Before I begin I just want to express on behalf of the American people our deepest condolences to the Republic of Korea and the families of all those who’ve seen their loved ones lost when a ferry sank within the last couple of days. 开始之前，我想代表美国人民，向大韩民国以及过去几天渡轮沉没事故中失去亲人的所有家庭致以最深切的哀悼。
Obviously, information is still coming in. We know that many of the victims of this terrible tragedy were students. And American Navy personnel and Marines have already been on the scene helping the search and rescue. As one of our closest allies, our commitment to South Korea is unwavering in good times and in bad, and that's something I'll underscore during my visit to Seoul next week. 显然，我们仍在收到更多消息。我们知道，这场可怕悲剧的许多遇难者是学生。美国海军人员和海军陆战队员已经到场，协助搜寻和救援。韩国是我们最亲密的盟友之一，无论顺境还是逆境，我们对韩国的承诺都坚定不移。下周访问首尔时，我会再次强调这一点。
Before I take questions I'd also like to say a few words about how the Affordable Care Act is now covering more people at less cost than most would have predicted just a few months ago. 在回答问题之前，我还想谈谈《平价医疗法》：如今它为更多人提供了保障，而成本比几个月前大多数人预料的更低。
The first open enrollment period under this law ended a little over two weeks ago. And as more data comes in, we now know that the number of Americans who’ve signed up for private insurance in the marketplaces has grown to 8 million people -- 8 million people. Thirty-five percent of people who enrolled through the federal marketplace are under the age of 35. All told, independent experts now estimate that millions of Americans who were uninsured have gained coverage this year -- with millions more to come next year and the year after. 这项法律实施以来的首个开放投保期在两个多星期前结束。随着更多数据汇总，我们现在知道，通过保险市场购买私人保险的美国人已增至800万——800万人。通过联邦保险市场投保者中，35%未满35岁。总体而言，独立专家现在估计，今年已有数百万原本没有保险的美国人获得保障，明年和后年还会有数百万人加入。
We’ve also seen signs that the Affordable Care Act is bringing economic security to more Americans. Before this law added new transparency and competition to the individual market, folks who bought insurance on their own regularly saw double-digit increases in their premiums. That was the norm. And while we suspect that premiums will keep rising, as they have for decades, we also know that since the law took effect health care spending has risen more slowly than at any time in the past 50 years. 我们也看到迹象表明，《平价医疗法》正在给更多美国人带来经济安全。在这项法律为个人保险市场引入新的透明度和竞争之前，自行购买保险的人通常每年都面临两位数的保费涨幅；那曾是常态。我们预计保费仍会像过去几十年那样上涨，但也知道，自法律生效以来，医疗支出的增长速度比过去50年任何时期都慢。
In the decade before the Affordable Care Act, employer-based insurance rose almost 8 percent a year. Last year, it grew at half that rate. Under this law, real Medicare costs per person have nearly stopped growing. The life of the Medicare Trust Fund has been extended by 10 years. And the independent Congressional Budget Office now expects premiums for plans on the marketplace to be 15 percent lower than originally predicted. 在《平价医疗法》出台前的十年，雇主提供的保险费用每年上涨近8%。去年，涨幅只有这一数字的一半。根据这项法律，联邦医疗保险的人均实际成本几乎停止增长；医疗保险信托基金的可持续年限延长了10年。独立的国会预算办公室现在还预计，保险市场中计划的保费将比最初预测低15%。
So those savings add up to more money that families can spend at businesses, more money that businesses can spend hiring new workers. And the CBO now says that the Affordable Care Act will be cheaper than recently projected. Lower costs from coverage provisions will shrink our deficits by an extra $100 billion. 这些节省意味着家庭有更多钱到商家消费，企业有更多钱雇用新员工。国会预算办公室如今还表示，《平价医疗法》的成本将低于近期预测。保障条款成本下降，会让我们的赤字再减少1000亿美元。
So the bottom line is, under the Affordable Care Act, the share of Americans with insurance is up, the growth of health care costs is down. Hundreds of millions of Americans who already have insurance now have new benefits and protections from free preventive care to freedom from lifetime caps on your care. No American with a preexisting condition like asthma or cancer can be denied coverage. No woman can be charged more just for being a woman. Those days are over. And this thing is working. 归根结底，在《平价医疗法》下，拥有保险的美国人比例上升，医疗成本的增长速度下降。数亿原本已有保险的美国人如今享有新福利和保护，从免费预防性医疗服务，到取消终身医疗保障限额。任何患有哮喘或癌症等既有疾病的美国人都不能被拒保；任何女性也不能仅因性别而被多收保费。那样的日子已经过去，这项法律正在发挥作用。
