应该问问自己，既然这对我们的安全和保障并非必要，我们为什么要花这笔可以用在其他地方的钱。
So there's no doubt that because of the politics in Congress right now, it is a tough road to hoe. But I expect to work really hard over the next four months -- five months -- four and a half months. 毫无疑问，由于目前国会的政治状况，这条路非常艰难。但我预计在接下来的四个月——五个月——四个半月里，我会非常努力地推动此事。
Margaret Brennan. 玛格丽特·布伦南。
Question: Thank you, Mr. President. Can you tell us if last night Philippine President Duterte offered his apology to you, and if you said to him the U.S. will continue to help the Philippines push back against China? And last night, sir, Donald Trump said Vladimir Putin has been more of a leader than you, and then he said you have reduced American generals to rubble. Do you care to defend your legacy? 问：谢谢您，总统先生。您能告诉我们，昨晚菲律宾总统杜特尔特是否向您道歉了？您是否对他表示美国将继续帮助菲律宾对抗中国？还有，总统先生，昨晚唐纳德·特朗普说弗拉基米尔·普京比您更像一位领导人，然后他还说您把美国将军们变成了废墟。您是否愿意为您的政治遗产辩护？
President Obama: Do I care to defend -- okay. 奥巴马总统：我是否愿意为——好吧。
Question: Respond. 问：回应一下。
President Obama: Okay, okay -- respond. Got it. I did shake hands with President Duterte last night. It was not a long interaction. And what I indicated to him is, is that my team should be meeting with his and determine how we can move forward on a whole range of issues. 奥巴马总统：好的，好的——回应。明白。我昨晚确实和杜特尔特总统握了手。那不是一次很长的互动。我向他表示，我的团队应该与他的团队会面，商讨我们如何在一系列问题上推进合作。
As I said when I was asked about this in China, I don’t take these comments personally, because it seems as if this is a phrase he's used repeatedly, including directed at the Pope and others, and so I think it seems to be just a habit, a way of speaking for him. 正如在中国被问及此事时我所说的，我不会把这些言论放在心上，因为这似乎是他反复使用的一种说法，包括针对教皇和其他人，所以我认为这似乎只是他的一种习惯、一种说话方式。
But as I said in China, we want to partner with the Philippines on the particular issue of narco-traffickers, which is a serious problem in the Philippines. It's a serious problem in the United States and around the world. On that narrow issue, we do want to make sure that the partnership we have is consistent with international norms and rule of law. 但正如我在中国所说，我们希望在贩毒分子这一具体问题上与菲律宾合作，这在菲律宾是一个严重的问题。在美国和全世界，这也是一个严重问题。在这个具体问题上，我们确实希望确保我们的伙伴关系符合国际准则和法治。
So we're not going to back off our position that if we're working with a country -- whether it's on antiterrorism, whether it's on going after drug traffickers -- as despicable as these networks may be, as much damage as they do, it is important from our perspective to make sure that we do it the right way, because the consequences of when you do it the wrong way is innocent people get hurt and you have a whole bunch of unintended consequences that don’t solve the problem. 因此，我们不会放弃我们的立场，即当我们与一个国家合作时——无论是反恐，还是打击毒贩——无论这些网络多么卑劣，无论它们造成多大伤害，从我们的角度来看，确保我们以正确的方式行事非常重要，因为错误行事的后果是无辜的人受到伤害，还会产生一大堆无法解决问题的意外后果。
It has no impact on our broader relationship with the Philippine people, on the wide range of programs and security cooperation that we have with this treaty ally. And it certainly has no impact in terms of how we interpret our obligations to continue to build on the longstanding alliance that we have with the Philippines however that may play itself out. 这不会影响我们与菲律宾人民的更广泛关系，不会影响我们与这个条约盟友在广泛项目和安全合作方面的关系。当然也不会影响我们对自己义务的理解，即无论事态如何发展，我们都要继续巩固与菲律宾的长期联盟。
And my hope and expectation is, is that as President Duterte and his team get acclimated to his new position, that they're able to define and clarify what exactly they want to get done, how that fits in with the work that we're already doing with the Philippine government, and hopefully it will be on a strong footing by the time the next administration comes in. 我的希望和期望是，随着杜特尔特总统和他的团队逐渐适应新的职位，他们能够明确并澄清自己究竟想要完成什么，以及这如何与我们已经在与菲律宾政府开展的工作相契合，希望在下一届政府上任时，双方关系能建立在稳固的基础之上。
