Hello, everybody! Hello, Ohio! Thank you very much, everybody. Thank you. Everybody, please relax. We're going to be here for a little bit. Everybody take a seat -- if you have a seat. It is great to see you -- can everybody please give Jody a big round of applause for the introduction. 大家好！你好，俄亥俄！非常感谢大家。谢谢。请大家放松，我们会在这里待上一会儿。大家请坐——如果有座位的话。很高兴见到大家——请大家为乔迪的介绍热烈鼓掌。
Everybody is a special guest, but we've got a few that I just want to mention. First of all, obviously you've got one of the finest governors in the country in Ted Strickland. Please give him a round of applause. My former colleague when he was in the Senate -- nobody fights harder for working people than Sherrod Brown. Give him a big round of applause. 每一位都是贵宾，但我想特别提到几位。首先，显然你们拥有全国最优秀的州长之一——泰德·斯特里克兰德。请为他鼓掌。还有我当年在参议院的前同事——没有人比谢罗德·布朗更为工人阶级奋力抗争。请为他热烈鼓掌。
We've got a dynamo pair of members of the House of Representatives, who are so committed to their districts and committed to this state -- Betty Sutton and Marcy Kaptur. I have been having just a wonderful time here in town, and your mayor has just been a really nice person. He and I shared a burger over at Smitty's. Give Bill Grace a big round of applause. 我们还有一对充满活力的众议员，他们对各自选区和这个州都尽心尽责——贝蒂·萨顿和玛西·卡普图尔。我在镇上过得非常愉快，你们的市长也确实是一位非常好的人。我和他在斯米蒂餐厅一起吃过汉堡。请为比尔·格雷斯热烈鼓掌。
And somebody who I'm hugely impressed with because I'm just so impressed with this institution, and his leadership obviously has been critical to it -- Dr. Ray Church, your school president here at Lorain County Community College. 还有一位令我十分敬佩的人——我也正是被这所学校所折服，而他的领导显然功不可没——雷·丘奇博士，洛雷恩县社区学院的校长。
Well, listen, it is great to be here in Elyria. Thank you so much for the great hospitality, the wonderful reception. Look, it's just nice being out of Washington, let me say. I mean, there are some nice people in Washington, but it can drive you crazy. Am I wrong, Sherrod? 好了，听我说，能来伊利里亚真是太好了。非常感谢你们的盛情款待和热情接待。说真的，能走出华盛顿真不错。我的意思是，华盛顿也有好人，但那里会让人发疯。我说得不对吗，谢罗德？
For two years, I had the privilege of traveling across this country, and I had a chance to talk to people like you, and go to diners and sit in barbershops, and hear directly about the challenges that all of you are facing in your lives, and the opportunities that you're taking advantage of, and all the things that we face together as a nation. And the single hardest thing -- people ask me this all the time -- the single hardest thing about being President is that it's harder for me to do that nowadays. It's harder to get out of the bubble. 过去两年里，我有幸走遍全国，有机会和像你们这样的人交谈，去小餐馆坐坐，去理发店里坐坐，直接聆听大家生活中面临的挑战、抓住的机遇，以及我们作为一个国家共同面对的种种问题。人们总问我——当总统最难的事情是什么？最难的就是如今我很难再做这些事了。很难走出那个"信息茧房"。
I mean, don't get me wrong, the White House is a wonderful place to work. You live above the store, which means I've got a very short commute. I'm having -- I see my daughters before they go to school and I see them at night for dinner, even if I have to go back down to the office. And that makes everything so much better. But the truth is, this job is a little confining, and that is frustrating. I can't just go to the barbershop or sit in a diner. I can't always visit people directly. 别误会我，白宫是个工作的好地方。你住在"店铺楼上"，意味着我的通勤非常短。我能在女儿们上学前见到她们，晚饭时也能见到她们，哪怕之后还得回办公室。这让一切美好许多。但说真的，这份工作确实有点束缚感，令人沮丧。我没法再去理发店或小餐馆坐坐，也没法经常亲自走访大家。
This is part of the reason why I've taken to the practice of reading 10 letters, out of the 40,000 that I get, every night just so that I can stay in touch and hear from you. But nothing beats a day where I can make an escape, I break out. And so I appreciate the chance to come here and spend a day. 这也是为什么我养成了每晚从收到的四万封信里挑出十封来读的习惯，就为了与大家保持联系、聆听你们的声音。但没有什么比我"逃离"一天更让我开心了，我冲出那个圈子。所以我很感谢有机会来这里度过一天。
Before I came here I visited the EMC Precision Machining plant. I saw the great clean energy job training program here at Lorain County Community College. And I'm obviously thrilled to be able to spend some time with you. 来这里之前，我参观了EMC精密机械厂。我也看到了洛雷恩县社区学院出色的清洁能源职业培训项目。当然，能和大家共度时光让我非常兴奋。
Audience: We love you! 听众：我们爱你！
Obama: I love you back. Thank you. 奥巴马：我也爱你们。谢谢。
Now, look, let's be honest. These are difficult and unsettling times. They're difficult times here in Elyria; they're tough in Ohio; they're tough all across the country. I walked into office a year ago in the middle of a raging economic storm that was wreaking devastation on your town and communities everywhere. We had to take some very difficult steps to deal with that mess, to stave off an even greater economic catastrophe. We had to stabilize the financial system, which, given the role of the big banks in creating this mess, was a pretty tough pill to swallow. 现在，坦率地说，这些都是艰难而令人不安的时刻。伊利里亚的日子不好过；俄亥俄的日子不好过；全国上下都不好过。一年前我上任时，正值一场猛烈的经济风暴肆虐，对你的城镇和各地的社区造成巨大破坏。我们不得不采取一些非常艰难的措施来应对那场烂摊子，避免更大的经济灾难。我们必须稳定金融系统——考虑到大银行在制造这场灾难中扮演的角色，这确实是一颗难以下咽的苦药。
I knew it would be unpopular -- and rightly so. But I also knew that we had to do it because if they went down, your local banks would have gone down. And if the financial system went down, it would have taken the entire economy and millions more families and businesses with it. We would have looked -- we would have been looking at a second Great Depression. 我知道这会不得人心——理应如此。但我也清楚我们必须这么做，因为如果它们倒了，你们本地的银行也会跟着倒。如果金融系统垮了，整个经济以及数百万家庭和企业都会随之陪葬。我们当时看到的——本会是一场第二次大萧条。
So in my first months in office, we also had to save two of the big three automakers from a liquidation bankruptcy, complete collapse. Some people weren't happy about that, either. I understand that. They felt like if you're in a business, you make a bad decision, you ought to reap the consequences, just like any business would. 因此，上任头几个月，我们还必须拯救三大汽车制造商中的两家，让它们免遭清算破产和彻底崩溃。有些人对此也不满。我能理解。他们觉得，做生意就要为自己错误的决策承担后果，跟其他任何生意一样。
The problem was, if we let GM and Chrysler simply go under, hundreds of thousands of Americans would have been hurt, not just at those companies themselves, but at auto suppliers and other companies and dealers here in Michigan, up in -- here in Ohio, up in Michigan, all across this country. 问题在于，如果我们任由通用和克莱斯勒直接倒闭，数十万美国人会受到伤害，不仅在那两家公司本身，还波及零部件供应商、其他公司以及经销商——在这里密歇根，哦不，这里是俄亥俄，北边密歇根，以及全国各地。
So we said, if you're willing to take some tough and painful steps to make yourself more competitive, we're willing to invest in your future. And earlier this week, we heard that the auto industry planned to make almost 3 million cars and trucks here in North America in the next three months, which is up 69 percent from the first three months of last year. 因此我们说，如果你愿意采取一些艰难痛苦的措施让自己更有竞争力，我们就愿意投资你们的未来。本周早些时候我们听说，汽车行业计划在未来三个月于北美生产近300万辆汽车和卡车，比去年前三个月增长了69%。
We also passed a Recovery Act to pull our economy back from the brink. Now, there's been a lot of misunderstanding about this Recovery Act. Sherrod and Marcy and Betty and I were talking about this on the way over here. If you ask the average person, what was the Recovery Act, the stimulus package, they'd say, "the bank bailout." So let me just be clear here: The Recovery Act was cutting taxes for 95 percent of working families -- 15 different tax cuts for working families, seven different tax cuts for small businesses so they can start up and grow and hire. 我们还通过了《复苏法案》把经济从悬崖边拉回来。如今对这个法案有很多误解。来这儿的路上，谢罗德、玛西、贝蒂和我还在讨论。如果你问普通人，《复苏法案》——也就是刺激方案——是什么，他们会说"银行救助"。所以让我把话说明白：《复苏法案》是为95%的工薪家庭减税——15项针对工薪家庭的减税，7项针对小企业的减税，让它们能开业、成长、招聘。