I’ve said before, this law won’t solve all the problems in our health care system. We know we've got more work to do. But we now know for a fact that repealing the Affordable Care Act would increase the deficit, raise premiums for millions of Americans, and take insurance away from millions more -- which is why, as I've said before, I find it strange that the Republican position on this law is still stuck in the same place that it has always been. 我以前说过，这项法律无法解决医疗体系中的所有问题。我们知道还有更多工作要做。但现在我们确切知道，废除《平价医疗法》会增加赤字、提高数百万美国人的保费，并让另外数百万人失去保险。正因如此，正如我以前说过的，我觉得奇怪的是，共和党对这项法律的立场仍停留在原地。
They still can’t bring themselves to admit that the Affordable Care Act is working. They said nobody would sign up; they were wrong about that. They said it would be unaffordable for the country; they were wrong about that. They were wrong to keep trying to repeal a law that is working when they have no alternative answer for millions of Americans with preexisting conditions who would be denied coverage again, or every woman who would be charged more for just being a woman again. 他们仍不肯承认《平价医疗法》正在发挥作用。他们说没人会投保，事实证明他们错了；他们说国家负担不起，事实也证明他们错了。他们坚持试图废除一项有效的法律，却没有替代办法帮助数百万可能再次因既有疾病被拒保的美国人，或那些可能再次仅因是女性而被多收保费的人；这样做同样是错误的。
I know every American isn’t going to agree with this law. But I think we can agree that it’s well past time to move on as a country and refocus our energy on the issues that the American people are most concerned about -- and that continues to be the economy. Because these endless, fruitless repeal efforts come at a cost. The 50 or so votes Republicans have taken to repeal this law could have been 50 votes to create jobs by investing in things like infrastructure or innovation. Or 50 votes to make it easier for middle-class families to send their kids to college. 我知道，并非每个美国人都赞同这项法律。但我认为，我们可以同意，国家早就该向前看，把精力重新集中在美国人民最关心的问题上，也就是经济。因为无休无止、毫无结果的废法尝试有其代价。共和党人为废除这项法律进行的约50次表决，本可以是50次通过投资基础设施或创新来创造就业的表决，或是50次帮助中产家庭更容易送子女上大学的表决。
Or 50 votes to raise the minimum wage, or restore unemployment insurance that they let expire for folks working hard to find a new job. 也可以是50次提高最低工资的表决，或恢复失业保险的表决，而他们却让那些努力寻找新工作的人失去了这项保障。
The point is the repeal debate is and should be over. The Affordable Care Act is working. And I know the American people don’t want us spending the next two and a half years refighting the settled political battles of the last five years. They sent us here to repair our economy, to rebuild our middle class, and to restore our founding promise of opportunity -- not just for a few, but for all. And as President, that’s exactly what I intend to keep doing as long as I’m in this office. 关键是，关于废法的争论已经结束，也理应结束。《平价医疗法》正在发挥作用。我知道，美国人民不希望我们在接下来的两年半里，重新打过去五年已经定局的政治仗。他们选我们来这里，是要修复经济、重建中产阶级、恢复建国时关于机会的承诺——让机会属于所有人，而非少数人。只要我还担任总统，我就打算继续做这件事。
With that, I’ll take some questions. Let’s see who we got. Kathleen Hennessey of the LA Times. 现在我来回答一些问题。看看有谁。《洛杉矶时报》的凯瑟琳·亨尼西。
Question: Thanks, Mr. President. It sounds like there’s been some development in the Ukraine talks in Geneva. I’m just wondering if you could describe your level of confidence in what this agreement is and how you can be sure that Russia will follow through, given some of the remarks from President Putin this morning. 提问：谢谢您，总统先生。听起来，日内瓦的乌克兰问题会谈有了一些进展。我想知道，您对这项协议有多大信心？考虑到普京总统今天早上的一些言论，您怎么能确定俄罗斯会履行协议？
President Obama: I don’t think we can be sure of anything at this point. I think there is the possibility, the prospect that diplomacy may deescalate the situation and we may be able to move towards what has always been our goal, which is let the Ukrainians make their own decisions about their own lives. 奥巴马总统：我认为现在我们对任何事情都无法确信。我认为外交仍有可能使局势降温，我们也可能朝一直以来的目标迈进：让乌克兰人自己决定自己的生活。
There was a meeting in Geneva -- representatives of the Ukrainian government, the Russian government, the EU, as well as the United States. It was a lengthy, vigorous conversation. 日内瓦举行了一场会议，参加者包括乌克兰政府、俄罗斯政府、欧盟以及美国的代表。会谈时间很长，讨论也很充分。
My understanding is, is that the Ukrainian Prime Foreign** Minister gave a detailed and thorough presentation about the reforms that they intend to introduce, including reforms that provide assurances for Ukrainians who live in eastern and southern Ukraine that they will be fully represented, that their rights will be protected, that Russian speakers and Russian natives in Ukraine will have the full protection of the law. 据我了解，乌克兰外交部长详细、全面地介绍了他们打算推行的改革。其中包括向乌克兰东部和南部居民保证，他们会得到充分代表，权利会受到保护；乌克兰境内讲俄语的人和俄罗斯族人也会得到法律的全面保护。