As far as Mr. Trump, I think I've already offered my opinion. I don’t think the guy is qualified to be President of the United States. And every time he speaks, that opinion is confirmed. And I think the most important thing for the public and the press is to just listen to what he says and follow up and ask questions about what appear to be either contradictory or uninformed or outright wacky ideas. 至于特朗普先生，我想我已经表达过我的看法了。我认为这个人没有资格担任美国总统。每次他开口，都印证了我的这个看法。我认为对公众和媒体来说，最重要的就是听听他说的话，然后跟进提问，质疑那些看起来要么自相矛盾、要么缺乏根据、要么完全荒谬的想法。
There is this process that seems to take place over the course of the election season where somehow behavior that in normal times we would consider completely unacceptable and outrageous becomes normalized, and people start thinking that we should be grading on a curve. But I can tell you from the interactions that I've had over the last eight or nine days with foreign leaders, that this is serious business, and you actually have to know what you're talking about, and you actually have to have done your homework. 在选举季期间似乎会发生这样一种情况：某种在正常时期我们会认为完全不可接受、令人愤慨的行为变得正常化了，人们开始认为我们应该降低标准。但我可以告诉你们，根据过去八九天我与外国领导人的互动，这是一件严肃的事情，你必须真正知道自己在说什么，你必须真正做足功课。
And when you speak, it should actually reflect thought-out policy that you can implement. And I have confidence that if, in fact, people just listen to what he has to say and look at his track record -- or lack thereof -- that they'll make a good decision. 当你发言时，你的话应该真正反映出经过深思熟虑、能够付诸实施的政策。我有信心，如果人们真的听听他说的话，看看他的履历——或者说缺乏履历——他们会做出正确的决定。
Elise Hu. 伊莉斯·胡。
Question: Thank you very much, Mr. President. On North Korea, there's increasing evidence that China isn’t enforcing economic sanctions, namely when it comes to coal. So what's the next move there in your remaining four and a half months in office? And second, is it time for a fundamental rethink of North Korea policy, given that all these years of condemnations and increasing sanctions haven’t led to a desired outcome? Thank you. 问：非常感谢您，总统先生。关于朝鲜问题，有越来越多的证据表明中国没有执行经济制裁，特别是在煤炭方面。那么在您剩余的四个半月任期里，下一步将采取什么行动？第二个问题，鉴于这么多年的谴责和不断加码的制裁都没有带来预期的结果，是不是时候从根本上重新思考对朝政策了？谢谢。
President Obama: Well, those are good questions. In my meeting with President Xi, we emphasized the importance of full implementation of the U.N. sanctions that have been put forward. I can tell you that based on not only their presentations but actually intelligence and evidence that we've seen, China has done more on sanctions implementation than they have on some of the previous U.N. Security Council sanctions. But you are absolutely right that there are still places where they need to tighten up. And we continue to indicate to them the importance of tightening those up. 奥巴马总统：嗯，这些都是好问题。在我与习主席的会晤中，我们强调了全面执行已通过的联合国制裁的重要性。我可以告诉你们，不仅根据他们的表述，而且根据我们看到的情报和证据，中国在执行制裁方面比以往一些联合国安理会制裁做得更多。但你说得完全正确，在一些方面他们仍需加强。我们继续向他们表明加强执行的重要性。
You may have noted that China continues to object to the THAAD deployment in the Republic of Korea, one of our treaty allies. And what I've said to President Xi directly is that we cannot have a situation where we're unable to defend either ourselves or our treaty allies against increasingly provocative behavior and escalating capabilities by the North Koreans. 你可能已经注意到，中国继续反对在我们的条约盟友韩国部署萨德系统。我直接对习主席说，我们不能坐视自己或我们的条约盟友无法防御朝鲜日益挑衅的行为和不断升级的能力。
And I indicated to him that if the THAAD bothered him, particularly since it has no purpose other than defensive and does not change the strategic balance between the United States and China, that they need to work with us more effectively to change Pyongyang's behavior. 我向他表示，如果萨德让他感到不安——特别是因为萨德只有防御用途，不会改变美中之间的战略平衡——那么他们需要更有效地与我们合作，改变平壤的行为。
Now, when it comes to changing Pyongyang's behavior, it's tough. It is true that our approach -- my approach since I've been President -- is to not reward bad behavior. 说到改变平壤的行为，这很难。的确，我们的方针——自我就任总统以来我的方针——是不奖励不良行为。