The Recovery Act was extending and increasing unemployment insurance and making COBRA available at a cheaper rate for people who had lost their jobs so they could keep their health care. 《复苏法案》是延长并提高失业保险，并以更低价格为失业者提供COBRA，让他们能保住医疗保险。
We gave aid directly to states to help them through tough times. Ted can testify the help that it provided to the Ohio budget so we wouldn't have to lay off teachers and firefighters and police officers all across this state. And we made the largest investment in infrastructure since the creation of the Interstate Highway System, putting Americans to work rebuilding our roads, bridges, waterways -- doing the work that America needs to be done. 我们直接向各州提供援助，帮助它们渡过难关。泰德可以作证，这对俄亥俄的预算有多大帮助，使我们不必在全州解雇教师、消防员和警察。我们还进行了自州际公路系统建立以来最大规模的基础设施投资，让美国人重新就业，重建我们的道路、桥梁、水道——做美国需要做的事。
Now, today, because we took those actions, the worst of this economic storm has passed. But families like yours and communities like this one are still reeling from the devastation it left in its wake. At one of the companies, at EMC, where I went today -- wonderful company, passed on through generations -- they have hung on with their precision manufacturing, high value added. They can do things that can't be shipped off to China because they're so attuned to their customers' needs. 今天，由于我们采取了这些行动，这场经济风暴最坏的时期已经过去。但像你们这样的家庭、像这样的社区，仍在风暴留下的创伤中挣扎。我今天去的EMC公司——一家很棒的公司，世代传承——凭借精密制造和高附加值挺了过来。他们能做出那些没法外包到中国去的东西，因为他们对客户需求了如指掌。
But they had 77 employees; now they've got 44. They want to start hiring back, but it's going to take a little time. The good news is they're starting to see orders pick up just a little bit. 但他们原有77名员工，如今只剩44人。他们想重新招人，但需要一点时间。好消息是订单开始略微回升了。
But it's tough. Folks have seen jobs you thought would last forever disappear. You've seen plants close and businesses shut down. I've heard about how the city government here is starting to cut into bone, not just fat. You can't get to work or go buy groceries like you used to because of cuts in the county transit system. 但日子还是难过。大家看到那些本以为能干一辈子的工作消失了。你们看到工厂关闭、企业停业。我听说这里的市政府已经开始"伤筋动骨"，不再只是削减"脂肪"。由于县公交系统的削减，你们没法像过去那样通勤上班或去买菜。
And this all comes after one of the toughest decades our middle class has faced in generations. I mean, think about what's happened over the last 10 years, even before the crisis hit. This is a decade where some folks made tons of money, but so many others were just pedaling faster and faster, but they were stuck in the same place, sometimes slipping behind. The average wage, the average income over the last decade actually flat-lined; in some cases went down. That was before the crisis. 这一切发生在中产阶级几十年来面临的最艰难的十年之后。想想过去十年发生了什么——甚至在危机爆发之前。这是某些人赚得盆满钵满的十年，但那么多其他人却只能越踩越快，却仍原地踏步，有时甚至倒退。过去十年里平均工资、平均收入实际上停滞不前，有些情况下还下降了。这还是危机之前的事。
So, for many of you, even as you found your paychecks shrinking, even as after the crisis you found the value of your biggest asset, your home, falling, the cost of everything else has gone up: the cost of groceries, the cost of sending your kids to college, costs of retirement. And you've also faced the breakneck, unrelenting climb of costs for your health care needs. 因此，对你们中的许多人来说，即使支票在缩水，即使危机后你们最大资产——房子——的价值在下跌，其他一切的成本却在上涨：食品杂货、送孩子上大学的费用、退休的成本。你们还要面对医疗费用以令人窒息的速度不断攀升。
Now, here's the message I want you to take away -- and we're going to have a lot of time for questions, but I want to make this absolutely clear. I did not run for President to turn away from these challenges. I didn't run to kick these challenges down the road. I ran for President to confront them -- once and for all. 现在，我希望大家带走的信息是——我们会有很多时间回答问题，但我想把这点说得清清楚楚。我竞选总统不是为了回避这些挑战。我不是为了把这些挑战踢给未来。我竞选总统是为了直面它们——一劳永逸地解决。
I ran for this office to rebuild our economy so it works not just for the fortunate few, but for everybody who's willing to work hard in this country to create good jobs that can support a family; to get wages growing and incomes rising; to improve the quality of America's schools and lift up great community colleges like this one so that people are constantly learning, constantly retraining for the jobs of the 21st century; 我竞选这个职位，是为了重塑我们的经济，让它不仅为少数幸运者服务，也为这个国家每一位愿意辛勤工作的人服务，创造能养家糊口的好工作；让工资增长、收入提高；改善美国学校质量，扶持像这样优秀的社区学院，让人们不断学习、不断为21世纪的工作接受再培训；
to make higher education affordable for the children of working families -- and, yes, to deal with the problem of runaway health insurance costs that are breaking family budgets and breaking business budgets and breaking our national budgets. 让工薪家庭的孩子上得起大学——并且，是的，去解决失控的医疗保险成本问题，它正在压垮家庭预算、企业预算和国家预算。
Now, since this has been in the news a little bit this week, let me say a little something about health care. I had no illusions when I took this on that this was going to be hard. Seven Presidents had tried it, seven Congresses had tried it -- and all of them had failed. 既然本周这件事在新闻里被反复提及，让我就医保说几句。我接手这件事时毫无幻想，知道这会很难。七位总统尝试过，七届国会尝试过——他们都失败了。
And I had a whole bunch of political advisors telling me this may not be the smartest thing to do. "You've got a lot on your plate: the biggest economic crisis since the Great Depression; two wars. You may not get a lot of cooperation. you're going to have a lot of pushback from the insurance companies and the drug companies. It's complicated. Don't do it." 我有一大堆政治顾问告诉我这可能不是最明智之举。"你手头已经够多了：自大萧条以来最严重的经济危机；两场战争。你可能得不到太多配合，你会遭到保险公司和制药公司的强烈反对。这事太复杂，别碰。"
Now, let me tell you why I did it. I knew that insurance premiums had more than doubled in the past decade. I knew that out-of-pocket expenses had skyrocketed. I knew that millions more people had lost their insurance, and I knew that because of that economic crisis that was only going to get worse. When you lose 7 million jobs, like we lost over the last two years, what do you think happens to those folks' health insurance? What happens when their COBRA runs out? 那么让我告诉你们我为什么要做。我知道过去十年里保险费翻了一番还多。我知道自付费用暴涨。我知道又有数百万人失去了保险，而由于那场经济危机，情况只会更糟。当我们像过去两年那样失去700万份工作时，你们觉得这些人的医保会怎样？他们的COBRA到期后又怎么办？
I took this up because I wanted to ease the burdens on all the families and small businesses that can't afford to pay outrageous rates. And I wanted to protect mothers and fathers and children by being targeted by some of the worst practices of the insurance industry that I had heard time and time again as I traveled through this country. 我接手这件事，是因为我想减轻所有那些付不起天价保费的家庭和小企业的负担。我也想保护那些被保险业最恶劣手段盯上的父母和孩子——这些事我在走遍全国的旅途中一次又一次听到。
Now, let me dispel this notion that somehow we were focused on that, and so, as a consequence, not focused on the economy. First of all, all I think about is how we're going to create jobs in this area. All I think about is how do we get banks lending again. I've been doing that the entire year. So have folks like Sherrod and Marcy and Betty. But what I also know is, is that health care is part of the drag on our economy. It's part of the eroding security that middle-class families feel. 让我打消一种想法，似乎我们只顾医保，因此就忽视了经济。首先，我满脑子想的就是如何在这个地区创造就业。我想的就是如何让银行重新放贷。这一整年我都在做这件事。谢罗德、玛西、贝蒂等人也是如此。但我也清楚，医保是我国经济的拖累之一，也是中产阶级安全感流失的一部分。