And my understanding, based on what I’ve heard, is that there was an acknowledgement within the meeting that the Ukrainian government in Kyiv had gone out of its way to address a range of the concerns that may have existed in southern and eastern Ukraine. 根据我所听到的情况，我了解到，会上有人承认基辅的乌克兰政府已尽力回应乌克兰南部和东部可能存在的一系列关切。
There was a promising public statement that indicated the need to disarm all irregular forces and militias and groups that have been occupying buildings. There was an offer of amnesty to those who would willingly lay down their arms, evacuate those buildings, so that law and order could be restored in eastern and southern Ukraine. 会后发表了一份令人看到希望的公开声明，指出所有非正规武装、民兵以及占据建筑物的团体都需要解除武装。同时提出，对愿意放下武器、撤离建筑物的人给予赦免，以便在乌克兰东部和南部恢复法律与秩序。
The Russians signed on to that statement. And the question now becomes will, in fact, they use the influence that they’ve exerted in a disruptive way to restore some order so that Ukrainians can carry out an election, move forward with the decentralization reforms that they’ve proposed, stabilize their economy, and start getting back on the path of growth and democracy and that their sovereignty will be respected. 俄罗斯签署了这份声明。现在的问题是，他们是否真的会利用此前以扰乱局势的方式施加的影响力，帮助恢复秩序，让乌克兰人能够举行选举、推进他们提出的权力下放改革、稳定经济，并重回增长与民主的道路，同时使乌克兰的主权受到尊重。
We’re not going to know whether, in fact, there’s follow-through on these statements for several days. And so today I spoke with Chancellor Merkel; later on in the day I’m going to be speaking to David Cameron. We’re going to be consulting with our European allies. Over the last week, we have put in place additional consequences that we can impose on the Russians if we do not see actual improvement of the situation on the ground. And we are coordinating now with our European allies. 我们要过几天才能知道这些声明是否真正得到落实。因此，今天我与默克尔总理通了话；今天晚些时候，我还会与戴维·卡梅伦交谈。我们会同欧洲盟友磋商。过去一周，我们已经准备好在当地局势没有实际改善时对俄罗斯采取的进一步措施，现在正与欧洲盟友协调。
My hope is that we actually do see follow-through over the next several days. But I don’t think given past performance that we can count on that, and we have to be prepared to potentially respond to what continue to be efforts of interference by the Russians in Eastern and Southern Ukraine. 我希望未来几天能真正看到落实。但考虑到过去的表现，我认为我们不能指望这一点。我们必须准备好，对俄罗斯继续干预乌克兰东部和南部的行动作出可能的回应。
If, in fact, we do see improvements, then that will obviously be a positive. In the meantime, we’re going to make sure that we continue to help the Ukrainian government -- working with the IMF, the Europeans and others -- to stabilize their economy and to start reforming it. We’re going to continue to work with our NATO allies to make sure that they are assured that we’re going to meet our Article 5 obligations and that they are secure. 如果确实出现改善，当然是好事。与此同时，我们会继续与国际货币基金组织、欧洲各国及其他伙伴合作，帮助乌克兰政府稳定并开始改革经济。我们也会继续与北约盟友合作，让他们确信我们会履行第五条规定的义务，确保他们的安全。
And as I’ve said before -- I think I had an interview with Major yesterday in which I mentioned this whole exercise by the Russians is not good for Russia either. There are, I think, a number of articles today indicating the degree to which an economy that was already stuck in the mud is further deteriorating because of these actions. 正如我此前所说，我想昨天接受梅杰采访时也提到，俄罗斯的这一整套举动对俄罗斯自己也没有好处。今天有多篇报道指出，本来就陷入停滞的俄罗斯经济，正因这些行动进一步恶化。
And in my conversations with President Putin, I’ve emphasized the same thing, that we have no desire to see further deterioration of the Russian economy. On the other hand, we are going to continue to uphold the basic principle of sovereignty and territorial integrity for all countries; and that there’s a way for Ukraine to be independent, to be sovereign, and to have positive relationships with both the West and the East, with both its European neighbors and its Russian neighbors. And that’s our primary concern. 我与普京总统交谈时也强调，我们不希望俄罗斯经济进一步恶化。另一方面，我们将继续维护所有国家的主权和领土完整这一基本原则。乌克兰完全可以保持独立与主权，同时与西方和东方、与欧洲邻国和俄罗斯邻国都保持积极关系。这是我们最主要的关切。
Maria Peña, La Opinión. 《观点报》的玛丽亚·佩尼亚。
Question: Thank you, Mr. President. I’ve got a hot spot for you here in the U.S. House Majority Leader Eric Cantor said -- or claimed that you haven’t learned how to work with them. And he’s angry that you’re attacking the GOP on the lack of movement on immigration reform. So I was wondering how you respond to that. 提问：谢谢您，总统先生。我这里有个棘手问题。美国众议院多数党领袖埃里克·坎托说，或者说声称，您还没有学会与他们合作。他对您批评共和党阻碍移民改革很生气。您对此如何回应？