And that was based on the fact that, before I came into office, you had a pattern in which North Korea would engage in some provocative action and, as a consequence of the equivalent of throwing a tantrum, countries would then try to placate them by giving them humanitarian aid or providing other concessions, or engaging in dialogue, which would relieve some of the pressure, and then they would just go right back to the same provocative behavior later. 这基于这样一个事实：在我上任之前，存在一种模式，朝鲜会采取一些挑衅行动，然后相当于耍脾气之后，各国就会试图安抚他们，向他们提供人道主义援助或其他让步，或者进行对话，从而减轻一些压力，然后他们之后又回到同样的挑衅行为。
And so our view was, that wasn’t working, let's trying something else. Now, it is entirely fair to say that they have continued to engage in the development of their nuclear program and these ballistic missile tests. 所以我们的看法是，那行不通，让我们试试别的办法。现在，公平地说，他们继续发展核计划并进行这些弹道导弹试验。
And so we are constantly examining other strategies that we can take, close consultations with Republic of Korea and Japan, as well as China and Russia and others who are interested parties, and we do believe that if there are any signs, at any point, that North Korea is serious about dialogue around denuclearization in the Korean Peninsula, that we'll be ready to have those conversations. 因此，我们一直在研究我们可以采取的其他策略，与韩国、日本以及中国、俄罗斯和其他相关各方密切磋商，我们确实认为，如果在任何时候有任何迹象表明朝鲜对围绕朝鲜半岛无核化的对话持认真态度，我们将随时准备进行这些对话。
It's not as if we are looking for a problem, or avoiding a willingness to engage diplomatically. But diplomacy requires that Pyongyang meet its international obligations, and not only is it failing to meet those international obligations, it's not even suggesting that they have any intention to do so anytime in the future regardless of the inducements that might be put on the table. 我们并不是在找麻烦，也不是不愿意进行外交接触。但外交要求平壤履行其国际义务，而它不仅没有履行这些国际义务，甚至没有表示出任何在未来履行的意向，无论摆在桌面上的诱因是什么。
So, look, we are deeply disturbed by what's happened. We are going to make sure that we put our defensive measures in place so that America is protected, our allies are protected. We will continue to put some of the toughest pressure that North Korea has ever been under as a consequence of this behavior. Can I guarantee that it works? No. But it is the best options that we have available to us right now. And we will continue to explore with all parties involved, including China, other potential means by which we can bring about a change in behavior. 所以，你看，我们对所发生的事情深感不安。我们将确保落实防御措施，以保护美国，保护我们的盟友。我们将继续对朝鲜施加其有史以来承受过的最严厉压力，作为对其行为的回应。我能保证这一定有效吗？不能。但这是我们目前可用的最佳选择。我们将继续与所有相关各方，包括中国，探讨可以改变其行为的其他潜在途径。
Bob Woodruff. 鲍勃·伍德拉夫。
Question: Thank you, Mr. President. First of all, I just want to let you know that this is going to be more of a personal question for you. We are almost the same exact age, born August 1961, but I'm two weeks younger than you. 问：谢谢您，总统先生。首先，我想告诉您，这将是一个更偏向个人的问题。我们年龄几乎完全一样，都是1961年8月出生的，但我比您小两周。
President Obama: You know, I noticed that when we were in the gym together, you were working out a little harder than me. So those two weeks clearly are making a difference. 奥巴马总统：你知道吗，我们一起在健身房的时候我就注意到了，你锻炼得比我卖力一点。所以那两周显然起了作用。
Question: But I want to ask you about some of your thoughts all those years ago, since we were living in those days of the Vietnam era. What were your thoughts about Vietnam, the war at that time, and certainly as time when on, but more importantly, about the Secret War, when you found out about that, and also as time went by? Given what you learned about that and what you see now, and what you’ve witnessed when you're here, do you think you should apologize fully to the country of Laos? 问：但我想问问您多年前的一些想法，因为我们都经历过越南战争那个年代。您当时对越南、对那场战争有什么看法？后来随着时间的推移呢？但更重要的是，当您得知"秘密战争"时是什么感受？后来又是怎么想的？鉴于您所了解到的情况、您现在所看到的，以及您在这里亲眼目睹的一切，您认为您应该向老挝这个国家正式道歉吗？
And one other very important thing, too, is, for those American veterans who did serve in the Secret War, those that are Special Ops, CIA, certainly pilots that dropped the bombs -- those are the ones that targeted known enemies in a war they did not create. Would you be comfortable, in Laos, calling them heroes as we do with those that served in Iraq and Afghanistan? 还有一件非常重要的事，对于那些确实在"秘密战争"中服役的美国退伍军人——那些特种部队、中情局人员，当然还有投弹的飞行员——他们是在一场不是他们发动的战争中打击已知的敌人。您愿意在老挝称他们为英雄吗，就像我们对那些在伊拉克和阿富汗服役的人那样？