So here's the good news: We've gotten pretty far down the road. But I've got to admit, we had a little bit of a buzz saw this week. 好消息是：我们已经走了很远。但我得承认，本周我们碰到了一点"电锯"。
Now, I also know that part of the reason is, is that this process was so long and so drawn out -- this is just what happens in Congress. I mean, it's just an ugly process. You're running headlong into special interests, and armies of lobbyists, and partisan politics that's aimed at exploiting fears instead of getting things done. And then you've got ads that are scaring the bejesus out of everybody. And the longer it take, the uglier it looks. 我也知道，部分原因在于这个过程太漫长、太拖沓——国会就是这样。这是个难看的过程。你一头撞上特殊利益集团、说客大军，以及旨在利用恐惧而非解决问题的党派政治。然后还有那些把所有人都吓坏的广告。拖得越久，看起来越难看。
So I understand why people would say, boy, this is -- I'm not so sure about this -- even though they know that what they got isn't working. And I understand why, after the Massachusetts election, people in Washington were all in a tizzy, trying to figure out what this means for health reform, Republicans and Democrats; what does it mean for Obama? Is he weakened? Is he -- oh, how's he going to survive this? That's what they do. 所以我理解人们为什么会说，天哪，这事——我不太确定——尽管他们心里清楚现状行不通。我也理解为什么马萨诸塞州选举之后，华盛顿的人都慌了，民主党共和党都在琢磨这对医改意味着什么；对奥巴马意味着什么？他是不是被削弱了？他——哦，他要怎么挺过去？他们就是干这个的。
But I want you -- I want you to understand, this is not about me. This is not about me. This is about you. This is not about me; this is about you. I didn't take this up to boost my poll numbers. You know the way to boost your poll numbers is not do anything. That's how you do it. You don't offend anybody. I'd have real high poll numbers. All of Washington would be saying, "What a genius!" 但我要你们——我要你们明白，这跟我无关。这跟我无关。这关乎你们。这不是关于我；这是关于你们。我接手这件事不是为了拉高我的民调数字。要知道拉高民调数字的办法就是什么都不做。就是这样。谁都不得罪。那我就会有超高的民调数字。整个华盛顿都会说："真是个天才！"
I didn't take this on to score political points. I know there are some folks who think if Obama loses, we win. But you know what? I think that I win when you win. That's how I think about it. 我接手这件事不是为了捞政治分。我知道有些人觉得如果奥巴马输了，我们就赢了。但你知道吗？我认为你们赢的时候我才赢。我是这么想的。
So if I was trying to take the path of least resistance, I would have done something a lot easier. But I'm trying to solve the problems that folks here in Ohio and across this country face every day. And I'm not going to walk away just because it's hard. We are going to keep on working to get this done -- with Democrats, I hope with Republicans -- anybody who's willing to step up. 如果我想走阻力最小的路，我会选一件容易得多的事。但我想解决俄亥俄和全国人民每天面对的问题。我不会因为困难就退缩。我们会继续推进这件事——和民主党一起，也希望和共和党一起——任何愿意站出来的人。
Because I'm not going to watch more people get crushed by costs or denied care they need by insurance company bureaucrats. I'm not going to have insurance companies click their heels and watch their stocks skyrocket because once again there's no control on what they do. 因为我不会眼睁睁看着更多人被费用压垮，或被保险公司的官僚拒绝所需的治疗。我不会让保险公司趾高气扬地看着自己的股价飙升，因为又一次没人约束他们的所作所为。
So long as I have some breath in me, so long as I have the privilege of serving as your President, I will not stop fighting for you. I will take my lumps, but I won't stop fighting to bring back jobs here. I won't stop fighting for an economy where hard work is rewarded. I won't stop fighting to make sure there's accountability in our financial system. I'm not going to stop fighting until we have jobs for everybody. 只要我还有一口气，只要我还有幸担任你们的总统，我就不会停止为你们奋斗。我会挨骂，但我不会停止为把工作带回这里而奋斗。我不会停止为一个让辛勤工作得到回报的经济而奋斗。我不会停止为确保我们的金融体系承担责任而奋斗。我不会停止奋斗，直到每个人都有工作。
That's why I'm calling on Congress to pass a jobs bill to put more Americans to work building off our Recovery Act; put more Americans back to work rebuilding roads and railways; provide tax breaks to small businesses for hiring people; offer families incentives to make their homes more energy-efficient, saving them money while creating jobs. 这也是为什么我呼吁国会通过一项就业法案，让更多美国人基于《复苏法案》重返工作岗位；让更多美国人重建道路和铁路；为小企业招聘提供税收减免；为家庭提供激励措施改造住房提高能效，既省钱又创造就业。
That's why we enacted initiatives that are beginning to give rise to a clean energy economy. That's part of what's going on in this community college. If we hadn't done anything with the Recovery Act, talk to the people who are building wind turbines and solar panels. They would have told you their industry was about to collapse because credit had completely frozen. 这也是为什么我们推出了那些正在催生清洁能源经济的举措。这就是这所社区学院正在发生的一部分。如果我们没有通过《复苏法案》，去问问那些制造风力涡轮机和太阳能板的人。他们会告诉你，他们的行业本要因为信贷完全冻结而崩溃。
And now you're seeing all across Ohio some of the -- this state has received more funds than just about anybody in order to build on that clean energy economy -- new cutting-edge wind turbines and batteries that are going to be going into energy-efficient cars. 如今你在俄亥俄各地都能看到——这个州拿到的资金几乎比谁都多，用于建设清洁能源经济——新型的尖端风力涡轮机和将用于节能汽车的电池。
Almost $25 million of our investment went to a plant right here in Elyria that's helping produce the car batteries of the future. That's what we're going to keep on doing for the rest of 2010 and 2011 and 2012, until we've got this country working again. 我们有近2500万美元的投资投给了伊利里亚本地一家工厂，帮助生产未来的汽车电池。这就是我们在2010年余下时间以及2011年、2012年会继续做的事，直到这个国家重新运转起来。
So long as I'm President, I'll never stop fighting for policies that will help restore home values, to redeem the investment that folks have made. We've seen some of those values return in some places, in some pockets, but it's still tough out there. We're going to have to do more this year to make sure that banks are responsive to folks who are working hard, have been paying their mortgage, but have found themselves in a tough situation. 只要我还是总统，我绝不会停止为那些有助于恢复房屋价值、回报人们投资的政策而奋斗。我们已经看到一些地方、一些 pockets 房价有所回升，但外面仍很艰难。今年我们还要做更多工作，确保银行对那些辛勤工作、按时还贷、却陷入困境的人给予回应。
I'm not going to stop fighting to give our kids the best education possible to take the tens of billions of dollars we pay banks to act as middlemen on student loans and invest that money in students who actually need it. We don't need the middlemen -- cut them out. 我不会停止奋斗，要给我们的孩子最好的教育——把咱们付给银行当作学生贷款中间人的数百亿美元，投到真正需要它的学生身上。我们不需要中间人——把他们砍掉。
I won't stop fighting to give every American a fair shake. That's why the very first bill I signed into law was the Lilly Ledbetter Act to uphold the principle of equal pay for equal work for men and women alike, especially when families need two paychecks to survive. 我不会停止为每个美国人争取公平机会而奋斗。这就是为什么我签署的第一项法案是《莉莉·莱德贝特法案》，捍卫男女同工同酬的原则，尤其是在家庭需要两份收入才能维持生计的时候。