And the second part to that, right now you have hunger strikers across the street demanding relief for undocumented immigrants. And I was wondering if you can dispel the rumors or if there’s a leak from the White House that you will make some sort of announcement in the coming weeks to expand that relief for the undocumented. Thank you. 问题的第二部分是，此刻街对面有绝食抗议者，要求为无证移民提供救济。您能否澄清传闻？是否有人从白宫泄露消息，说您将在未来几周宣布某种扩大无证移民救济的措施？谢谢。
President Obama: Well, I actually had a very pleasant conversation with Mr. Cantor yesterday. 奥巴马总统：其实昨天我和坎托先生进行了一次非常愉快的谈话。
Question: Really? 提问：真的吗？
President Obama: I did. You’re always kind of surprised by the mismatch between press releases and the conversation. I wished him happy Passover. And what I said to him privately is something that I would share with him -- that I’ve said publicly, which is there is bipartisan support for comprehensive immigration reform. It would strengthen our economy, it would help with our security, and it would provide relief to families who -- many of whom have lived here for years and who have children and family members who are U.S. citizens; and that Congress should act; 奥巴马总统：真的。新闻稿与实际谈话之间的差距总让人有点意外。我祝他逾越节快乐。我私下对他说的话，也是我愿意公开分享、并且已经公开说过的：全面移民改革得到两党的支持。它会加强经济、改善安全，也会帮助许多家庭——其中不少人已经在这里生活多年，他们的子女和家人是美国公民。国会应当采取行动；
and that right now what’s holding us back is House Republican leadership not willing to go ahead and let the process move forward. 而眼下阻碍我们前进的，是众议院共和党领导层不愿让程序继续推进。
So it was a pretty friendly conversation. I think in his press release, I gather he was referring to the observation that we’d made a day earlier that it had now been a year since the Senate had passed a strong bipartisan bill, and that although we had heard a lot of talk about the House Republicans being interested in doing something, nothing had happened yet, and suggesting that we need some urgency here. I still feel the same way. 所以，那是一次相当友好的谈话。我想，他在新闻稿中指的，大概是我们前一天指出的情况：参议院通过一项有力的两党法案已有一年。尽管我们听到许多关于众议院共和党人有意采取行动的说法，至今却什么也没有发生。因此我们说，这件事需要紧迫感。我现在仍这么认为。
I know there are Republicans in the House, as there are Republicans in the Senate, who know this is the right thing to do. I also know it’s hard politics for Republicans because there are some in their base that are very opposed to this. But what I also know is that there are families all across the country who are experiencing great hardship and pain because this is not getting resolved. 我知道众议院和参议院都有共和党人明白，这样做是对的。我也知道，这对共和党来说政治上很难，因为其基本盘中有人强烈反对。但我同样知道，由于问题迟迟得不到解决，全国各地的家庭正承受极大的艰辛和痛苦。
I also know that there are businesses around the country that could be growing even faster, that our deficits could be coming down faster, that we would have more customers in our shops, if we get this thing resolved. 我还知道，如果解决这个问题，全国各地的企业本可以发展得更快，我们的赤字本可以下降得更快，商店里也会有更多顾客。
We know what the right thing to do is. It’s a matter of political will. It’s not any longer a matter of policy. And I’m going to continue to encourage them to get this done. 我们知道正确的做法是什么。现在缺的是政治意愿，已不再是政策方案的问题。我会继续敦促他们把这件事办成。
As far as our actions, Jeh Johnson, our new head of the Department of Homeland Security, has been talking to everybody -- law enforcement, immigrant rights groups -- to do a thorough-going review of our approach towards enforcement. And we’re doing that in consultation with Democrats and Republicans and with any interested party. 至于我们的行动，新任国土安全部部长杰·约翰逊一直在与各方交谈，包括执法部门和移民权利团体，以全面审查我们执行移民法的做法。我们也在与民主党人、共和党人以及所有关心此事的人协商。
I do think that the system we have right now is broken. I’m not alone in that opinion. The only way to truly fix it is through congressional action. We have already tried to take as many administrative steps as we could. We’re going to review it one more time to see if there’s more that we can do to make it more consistent with common sense and more consistent with I think the attitudes of the American people, which is we shouldn’t be in the business necessarily of tearing families apart who otherwise are law-abiding. 我确实认为，我们目前的制度已经失灵。持这种观点的不只我一人。真正修复制度的唯一途径是国会采取行动。我们已经尽可能采取了行政措施。现在还会再审查一次，看看能否采取更多措施，使执行方式更合乎常理，也更符合我认为的美国人民的态度：我们不应随意拆散那些在其他方面守法的家庭。