President Obama: Well, because we're the same age, you'll recall that at the peak of the war, we were still too young, I think, to fully understand the scope of what was taking place. It was the tail end of the war where we're entering high school and starting to understand the meaning of it. But at that point, it was -- I think the debate had raged. Even those who had been strong supporters of the war recognized there needed to be some mechanism to bring it to an end. 奥巴马总统：嗯，因为我们同龄，你应该还记得，在战争最激烈的时候，我们还太小，我觉得还无法完全理解正在发生的事情的全貌。那是战争的尾声阶段，我们正要上高中，开始理解战争的意义。但在那个时候——我想争论已经很激烈了。即使是那些曾经强烈支持战争的人也认识到，需要有某种机制来结束它。
So I can't say that I was so precocious that I had deep thoughts about it at the time, other than the images that we all saw on television. 所以我不能说我当时有多么早熟，对这件事有什么深刻的思考，除了我们在电视上看到的画面之外。
Standing here now, in retrospect, I think what I can say is that the United States was on the right side of history when it came to the Cold War. There may have been moments, particularly here in Southeast Asia, in which, in our singular focus on defeating an expansionist and very aggressive communism, that we didn’t think through all the implications of what we did as policymakers. 现在站在这里，回首往事，我想说的是，在冷战问题上，美国站在了历史正确的一边。但也许在某些时刻，特别是在东南亚地区，当我们一门心思专注于击败扩张性的、极具侵略性的共产主义时，我们并没有充分考虑到作为决策者我们所做的一切会带来的所有影响。
And certainly when you see the dropping of cluster bombs, trying to figure out how that was going to be effective -- particularly since part of the job was to win over hearts and minds -- how that was going to work, I think with the benefit of hindsight, we have to say that a lot of those consequences were not ones that necessarily served our interests. 当然，当你看到集束炸弹的投放，试图弄清楚这会有多大效果——尤其是因为部分任务是要争取民心——这会如何奏效，我认为事后看来，我们必须承认，其中很多后果并不一定符合我们的利益。
Having said that -- and I've said this before -- regardless of what happens in the White House and decisions made by policymakers, when our men and women in uniform go into action and put their lives on the line, and they're carrying out their duty, my attitude is they're always heroes, because they are saying that I am willing to do whatever it takes, what my Commander-in-Chief has ordered, in order to keep the American people safe. And, by definition, their job is to put their lives on the line and make sacrifices, both seen and unseen, that have longstanding ramifications. 话虽如此——我以前也说过——无论白宫发生什么，无论决策者做出什么决定，当我们的男女军人投入战斗、冒着生命危险履行职责时，我的态度是，他们永远是英雄，因为他们表明，为了保护美国人民的安全，我愿意做一切需要做的事，执行我的总司令下达的命令。就其本质而言，他们的工作就是冒着生命危险，做出看得见和看不见的牺牲，这些牺牲都有着长期的影响。
And that act of sacrifice is heroic. 而这种牺牲行为本身就是英勇的。
And one of the things that when I think about in terms of legacy and I reflect back on my presidency as it comes to an end, is the degree to which I came in respecting and honoring our men and women in uniform, I leave here even more in awe of what they do. 当我思考政治遗产、回顾我即将结束的总统任期时，其中一点就是，我上任时尊重和敬仰我们的男女军人，而离任时我对他们的付出更加敬畏。
And it also is one of the reasons why I take so seriously the decisions I make about war and peace. Because I know whatever decision I make, there are men and women out there who will carry out my decision, even if they think it's wrong, even if they didn’t vote for me, even if they have completely different ideas about what's required for our national security. That's heroism. That's service. That's the definition of it. And that puts a special burden on the occupant of my office to get it right -- or at least as right as you can. 这也是我如此严肃地对待战争与和平决策的原因之一。因为我知道，无论我做出什么决定，都会有男女军人去执行我的决定，即使他们认为那是错的，即使他们没有投票给我，即使他们对我们的国家安全需要什么有着完全不同的想法。这就是英雄主义。这就是奉献。这就是它的定义。而这给我这个职位的担任者带来了特殊的负担，那就是必须把事情做对——或者至少尽你所能做到最好。
And hopefully, when people look back 20 years from now, or 30 years from now, at the decisions I made, they'll be able to say that he did pretty good. 希望二十年或三十年后，当人们回顾我所做的决定时，他们会说他干得还不错。
All right? Thank you very much, everybody. Let's go home. 好了？非常感谢大家。我们回家吧。