So long as I'm President, I won't stop fighting to protect you from the kinds of deceptive practices we've seen from some in the financial sector. That's why I signed a Credit Card Bill of Rights into law, to protect you from surprise charges and retroactive rate hikes and other unfair rules. That's why I'm fighting for a tough consumer financial protection agency to protect you against those hidden overdraft fees that can make a single ATM withdrawal cost 30 bucks. That happened to you, didn't it? 只要我还是总统，我就不会停止为保护你们免受金融业某些欺骗性做法而奋斗。这也是为什么我签署了《信用卡权利法案》，保护你们免受突袭式收费、追溯性加息和其他不公平条款之害。这也是为什么我在为一个强硬的消费者金融保护机构而奋斗，保护你们免受那些隐藏的透支费用之害——这些费用能让一次ATM取款花掉你30美元。这种事也发生在你身上了，对吧？
I won't stop fighting to open up government. Now, this is hard to do because we don't control every branch. But I can tell you we have put in place the toughest ethics laws and toughest transparency rules of any Administration in history. In history. 我不会停止为政府透明化而奋斗。这件事很难，因为我们并不掌控每一个分支。但我可以告诉你，我们建立了历史上任何一届政府中最严格的伦理法和透明度规则。史上最严。
By the way, this is the first Administration since the founding of the country where all of you can find out who visits the White House. First time in history. And that's just one example of how we're trying to constantly open the process. 顺便说一句，这是建国以来第一届大家都能查到谁访问过白宫的政府。史上第一次。这只是我们不断开放流程的一个例子。
And so long as I'm President, I won't stop fighting to cut waste and abuse in Washington -- to eliminate what we don't need, to pay for what we do; to rein in exploding deficits that we've been accumulating not just last year but for the last 10. 只要我还是总统，我就不会停止为削减华盛顿的浪费和滥用而奋斗——砍掉我们不需要的，为我们需要的买单；控制不仅去年而是过去十年累积起来的爆炸性赤字。
And I'm going to keep on fighting for real, meaningful health insurance reform. We expanded the Children's Health Insurance Program to include four million kids -- we already did that. But we are also going to fight to hold the insurance industry accountable, to bring more stability and security to folks who are in our health care system. And, yes, I want to make sure that people who don't have health care right now can get some. It's shameful that we don't do that. 我也会继续为真正有意义的医疗保险改革而奋斗。我们已经把儿童医疗保险计划扩大到覆盖400万孩子——这事已经做了。但我们也会继续为追究保险业的责任而奋斗，为身处我们医保体系中的人们带来更多稳定和保障。而且，是的，我想确保现在没有医保的人能够获得医保。我们不去做这件事是可耻的。
Now, these are some of the fights we've already had, and I can promise you there will be more fights ahead. I'm not going to win every round. We're having a fight right now because I want to charge Wall Street a modest fee to repay taxpayers in full for saving their skins in a time of need. We want our money back. We want our money back. And we're going to get your money back, every dime -- each and every dime. 这些是我们已经经历的一些战斗，我可以向你们保证，未来还会有更多战斗。我不会赢下每一回合。我们现在就在打一仗——我想向华尔街收取一笔适度费用，让它们把纳税人救它们的钱全额偿还。我们要把我们的钱要回来。我们要把钱要回来。我们会把你们的钱拿回来，每一分——每一角。
But it's going to be a fight. You watch. I guarantee you when we start on financial regulatory reform, trying to change the rules to prevent what has caused so much heartache all across the country, there are people who are going to say, "Why is he meddling in government?" "Why is meddling in the financial industry?" "It's another example of Obama being big government." 但这会是一场战斗。你们看着。我保证，当我们开始金融监管改革、试图改变规则以防止全国上下那么多痛苦的根源时，会有人说"他为什么要干涉政府？""为什么要干涉金融业？""这是奥巴马大政府的又一个例子。"
No, I just want to have some rules in place so that when these guys make dumb decisions, you don't end up having to foot the bill. That's pretty straightforward. I don't mind having that fight. 不，我只是想立一些规矩，让这些家伙做蠢事时不必由你们来买单。这很直白。我不介意打这一仗。
You know, I said at the beginning how much it means to me to be able to travel this country, and how much it means for me to be here. And that is true now more than ever, because there's no doubt that it's easy to get a pretty warped view of things in Washington. 你们知道，我开场就说过，能走遍这个国家、能来到这里对我意味着多少。如今这份感受比以往更甚，因为毫无疑问，在华盛顿很容易对事情产生一种扭曲的看法。
But then you start talking to the guys working on those machines, creating products all across the country, you go into the diner and you meet folks who are raising their kids and working hard and trying to keep things together, and I'm reminded of the strength and the resilience and the perseverance of the American people. I'm reminded of the fundamental character of the Americans that I'm so privileged to serve. 但当你开始和那些操作机器、在全国各地创造产品的人交谈，你走进小餐馆，遇到那些一边养育孩子、一边辛勤工作、努力撑起家的人，我就会被美国人民的力量、韧性和坚毅所打动。我会想起我所荣幸服务的美国人的根本品格。
It's that character that has borne our nation through the roughest of seas, a lot rougher than the ones we're going through right now. That's the character that will carry us through this storm to better days ahead. I am confident of that, because of you. And I'm very grateful for all of you taking the time to be here today. 正是这种品格引领我们的国家穿越过比我们如今正经历的更汹涌的海洋。正是这种品格将带我们穿过这场风暴，走向前方更美好的日子。我有这个信心，因为你们。我非常感谢大家今天抽出时间来到这里。
Thank you. Thank you, everybody. Thank you. Thank you. 谢谢。谢谢大家。谢谢。谢谢。
All right, this young lady right back here. Yes, you. There should be a microphone -- wait till the mic comes so everybody can hear you. Oh, I'm sorry -- that's okay, I'll call on you next. Well, one of you ask your question. 好，后面那位年轻女士。对，就是你。应该有麦克风——等麦克风递过去，好让所有人都能听到。哦，抱歉——没关系，下一个就叫你。好了，谁来问问题。
Question: Thank you, Mr. President. It's an honor to be here with you today. I work here in LCCC's financial services office. I am proud to be part of finding pathways for students who attend college. I feel that a college education is a lifeline to the future of our citizens. We greatly appreciate the increase in the Pell Grant, which allowed our neediest students to access a college education. It increased buying power as college costs continue to rise. 提问：谢谢您，总统先生。今天能来见您真是荣幸。我在LCCC的财务资助办公室工作。我很自豪能为上大学的学生寻找出路。我觉得大学教育是我们公民未来的一条生命线。我们非常感谢佩尔助学金的增加，让我们最困难的学生能够接受大学教育。随着大学费用持续上涨，它提升了购买力。
My question to you is, will your Administration support continued increases to the Pell Grant so that our neediest students have access to higher education? 我的问题是，您的政府是否会继续支持增加佩尔助学金，让我们最困难的学生有机会接受高等教育？
President Obama: The answer is yes. I want everybody to understand, we made -- and this was the help -- with the help of the members of Congress who are here -- made an enormous investment in higher education, making sure that young people could afford to go to great institutions like this. So we significantly increased the level of each Pell Grant, and we also put more money so that we could have more Pell Grants. 奥巴马总统：答案是肯定的。我想让大家都明白，我们——在座的几位国会议员的帮助下——对高等教育做出了巨大投资，确保年轻人上得起像这样优秀的学校。所以我们既显著提高了每笔佩尔助学金的金额，也投入了更多资金，让更多人能拿到佩尔助学金。
Now, we want to continue to do this. I mentioned during my formal remarks the fact that a lot of banks and financial institutions are still serving as middlemen in the financial aid process, and they take out several billions dollars' worth of profits from that. It turns out that actually it can be administered in such a way where these loans go directly to the students. And if you do that, then you're saving several billion dollars that can then be put back into the system. We want to get that finalized; we want to get that done. That will be an enormous boost. 我们希望继续推进这件事。我在正式发言中提到，许多银行和金融机构仍在助学金流程中充当中间人，并从中赚取数十亿利润。事实证明，这些贷款完全可以直接发放给学生。这样就能节省数十亿美元，再投入回这个体系。我们希望把这件事敲定；我们希望把它办成。这将是一个巨大的推动。