And so let me -- 所以，让我——
Question: Do you have a time? 提问：您有时间表吗？
President Obama: I won’t get into timing right now because Mr. Johnson is going to go ahead and do that review. 奥巴马总统：我现在不谈时间表，因为约翰逊先生要先完成那项审查。
Tamara Keith. 塔玛拉·基思。
Question: So you -- regarding the Affordable Care Act, I think you -- 提问：那么，关于《平价医疗法》，我想您——
President Obama: Yes, let’s talk about that. 奥巴马总统：好，我们谈谈这个。
Question: Since you brought it up. I think everyone agrees that it has flaws. But Democrats have been sort of reluctant in Congress to reopen the conversation, and Republicans have been more than happy to reopen the conversation but in a different way. Now that, as you say, it’s here to stay, there are so many people that signed up, in this environment is it possible to do the kind of corrections that the business community and many others would like to see -- sort of small, technical corrections? 提问：既然是您提起的。我想大家都同意，这项法律有缺陷。但国会中的民主党人一直不太愿意重开讨论，共和党人则很愿意重开讨论，只是方式不同。现在，正如您所说，这项法律会继续存在，而且已有这么多人投保，在这种环境下，是否可能作出商界和许多其他人希望看到的修正，也就是一些小规模的技术性修正？
President Obama: It is absolutely possible, but it will require a change in attitude on the part of the Republicans. 奥巴马总统：完全有可能，但这要求共和党人改变态度。
I have always said from the outset that on any large piece of legislation like this, there are going to be things that need to be improved, need to be tweaked. I said that I think the day I signed the bill. And I don't think there’s been any hesitation on our part to consider ideas that would actually improve the legislation. The challenge we have is, is that if you have certain members in the Republican Party whose view is making it work better is a concession to me, then it's hard in that environment to actually get it done. 从一开始我就说过，像这样一部重要法律，总会有需要改进、需要调整的地方。我想，在签署法案当天我就这样说过。对于真正能够改进法律的建议，我们从未犹豫过要加以考虑。困难在于，如果共和党某些成员认为，让法律运作得更好就等于向我让步，那么在这种环境下就很难真正完成改进。
And I recognize that their party is going through the stages of grief -- anger and denial and all that stuff -- and we're not at acceptance yet. But at some point, my assumption is, is that there will be an interest to figure out how do we make this work in the best way possible. 我理解，他们的政党正在经历悲伤的几个阶段——愤怒、否认，诸如此类——还没走到接受。但我想，总有一天，他们会有兴趣思考怎样让这项法律尽可能有效地运作。
We have 8 million people signed up through the exchanges. That doesn’t include the 3 million young people who are able to stay on their parents’ plan. It doesn’t include the 3 million people who benefited from expansions to Medicaid. So if my math is correct, that's 14 million right there. You’ve got another 5 million people who signed up outside of the marketplaces but are part of the same insurance pool. So we've got a sizable part of the U.S. population now in the first -- for the first time in many cases, in a position to enjoy the financial security of health insurance. 已有800万人通过保险交易市场投保。这还不包括得以继续使用父母保险计划的300万年轻人，也不包括从扩大医疗补助中受益的300万人。如果我算得没错，光这些就有1400万人。另有500万人在交易市场之外投保，但属于同一个保险风险池。因此，如今美国人口中已有相当大的一部分，在许多情况下是第一次，能够享有医疗保险提供的财务安全。
And I'm meeting them as I'm on the road. I saw a woman yesterday -- young woman, maybe 34, with her mom and her dad, and she’s got two small kids and self-employed husband, and was diagnosed with breast cancer. And this isn’t an abstraction to her. She is saving her home. She is saving her business. She is saving her parents’ home, potentially, because she’s got health insurance, which she just could not afford. 我出行时会遇到这些人。昨天我见到一位大约34岁的年轻女性，她和父母在一起，有两个年幼的孩子，丈夫是自雇人士，她被诊断患有乳腺癌。对她来说，这不是抽象的问题。因为有了过去负担不起的医疗保险，她保住了自己的家、自己的生意，甚至可能保住了父母的家。
And the question now becomes if, in fact, this is working for a lot of people but there are still improvements to make, why are we still having a conversation about repealing the whole thing, and why are we having folks say that any efforts to improve it are somehow handing Obama a victory? This isn’t about me. And my hope is, is that we start moving beyond that. My suspicion is that probably will not happen until after November because it seems as if this is the primary agenda item in the Republican political platform. 现在的问题是，既然这项法律确实在帮助许多人，尽管仍有改进的余地，为什么我们还在讨论把它整个废除？为什么有人说，任何改进都等于送给奥巴马一场胜利？这件事与我个人无关。我希望我们能越过这一点。但我怀疑，在11月之后情况才可能改变，因为这似乎是共和党政治纲领的首要议题。
But here’s what I know: The American people would much rather see us talk about jobs, would much rather see us talk about high college costs, would much rather see us discussing how we can rebuild our roads and our bridges and our infrastructure and put people back to work. They’d much rather see us talk about how we’d boost wages and boost incomes and improve their individual family bottom lines. 但我知道，美国人民更愿意看到我们谈就业，谈高昂的大学费用，谈如何重建道路、桥梁和基础设施，让人们重新工作。他们更愿意听我们讨论如何提高工资和收入，改善每个家庭的收支状况。
And if the Republicans want to spend the entire next six months or year talking about repealing a bill that provides millions of people health insurance without providing any meaningful alternative, instead of wanting to talk about jobs and the economic situation of families all across the country, that's their prerogative. At some point I think they’ll make the transition. That's my hope, anyway. If not, we're just going to keep on doing what we're doing, which is making it work for people all across the country. 如果共和党人希望在未来半年或一年，把全部时间用来讨论废除一项为数百万人提供医疗保险的法律，却拿不出任何有意义的替代方案，而不愿讨论就业和全国各地家庭的经济处境，那是他们的选择。我想他们终究会转变，至少我希望如此。如果没有，我们就继续做正在做的事：让这项法律为全国人民发挥作用。
I'm sorry, I'm going to say one last thing about this, just because this does frustrate me: States that have chosen not to expand Medicaid for no other reason than political spite. You’ve got 5 million people who could be having health insurance right now at no cost to these states -- zero cost to these states -- other than ideological reasons. They have chosen not to provide health insurance for their citizens. That's wrong. It should stop. Those folks should be able to get health insurance like everybody else. 抱歉，我还想就此说最后一件事，因为它确实让我沮丧：有些州仅仅出于政治怨恨，选择不扩大医疗补助。现在有500万人本可以获得医疗保险，而这些州无需承担任何费用——费用为零。除了意识形态的原因，他们却选择不给本州公民提供医疗保险。这是错误的，应当停止。那些人应该像其他人一样能够获得医疗保险。
Isaac, from Politico. Where are you, Isaac? There you are. 《政治报》的艾萨克。艾萨克，你在哪里？啊，在那里。
Question: Thank you, Mr. President. Given all that you were just saying about the Affordable Care Act, do you think it's time for Democrats to start campaigning loudly and positively on the benefits of Obamacare? Will you lead that charge? 提问：谢谢您，总统先生。鉴于您刚才关于《平价医疗法》的发言，您认为民主党现在是否应该响亮、积极地宣传奥巴马医改的好处？您会带头这样做吗？
And on Ukraine, you’ve said in other situations -- Iran, for example -- that the military option remains on the table even as talks go on. Is the military option on the table with Russia? And if so, would that be through NATO forces, through lethal aid to Ukraine? 还有乌克兰问题。您在其他情况下，比如伊朗问题上说过，即使谈判继续，军事选项也仍然存在。面对俄罗斯，军事选项还存在吗？如果存在，会通过北约部队，还是向乌克兰提供致命武器援助？
President Obama: Now, keep in mind I think I’ve been very clear that military options are not on the table in Ukraine because this is not a situation that would be amenable to a clear military solution. What we have to do is to create an environment in which irregular forces disarm, that the seizing of buildings cease, that a national dialogue by Ukrainians -- not by Russians, not by Americans or anybody else, but by Ukrainians -- takes place. 奥巴马总统：请记住，我想我已经说得很清楚，乌克兰问题不存在军事选项，因为这种局势不可能通过明确的军事手段解决。我们必须创造条件，让非正规武装解除武装，停止占领建筑物，让乌克兰人——不是俄罗斯人、美国人或其他任何人，而是乌克兰人——展开全国对话。
They move forward with reforms that meet the interests of the various groups within Ukraine, they move forward with elections, and they start getting their economic house in order. That’s what’s going to solve the problem. 他们应推进能够兼顾乌克兰境内不同群体利益的改革，举行选举，并开始整顿经济。这才是解决问题的办法。
And so obviously, Russia right now still has its forces amassed along the Ukrainian-Russian border as a gesture of intimidation. And it is our belief -- and not ours alone -- but I think broad portions of the international community believe that Russia’s hand is in the disruptions and chaos that we’ve been seeing in southern and eastern Ukraine. But there is an opportunity for Russia to take a different approach. We are encouraging them to do so. 显然，俄罗斯现在仍在乌俄边境集结军队，作为恐吓姿态。我们相信，而且不只有我们相信，国际社会相当广泛的部分也认为，俄罗斯插手了我们在乌克兰南部和东部看到的动乱与混乱。但俄罗斯有机会采取不同做法，我们正鼓励它这样做。