Now, one thing I have to say, though. Even as we put more money into the Student Loan Program, we are also trying to reach out to university presidents and administrators to figure out how can we reduce the inflation in higher education -- because the fact is, is that the only thing that has gone up faster in cost than health care is -- guess what. Higher education. 不过有一点我必须说。即使我们把更多钱投入学生贷款计划，我们也在积极联系大学校长和管理者，研究如何遏制高等教育费用的上涨——因为事实是，唯一涨得比医疗还快的就是——你猜怎么着——高等教育。
And the problem is, if we're not thinking about ways to curve the inflation, then even if we put more money in, what that money is buying becomes less and less. And so trying to find creative ways for universities to do more with less is going to be important. 问题在于，如果我们不想办法抑制通胀，那么即使投更多钱，这些钱能买到的东西也会越来越少。因此，找到创新方式让大学"用更少做更多"将非常重要。
Now, in fairness to universities and colleges, part of the reason they've been having to jack up their costs is they used to get more support from the state. State budgets got into a hole, and then it became harder, and so they had to make it up on the tuition side. Nevertheless, what is also true, though, is just their general costs of operating have gone up in ways that I think we can improve. So we're going to be working on that as well. 当然，对大学和学院也要公平地说，他们之所以不得不涨价，部分原因是过去能从州里拿到更多支持。州预算陷入困境后就变难了，他们只能在学费这边弥补。不过同样属实的是，他们一般的运营成本也以上我认为可以改善的方式上涨。所以这也会是我们工作的方向。
All right? Okay, I've got to call a gentleman, then I got to go back to you because you thought that I called you and I feel bad. 好吗？好，我得叫一位先生，然后回到你那边，因为你觉得我叫的是你，我过意不去。
All right. This gentleman right here in the tie. Yes, you look sharp. 好。这位打领带的先生。对，你看着很精神。
Question: Mr. President, thank you. It's an honor to stand before you. Thank you. Earlier in your message, you mentioned our transit system. Obviously we do need help and we're in dire need to have some assistance there. But what I didn't hear in anything is your interest in our steel mill. That's a big part of our community and we desperately need help there as well. We just wondered where Washington's stance is on our steel mill. Thank you. 提问：总统先生，谢谢您。能站在您面前是莫大的荣幸。谢谢。您刚才在讲话里提到了我们的公交系统。显然我们确实需要帮助，急需一些援助。但我在您的话里没听到的是对我们钢铁厂的关注。那也是我们社区很大的一部分，我们也迫切需要帮助。我们只想知道华盛顿对我们钢铁厂持什么立场。谢谢。
President Obama: Well, I was talking to your mayor about this. Obviously he's a big advocate for manufacturing in the region. I do not have all the details in terms of what's happening at the steel mill at this moment. But what we've done is we've set up an office in the White House just focused on manufacturing -- because it's my view that America's got to make things. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我和你们市长谈过这件事。显然他是本地区制造业的积极倡导者。关于钢铁厂目前的具体情况，我并不掌握所有细节。但我们已经在白宫设立了一个专门关注制造业的办公室——因为我认为美国必须自己制造东西。
Now, we're not going to make -- I want to be honest. Not all the manufacturing jobs that have gone are going to come back. And if people tell you they are, that's just not true -- because a lot of that has moved to places where the wages are just much lower. And I know that some people say, well, then we should just set up tariffs so that folks can't ship them in. But these days the economy, the global economy is so interconnected that that's just not a practical solution. 我们要说实话。不是所有流失的制造业工作都会回来。如果有人这么告诉你，那不是真的——因为很多工作已经迁到工资低得多的地方。我知道有些人说，那我们就设关税，让人家没法把东西运进来。但如今全球经济如此紧密相连，这并不是一个现实的解决方案。
The solution is to find -- and I don't Know the details of the steel mill here -- but I know that the ones that have been successful, they do what EMC is doing as well, which is you find what's the high-end market. What's the market that involves a lot of technology, specialization, highly trained workers, quick turnarounds to spec so that the customers really feel like they're getting something special and different -- that's how you compete, because that's something that a steel mill in China or in Brazil can't do. They can't compete with you being on the spot working closely with customers. 解决之道在于寻找——我并不清楚本地钢铁厂的具体情况——但我知道那些成功的钢厂，做的正是EMC做的事：找到高端市场在哪里。找到那种需要大量技术、专业化、训练有素的工人、按规格快速交付的市场，让客户真正觉得自己得到了特别而与众不同的东西——这才是你竞争的方式，因为这是中国或巴西的钢厂做不到的。他们没法和你"在场、与客户紧密配合"竞争。
So finding ways to develop specialty steels and so forth, that's going to be the key. Our manufacturing office will be working with folks here in town to see what we can do. 所以开发特种钢等等，将是关键。我们的制造业办公室会和本地的人合作，看看我们能做什么。
All right? Thank you. All right, back to this young lady here. 好吗？谢谢。好，回到这位年轻女士这边。
Question: First I want to start by saying that I am very grateful to be here to meet you in person. I absolutely support you and back you. I feel like Rome wasn't built in a day, and I know that everybody is really impatient, but I know that with time things can be turned around. And I believe that your intentions are really honorable in that. 提问：首先我想说的是，非常感激能来这里亲眼见到您。我绝对支持您、站在您这边。我觉得罗马不是一天建成的，我知道大家都很急躁，但我知道假以时日事情会好转。我相信您的初衷是真正高尚的。
President Obama: I appreciate it. 奥巴马总统：我很感谢。
Question: I am a single mother of three, and I have two quick issues that are very important to me -- one being that I have a three-year-old, who has just turned three, who got lead poisoning last year and almost died. And I called everyone, including the EPA of Ohio, and I cannot seem to get any response to this. 提问：我是一位单亲妈妈，有三个孩子，我有两个非常重要的问题——其一是我有一个三岁的孩子，刚满三岁，去年铅中毒差点死了。我给所有人都打过电话，包括俄亥俄的EPA，但似乎得不到任何回应。
President Obama: Well, guess what. I guarantee you that somebody from the EPA is going to call you in about -- in about five minutes. Before you sit down, there's going to be a phone call from the EPA. 奥巴马总统：嗯，你猜怎么着。我保证EPA的人会在大约——五分钟内给你打电话。在你坐下之前，EPA就会来电话。
All joking aside -- and I know you have a second question, but I just want to focus on this -- lead poisoning, a lot of it from lead paint, from older homes all across the country and all across the Midwest is something that we have to be more aggressive on. This is something that I worked on when I was a U.S. senator, when I was a state senator. I'm working on it as President, and I will find out directly from them how they can help not only with your particular situation but what we're doing in this area in terms of lead abatement. 不开玩笑——我知道你还有第二个问题，但我只想聚焦这件事——铅中毒，很多来自铅漆，来自全国以及中西部各地的老旧房屋，这件事我们必须更积极地应对。这是我在担任联邦参议员和州参议员时就在做的事。我当总统也仍在做，我会直接向他们了解，他们能如何不仅帮助你个人情况，还能在这一带做哪些除铅工作。
Question: Okay. 提问：好的。
President Obama: Okay? 奥巴马总统：好吗？
Question: The second thing that I wanted to address to you is the unfair labor laws that they seem to have in some of these industries as far as discrimination and different issues of that nature that don't seem to get addressed from the bigger companies. I have actually worked for Ford -- I'm a full-time student now here at LC, gratefully -- and even when I was working there and I have -- my whole family has actually come up through Ford -- 提问：我想向您反映的第二件事，是某些行业里似乎存在的不公平劳动法——涉及歧视以及诸如此类的问题，似乎大公司从不被追究。我其实在福特工作过——现在我是LC的全职学生，心存感激——即便我之前在那里工作时，我——我全家其实都是通过福特成长起来的——
and there's a lot of very unjust situations that come about, but no attorneys will deal with it, no one will talk about it, and it's always pushed under the rug. 出现过许多非常不公的情况，但没有律师愿意接，没人愿意谈，永远被压到地毯下面去。