In the meantime, we’re going to prepare additional responses should Russia fail to take a different course. We’ve already had an impact on their economy that is well documented. It could get significantly worse. But we don’t have an interest in hurting ordinary Russians just for the sake of it. Our strong preference would be for Mr. Putin to follow through on what is a glimmer of hope coming out of these Geneva talks. But we’re not going to count on it until we see it. And in the meantime, we’re going to prepare what our other options are. 与此同时，如果俄罗斯不改变路线，我们会准备进一步的回应。我们已经对俄罗斯经济产生有据可查的影响，情况还可能严重恶化。但我们无意仅仅为了伤害而伤害普通俄罗斯人。我们非常希望普京先生落实日内瓦会谈带来的那一线希望。不过在看到实际行动之前，我们不会对此抱有指望；同时会准备其他可用的选项。
With respect to the Affordable Care Act, my point is that we’ve been having a political fight about this for five years. We need to move on to something else. That’s what the American people are interested in. I think that Democrats should forcefully defend and be proud of the fact that millions of people like the woman I just described who I saw in Pennsylvania yesterday we’re helping because of something we did. I don’t think we should apologize for it, and I don’t think we should be defensive about it. I think there is a strong, good, right story to tell. 至于《平价医疗法》，我的意思是，我们为此进行了五年的政治争论。现在需要转向其他事情，这是美国人民关心的。我认为民主党人应该有力地捍卫我们的工作，并为此感到自豪：由于我们所做的事，我们正在帮助数百万人，包括我昨天在宾夕法尼亚州见到的那位女性。我们不应为此道歉，也不应采取防御姿态。这是一个有力、正面而正确的故事，值得讲述。
I think what the other side is doing and what the other side is offering would strip away protections from those families and from hundreds of millions of people who already had health insurance before the law passed, but never knew if the insurance company could drop them when they actually needed it, or women who were getting charged more just because they were a woman. I’m still puzzled why they’ve made this their sole agenda item when it comes to our politics. It’s curious. 我认为，对方的做法和主张会剥夺那些家庭的保障，也会剥夺数亿原本在法律通过前就有保险的人的保护。他们以前不知道，在真正需要保险时，保险公司是否会终止保障；女性也可能仅因性别被多收保费。我仍不明白，为什么他们把此事变成政治议程中的唯一项目。这令人费解。
But what I intend to talk about is what the American people are interested in hearing: Our plans for putting people back to work; our plans for making sure our economy continues to innovate; our plans to make sure that, as I discussed yesterday, we’re training people for the jobs that are out there right now and making better use of our community colleges and linking them up with businesses; and how we’re going to continue to bring manufacturing back the way we have over the last several years; and how we’re going to put more money in the pockets of ordinary people. 但我打算谈的是美国人民想听的事：我们让人们重返工作岗位的计划；确保经济持续创新的计划；以及像我昨天谈到的，如何培训人们胜任现有岗位，更好地利用社区学院，让它们与企业衔接。我们还要谈如何延续过去几年的制造业回流势头，以及如何让普通人口袋里的钱更多。
So if they want to -- if Republicans want to spend all their time talking about repealing a law that’s working, that’s their business. I think what Democrats should do is not be defensive, but we need to move on and focus on other things that are really important to the American people right now. 所以，如果共和党人想把全部时间用来讨论废除一项正在发挥作用的法律，那是他们的事。我认为民主党人不应只顾防守；我们需要向前看，关注此刻对美国人民真正重要的其他事情。
David Jackson. 戴维·杰克逊。
Question: Yes, sir. Thank you. One reason the Republicans talk about it is there are people who object to the law who said they’ve had problems with the law, and there are a significant number of opponents of the law. I guess my question is, what makes you think a significant majority of the American people, of voters, will accept this law? Or are we destined to see health care as a 50/50, red state/blue state argument for years to come? 提问：是的，先生，谢谢您。共和党人谈论这项法律，一个原因是有人反对它，说自己因这项法律遇到了问题，而且反对者人数相当可观。我想问的是，为什么您认为美国人民和选民中相当大的多数会接受它？还是说，未来多年医疗保障都注定会成为五五开的红州与蓝州之争？
President Obama: I think you’re mixing up two things here, David. You said there are people who have seen problems with the law. That’s not 50 percent of the American people. There may have been folks who have been affected in ways that they weren’t happy about -- by the law. That is a far smaller number than the millions of people who’ve been signed up. That doesn’t mean we shouldn’t be concerned about it. That’s an area where, as I said to Tamara, we should be open to other ways that we can make it even better. So that’s objective facts and real problems out there. 奥巴马总统：戴维，我认为你把两件事混在了一起。你说有人因为这项法律遇到问题，但那不是美国人的50%。确实可能有人受到影响，而且对影响不满意；但他们的人数远少于已经投保的数百万人。这并不意味着我们不该关心他们。正如我对塔玛拉所说，在这一点上，我们应愿意考虑其他办法，让法律运作得更好。这些都是客观事实和真实问题。
The other side of it is just polling, right? What’s the general opinion of the law -- which is attached to general opinions about me or about Democrats and partisanship in the country generally? 另一面只是民意调查，对吧？人们对这项法律的总体看法是什么，而这种看法又与他们对我、对民主党、以及对全国党派政治的总体看法联系在一起。
My view is that the longer we see the law benefiting millions of people, the more we see accusations that the law is hurting millions of people being completely debunked -- as some of you in the press have done -- and the more the average American who already has health insurance sees that it’s actually not affecting them in an adverse way, then it becomes less of a political football -- which is where I want it to be. This shouldn’t be a political football. 我的看法是，随着我们看到这项法律惠及数百万人，关于它伤害数百万人的指控越来越被彻底驳倒——你们媒体中也有人做了这项核查——同时，已经有医疗保险的普通美国人越来越发现，它并没有给自己带来不利影响，那么它就会逐渐不再成为政治争夺的工具。这正是我希望看到的。它不应成为政治争夺的工具。
This should be something that we take for granted, that in this country you should be able to get affordable health care regardless of how wealthy you are. 我们应当把这件事视为理所当然：在这个国家，无论你有多少钱，都应该能够获得负担得起的医疗保障。
Now, the larger issue about whether we can move past the polarization and sort of the bitter political debates between Democrats and Republicans, of which Obamacare is just one small part, that’s going to take more time. But it’s not for lack of trying on my part. And I think that I speak for all Democrats in saying we would much prefer a constructive conversation with the Republicans about how do we get some stuff done, and let’s focus on some areas that the American people really care about. 至于我们能否走出两极分化，以及民主党与共和党之间尖锐的政治争论这个更大的问题，奥巴马医改只是其中很小的一部分；这还需要更多时间。但这绝不是因为我没有努力。我想我可以代表所有民主党人说，我们更希望与共和党人进行建设性对话，商量怎样办成一些事，并把重点放在美国人民真正关心的领域。
On jobs, we know that infrastructure would put people back to work right now and it would improve our economy for the long term. It didn't used to be a partisan issue. Why aren’t we coming up with a way to make sure that we’re rebuilding our roads and our bridges, and improving our air traffic control system? There’s no reason that has to be political. There really isn’t any ideological disagreement on that. 谈到就业，我们知道基础设施建设可以立刻让人们重返工作岗位，长远看也能改善经济。过去这并不是党派问题。为什么我们不能找到办法，重建道路和桥梁，改进空中交通管制系统？没有理由把这些事政治化；在这些问题上其实不存在意识形态分歧。
And I guarantee you after this winter, if you look at the potholes that are the size of canyons all across big chunks of the United States, that people would like to see an infrastructure bill. Let’s get it done. 我敢保证，经过这个冬天，只要看看美国大片地区那些大得像峡谷一样的坑洞，就知道人们希望看到一项基础设施法案。让我们把它办成。
Question: How long before health care ceases to become a political football, do you think? Are we talking years? Months? 提问：您认为医疗保障还要多久才不再是政治争夺的工具？我们谈的是几年，还是几个月？
President Obama: I think it’s hard to say. It’s interesting, I spoke at the LBJ Library the other day, and most of us weren’t around to pay real close attention to those debates, or they're pretty distant now in the past. Apparently it took several years before people realized, hey, Medicare actually works and it’s lifting a lot of seniors out of despair and poverty. 奥巴马总统：这很难说。有意思的是，前几天我在约翰逊总统图书馆讲话。我们大多数人当年还没出生，无法密切关注那些争论；如今它们也已是遥远往事。显然，人们过了好几年才意识到：嘿，联邦医疗保险确实有效，正帮助许多老年人摆脱绝望和贫困。
So we’ve been through this cycle before. It happens each and every time we make some strides in terms of strengthening our commitments to each other and we expand some of these social insurance programs. 所以我们以前经历过这一循环。每当我们加强彼此间的承诺，扩大这些社会保险计划时，都会发生这种事。
There’s a lot of fear-mongering and a lot of political argument and debate, and a lot of accusations are flung back and forth about socialized medicine and the end of freedom. And then it turns out that, you know what, it’s working for a lot of folks, and we still live in a free-market society and the Constitution is intact. And then we move on. And I don't know how long it’s going to take. But in the meantime, how about us focusing on some things that the American people really care about? 人们会散播大量恐惧，进行许多政治争辩，来回抛出“社会化医疗”和“自由终结”之类的指控。结果人们发现：这项制度确实在帮助许多人，而我们仍生活在自由市场社会，宪法也完好无损。然后大家就继续向前。我不知道这要花多久。但与此同时，我们何不把注意力放在美国人民真正关心的事情上？
Thank you, everybody. 谢谢大家。