And I -- I do owe my -- what I have now to Ford because it was what was bread and butter for my family. But at the same time, it's not fair that even at this point my mother still can't retire, she has to continue to suffer. 而我现在拥有的一切都要归功于福特，因为它是我家的饭碗。但与此同时，这不公平——即便到现在，我母亲仍无法退休，她还得继续受苦。
President Obama: Well, look, let me just say generally, one of the things that my Administration has been able to do over the last year that does not cost money is just enforcing laws that are on the books a little more aggressively, making sure -- I mentioned earlier equal pay for equal work. 奥巴马总统：嗯，听我说，笼统地讲，我的政府过去一年能做到的一件不花钱的事，就是更积极地执行现行法律——我前面提到了同工同酬。
We are so past the point where it should be debatable that women get paid the same as men for doing the same job. And it is something that -- especially because there was a -- it was just released I think last week showing that increasingly the wives are making more than the husbands in some circumstances. And whoever is making more, you've got to have two paychecks. 女性和男性做同样的工作却拿同样的报酬，这一点早不该再有争议。尤其是——上周刚发布的一项数据显示，越来越多情况下妻子的收入超过了丈夫。不管谁赚得多，你都需要两份收入。
So this is not just a "feminist issue" -- you know, sometimes guys say, well, why do I -- why should I care about it? Well, let me tell you something. If your wife is getting paid fairly, that means your family is getting paid fairly. And I want my daughters to be treated the same way as your sons. That's something we shouldn't be arguing about anymore. 所以这不仅仅是"女性议题"——有时男人会说，哎，我为什么要关心？让我告诉你，如果你的妻子得到公平报酬，那意味着你的家庭得到了公平报酬。我希望我的女儿们能像你们的儿子一样被对待。这件事我们不该再争论了。
All right, gentleman right back here. Yes, it's a guy's turn. Yes, sir. 好，后面那位先生。是的，轮到男士了。请讲。
Question: I'm an inventor, and I hold U.S. patent number 7,397,731. 提问：我是个发明家，我持有美国专利号7,397,731。
President Obama: Okay. 奥巴马总统：好。
Question: And before I ask my question I'd like to make a sales pitch. If you can use my patent in your next election, I think you can raise a ton of money worldwide. You should take a look at it. 提问：在提问之前，我想先做个推销。如果您能在下次竞选中用我的专利，我觉得您能在全球筹到一大笔钱。您应该看一看。
President Obama: All right, we'll take a look. All right. 奥巴马总统：好，我们会看看。好的。
Question: If you can't use it, the government could use it, and I could build a multibillion-dollar business here in Ohio. 提问：如果您用不上，政府也能用，我能在俄亥俄建一个数十亿美元的企业。
President Obama: All right, we'll take a look at your patent. Go ahead, what's your question? 奥巴马总统：好，我们会看看您的专利。请继续，您的问题是什么？
Question: Yes, okay, it has to do with international patent rights. With all this free trade and trade barriers falling, it's really hard for an individual like me with a global-scope patent to file all over the world and get patent protection everywhere, and having to go overseas to fight infringement. So if you're going to drop trade barriers, maybe you can extend my patent rights to the foreign countries. 提问：好的，是关于国际专利权的。随着自由贸易和贸易壁垒的消除，对我这样持有全球范围专利的个人来说，要在全世界都申请并得到专利保护非常困难，还要跑到海外去打侵权官司。所以如果您要降低贸易壁垒，也许可以把我的专利权延伸到外国去。
President Obama: Well, this is a great question, and this is a huge problem. Look, our competitive advantage in the world is going to be people like this who are using their minds to create new products, new services. But that only helps us and helps you build a multibillion-dollar company if somebody can't just steal that idea and suddenly start making it in Indonesia or Malaysia or Bangladesh with very cheap workers. 奥巴马总统：嗯，这是个好问题，也是个巨大的难题。听我说，我们在世界上的竞争优势，正是像他这样用头脑创造新产品、新服务的人。但只有当别人不能偷走这个想法、突然开始在印尼、马来西亚或孟加拉国用廉价工人生产时，这才能帮到我们，才能帮你建立一家数十亿美元的公司。
And one of the problems that we have had is insufficient protection for intellectual property rights. That's true in China; it's true for everything from bootleg DVDs to very sophisticated software. And there's nothing wrong with other people using our technologies. We just want to make sure that it's licensed and you're getting paid. 而我们一直存在的问题之一，是对知识产权的保护不够。中国就是这样；从盗版DVD到非常复杂的软件都是如此。其他人使用我们的技术没什么问题。我们只是要确保它是经过授权的，你能拿到钱。
So I've given instructions to my trade offices -- and we actually highlight this at the highest levels of foreign policy -- that these are issues that have to be addressed because that's part of the reciprocity of making our markets open. And so when I met with President Hu of China, this is a topic that, at dinner, I directly brought up with him. And -- But as you point out, it's got to be sustained, because a lot of times they'll say, yes, yes, yes, but then there's no enforcement on their end. 所以我已经指示我的贸易部门——而且我们实际上在外交最高层面也强调这件事——这些是必须解决的问题，因为这是我们开放市场的对等回报。所以当我与中国胡主席会面时，在晚宴上我直接把这件事提了出来。不过正如你所指出的，这件事必须持续推动，因为他们常常说好好好，但之后他们那边并不执行。
And one of the things that we're also doing is using our export arm of the U.S. government to help work with medium-sized businesses and small businesses, not just the big multinationals to protect their rights in some of these areas, because we need to boost exports. 我们还在做的另一件事，是利用美国政府的出口部门帮助中型和小型企业，不仅是大跨国公司，在相关领域保护它们的权益，因为我们需要推动出口。
Can I just say, we just went through a decade where we were told that it didn't matter, we'll just -- you just keep on importing, buying stuff from other countries, you just take out a home equity loan and max out your credit card, and everything is going to be okay. And it looked, for a lot of people, like, well, the economy seems to be growing -- but it was all built on a house of cards. That's what we now know. And that's why if we're going to have a successful manufacturing sector, we've got to have successful exports. 我只想说一句，我们刚经历的这十年里，人们告诉我们这一切都无所谓——你就一直进口、买别国的东西，刷爆你的房屋净值贷款和信用卡，一切都会没事的。看起来对很多人来说，经济好像在增长——但这一切都建立在纸牌屋上。这就是我们现在明白的事。所以如果我们想要一个成功的制造业，就必须有成功的出口。
When I went and took this trip to China, and took this trip to Asia, a lot of people said, "Well, why is he going to Asia? He's traveling overseas too much. He needs to be coming back home and talking about jobs." I'm there because that's where we're going to find those jobs, is by increasing our exports to those countries, the same way they've been doing in our country. 我去中国访问、去亚洲访问时，很多人说："哎，他为什么去亚洲？他海外跑得太多了。他应该回国谈就业。"我去那里，是因为我们将在那些国家通过增加出口找到这些就业机会，就像他们一直在我们国家做的那样。
If we increased our exports -- our share of exports by just 1 percent, that would mean hundreds of thousands of jobs here in the United States. Five percent -- maybe a million jobs, well-paying jobs. So we're going to have to pry those markets open. Intellectual property is part of that process. 如果我们把出口份额哪怕提高1%，那意味着美国国内数十万份工作。5%——也许就是一百万份待遇优厚的工作。所以我们得撬开那些市场。知识产权是这过程的一部分。
All right, great question. 好，好问题。
It's a woman's turn now. You guys just put down your hands. Oh, okay, well, this young lady right in front. We've got a microphone over here. You know, I would give it to you if I could reach, but -- go ahead. 现在轮到女士了。男士们把手放下。哦，好吧，前面这位年轻女士。这边有麦克风。要知道，如果我够得到我会递给你，但是——请讲。
Question: I introduce myself. I'm 83 years old. I know I don't look it. 提问：我自我介绍一下。我83岁了。我知道我看着不像。
President Obama: You don't. You don't. You look great. 奥巴马总统：确实不像。不像。您看着很精神。
Question: Thank you. I'm very concerned about Social Security. I think there's a few here who are probably living on that or supplementing that. I understand that Congress has given themselves a raise but has denied us COLA for possibly the next three years. At the time of the H1N1 thing, people over 65 were not given the right to have the shot. For some reason or other this health care crisis was left on our senior backs. What can we do about this? 提问：谢谢。我非常担心社会保障。我想在座的也有人靠它生活或靠它补贴。我了解到国会给自己加了薪，却可能在今后三年不给我们发放生活成本调整（COLA）。H1N1那阵子，65岁以上的人没被给予接种的权利。由于某种原因，这场医保危机被甩到了我们老年人背上。我们能做点什么？
President Obama: Well, let me address all three of your issues, because you're raising actually three separate issues. 奥巴马总统：好，让我一一回应你的三个问题，因为你其实提了三个不同的问题。
First is how do we make sure that Social Security is sustainable over the long term. Social Security is one of our entitlement programs that for now is stable, but will not be if we don't make some changes. Now, here's the good news. Compared to Medicare, Social Security is actually in reasonably good shape, and with some relatively small adjustments, you can have that solvent for a long time. So Social Security is going to be there. I know a lot of people are concerned about it. Social Security we can fix. 第一，如何确保社会保障长期可持续。社会保障是我们的权益项目之一，目前是稳定的，但如果我们不做些调整，将来就维持不下去。好消息是：和联邦医疗保险相比，社会保障的状况其实相当不错，只要做一些相对小的调整，就能让它长期保持偿付能力。所以社会保障会一直在那里。我知道很多人担心它。社会保障我们能修好。
Now, in terms of the COLA, the formula -- COLA stands for Cost of Living Allowance, so it's put in place to make sure that Social Security is keeping up with inflation. Here's the problem. This past year, because of the severity of the recession, we didn't have inflation; we actually had deflation. So prices actually fell last year. 至于COLA——COLA代表"生活成本调整"，设立的目的是确保社会保障跟上通胀。问题在于：过去这一年，由于衰退严重，我们没有通胀，实际上是通缩。所以去年物价实际上是下降的。
As a consequence, technically, seniors were not eligible for a Cost of Living Adjustment, to have it go up because prices did not go up in the aggregate. That doesn't mean that individual folks weren't being pinched by higher heating prices or what have you, but on average prices went down. 因此，从技术上说，老年人没有资格获得生活成本调整，因为整体物价并没有上涨。这并不意味着个人没有因为取暖费上涨之类的事情而受到挤压，但平均来看物价是下降的。
Here's what we did. Working with these key members of Congress here, we did vote to provide a $250 one-time payment to seniors, which, when you factored it in, amounted to about 1.8 percent. So it was almost the equivalent of the COLA, even though it wasn't actually the COLA. 我们做了这件事：和这里的几位关键国会议员合作，我们投票决定向老年人发放一次性250美元的款项，折算下来大约是1.8%。所以这几乎等同于COLA，虽然它实际上并不是COLA。
So we didn't forget seniors. We never forget seniors because they vote at very high rates. Not to mention you changed our diapers and things. And so we appreciate that. 所以我们没有忘记老年人。我们永远不会忘记老年人，因为他们的投票率非常高。更别提你们还给我们换过尿布什么的。所以我们很感激。
The third point that you made had to do with the H1N1 virus. The reason that seniors were not prioritized was because, unlike the seasonal flu shot, H1N1 was deadliest in young people and particularly children. And because the virus came up fairly late in the time frame for preparing flu shots, we had a limited number of vaccines, and we had to decide who gets the vaccines first. 你提到的第三点与H1N1病毒有关。老年人没有优先接种的原因是，与季节性流感疫苗不同，H1N1对年轻人的致死率最高，尤其是儿童。由于病毒出现得较晚，赶制流感疫苗的时间有限，我们拥有的疫苗数量有限，必须决定谁先接种。
Now, by the way, let me just do a little PSA here. Anybody who has not gotten a H1N1 shot, along with their seasonal flu, I would still advise you to get it, because historically there are two waves of this. Particularly make sure your kids have gotten it, because there have been a significantly higher number of children killed under H1 -- who get H1N1 than those who just get the seasonal flu. It's still a small fraction, I don't want to make everybody afraid. But it's just -- it's a little more serious than the normal seasonal flu. 顺便说一句，让我做一个小公告。还没有接种H1N1疫苗的人，连同季节性流感疫苗，我仍建议你们去接种，因为历史上这种疫情会有两波。尤其要确保你的孩子接种了，因为死于H1N1的儿童数量明显高于只感染季节性流感的儿童。当然这仍是很小一部分，我不想让大家害怕。但确实比一般的季节性流感要严重一些。
So it's not that seniors were neglected here. What happened was, according to the science, according to the CDC, it was determined that we had to go to the most vulnerable groups the quickest, and that was children, particularly those who had underlying neurological disorders or immunity disorders. 所以并不是老年人被忽视了。事实是，根据科学、根据CDC的判断，我们必须最快地把疫苗给最脆弱的群体，那就是儿童，尤其是那些有潜在神经疾病或免疫疾病的儿童。
All right? We haven't forgotten about you. And you don't look 83. 好吗？我们没有忘记你。而且你看着不像83岁。
Okay. This young man -- he's been standing up quite a long time. There you go. 好。这位年轻人——他已经站了挺久了。给你。
Question: Mr. President, my name is Jordan Brown. Can you hear me? 提问：总统先生，我叫乔丹·布朗。您听得见吗？
President Obama: Yes. 奥巴马总统：听得见。
Question: Okay. 提问：好的。
President Obama: Go ahead and give him the mic. I don't want to have him fall over there. 奥巴马总统：把麦克风递给他。我不想让他晕倒在那儿。
Question: Okay. I don't have a question but I do want to know if I would like -- if I can shake your hand. 提问：好的。我没有问题，但我想知道——我能不能和您握手。
President Obama: Well, yes, yes, you'll be able to come up here. If somebody lets you through, I'll definitely give you a handshake. All right, who -- I want to make sure -- you know, there's another young man here so I'll call on him. 奥巴马总统：嗯，可以，可以，你能上来。如果有人让你过来，我肯定和你握手。好，谁——我要确保——你知道，这边还有一位年轻人，我就叫他了。
Question: I'm 29 years old, and I've never had a job in my life. I went to jail when I was younger. It's like hard to get a job as a felon. Is this -- any programs that hire people with felonies like something that -- because it's sad, it's like -- 29 years old, I'm 29. 提问：我29岁了，我这辈子从来没工作过。我年轻时进过监狱。有重罪记录的人很难找到工作。有没有什么项目雇用有重罪的人——因为这事让人难过——29岁了，我29了。
President Obama: All right. Jerome -- 奥巴马总统：好。杰罗姆——
Question: And also I wanted to -- I'm a poet and I wrote a poem for you and I've been dying to put this poem in your hand. 提问：还有我想——我是个诗人，我为您写了一首诗，我一直渴望把这首诗亲手交给您。
President Obama: Okay. Give me the poem. First of all, it's never too late. It's never too late. One of these gentlemen here will hand this poem to me. There you go. I won't read it from the stage but -- because it's -- 奥巴马总统：好。把诗给我。首先，永远不会太迟。永远不会太迟。这边哪位先生会把这首诗递给我。给你。我不会在台上念它，因为——
Question: I'd appreciate it, later when you get back to the White House. 提问：那我就感激不尽了，等您回白宫再看。
President Obama: But I will definitely think about it. 奥巴马总统：但我一定会好好想这首诗。
Look, I'm proud of the fact that you're bringing this up because there are people who've made mistakes, particularly when they're young, and it is in all of our interests to help them redeem themselves and then get on a straight path. Now, I don't blame employers obviously for being nervous about hiring somebody who has a record. It's natural if they've got a lot of applicants for every single job that that's a question that they'd have in their minds. On the other hand, I think one of the great things about America is we give people second chances. 听着，我很自豪你能把这件事说出来，因为有人犯过错，尤其是年轻时犯的错，帮助他们重新做人、走上正道，符合我们所有人的利益。我不怪雇主紧张，他们对雇用有记录的人感到担忧很自然，毕竟每个职位都有大量求职者，他们心里难免有这个疑问。但另一方面，我觉得美国的伟大之一，就是我们会给人第二次机会。
And so what we've tried to do -- and I want to say, this has been a bipartisan effort -- when I was in the Senate, working with Sam Brownback; my Vice President, Joe Biden -- passing a Second Chance Act that helps to fund programs that help the reintegration of ex-felons. 所以我们努力做的——我想说，这是两党合作的结果——当我在参议院时，和萨姆·布朗贝克合作；我的副总统乔·拜登——通过了《第二次机会法案》，资助那些帮助前科人员重新融入社会的项目。
It's smart for us to do. You know, sometimes people say, well, that's just coddling people. No; you reduce the recidivism rate, they pay taxes, it ends up being smart for taxpayers to do. 这样做对我们是明智的。你知道，有时人们说，哎，那是在溺爱他们。不对；你降低了重新犯罪率，他们交税，对纳税人来说是明智之举。
I don't know, Jerome, what particular programs may exist in this county, but I promise you I'll find out. And we'll see if we can get you hooked up with one of them. All right? 杰罗姆，我不知道这个县里具体有什么项目，但我保证我会去了解。我们会看看能不能给你对接其中一个。好吗？
Okay, right here. Yes. No, no, no. Right here. Yes. Go ahead. 好，这边。是的。不不不。这边。好，请讲。
Question: Mr. President, I started a Great Lakes Truck Driving School in 2008 in Lorain County. 提问：总统先生，我2008年在洛雷恩县创办了大湖卡车驾驶学校。
President Obama: I'm sorry, what kind of school? 奥巴马总统：抱歉，什么学校？
Question: Great Lakes Truck Driving School. 提问：大湖卡车驾驶学校。
President Obama: Cross driving school? Oh, truck driving school, I'm sorry. 奥巴马总统：过马路学校？哦，卡车驾驶学校，抱歉。
Question: Great Lakes Truck Driving School. Started in 2008. Our first year we trained 287 people and we placed over 70 percent of those people into jobs. At that time there was enough money, through the Workforce Investment Board, to train those people. In the past few months we've had a number of people on a daily basis coming into our school that's unemployed, but there are no training funds for truck driver training. And I want to know why that has changed. 提问：大湖卡车驾驶学校。2008年创办。第一年我们培训了287人，其中超过70%被我们安排就业。当时通过劳动力投资委员会有足够的资金培训这些人。但过去几个月，每天都有人来我们学校，他们失业了，却没有卡车驾驶培训的资金。我想知道为什么变成了这样。
President Obama: Well, the Recovery Act put a huge amount of money into retraining. We are now preparing for next year's budget, and I know that we have actually allocated additional money for retraining. 奥巴马总统：嗯，《复苏法案》投入了大量资金用于再培训。我们目前正在准备下一财年的预算，我知道我们确实已经为再培训拨了更多钱。
I don't know specifically what's happening that would cause those dollars to dry up with respect to a truck driving school. Let me see if I can find out. I'll have one of my staff get your card, and maybe we can provide you some information. 我不清楚具体是什么原因导致卡车驾驶学校的资金枯竭。让我看看能不能查一下。我会让一名工作人员拿你的名片，也许能给你一些信息。
Question: Thank you very much. 提问：非常感谢。
President Obama: Here's the broader point, though. The story of retraining has become so important. When I went to EMC, the precision tool-making place, there were a group of guys -- and one guy who said I should call him "Jerry the Mechanic." He shakes my hand, and he and his buddy are talking to me. I said, "How long have you been working here?" They said, "Twenty years." 奥巴马总统：不过，更大的背景是这样的。再培训的故事变得非常重要。我去EMC那家精密工具厂时，有一群人——其中一位让我叫他"机械师杰瑞"。他和我握手，他和他的伙伴跟我聊天。我问："你们在这儿工作多久了？"他们说："二十年。"
And I'd noticed that a lot of the equipment now is all digital and fancy, compared to the old machines on the other side of the building. I said, "Well, did you guys have to get additional training for this?" And they said, "Well, you know what happened was, we used to work in this old plant, and we got laid off. We came here to Lorain Community College and took a six-month, 12-hour-a-day course that completely retrained us, and that's what got us these new jobs, and we've been working for over a decade now at these new jobs." 我注意到许多设备现在都是数字化的、很高级，和楼另一边的旧机器完全不同。我说："那你们是不是要为这个接受额外培训？"他们说："嗯，事情是这样的，我们原来在那个老厂工作，后来下岗了。我们来到洛雷恩社区学院，上了一期六个月、每天12小时的课程，彻底完成再培训，这让我们得到了这些新工作，我们在这些新岗位上已经干了十多年了。"
Now, here's the thing. These guys were -- these guys -- first of all, they weren't plants, as far as I know -- unless the mayor is a lot slicker than I think. But these guys did point out that it was JTPA funds -- job training funds that the federal government and the state and local all work together to make sure that people have access to funds. 事情就是这样。这几位——首先，他们不是"托儿"——至少据我所知——除非市长比我以为的更圆滑。但他们确实指出，是JTPA资金——也就是联邦、州、地方共同投入的就业培训资金——让人们有机会获得资助。
They also said, though, during that time they were still working eight hours a day because they had found sort of lower-paying jobs just to pay the rent while they were getting retrained. I said, "Okay, so you've been working eight hours and going to class 12 hours?" "Yes." I said, "Well, when do you sleep?" "Well, in between class and taking the shift." 他们还说，那段时间他们每天还要工作八小时，因为他们找了些报酬较低的工作来付房租，同时接受再培训。我问："好，所以你们每天工作八小时、上课12小时？""是的。"我问："那你们什么时候睡觉？""嗯，在上课和倒班之间。"
They did this for six months. I tell this story, one, to emphasize how important the college system is in making our workforce prepared for the 21st century. I make the point because, number two, it only works if the government is providing some help for people to finance their educations, their retraining. 他们这样坚持了六个月。我讲这个故事，第一是想强调学院体系在让我们的劳动力为21世纪做好准备方面有多重要。第二点是，只有当政府为人们接受教育和再培训提供资助时，这才行得通。
But point number three is, even if you've got a great community college, you've got the financing, you've also got to want it. You've also got to want it. Think about these guys -- you work eight hours, you go to class 12 hours, you're working -- you're sleeping in between, doing that for six months. But because they were hungry and they had confidence about their ability to translate their old skills into new skills, they've had steady jobs ever since that allow them to support their families. 但第三点是，即使你有一所好的社区学院，有钱资助，你也得自己想去做。你也得自己想去做。想想这几位——每天工作八小时，上课12小时，中间还要睡觉，坚持六个月。但因为他们有渴望，对自己把旧技能转化为新技能有信心，他们从此有了稳定的工作，能养活自己的家庭。
Now, that's the partnership between the government, the free market, businesses, individuals -- that's what we're trying to forge. And that's why I get so frustrated when we have these ideological debates in Washington where people start saying how, "Oh, Obama is just trying to perpetrate big government." What big government exactly have we been trying to perpetrate here? We're trying to fund those guys who want to go to truck driving school. We want to make sure that they've got some money to get trained for a job in the private sector. 这就是政府、自由市场、企业、个人之间的合作伙伴关系——这就是我们要打造的。所以当我们在华盛顿陷入这些意识形态争论，有人说"奥巴马就是要搞大政府"时，我才这么沮丧。我们到底在搞什么大政府？我们想帮那些想去卡车驾驶学校的人拿到资助。我们要确保他们有钱接受培训，去私营部门找到工作。
When we passed the Recovery Act, these aren't all a bunch of government jobs. These are jobs that private contractors contract with the state or the city or the county to build roads and highways, the same way that we built the Interstate Highway System and the Intercontinental Railroad System. 我们通过《复苏法案》创造的，并不都是政府岗位。这些是私人承包商与州、市、县签约修建道路和公路的工作，就像我们修建州际公路系统和洲际铁路系统一样。
I mean, I understand how people have become mistrustful of government. We don't need big government; we need smart government -- that works and interacts with the private sector to create opportunity for ordinary people. But it can't be this constant ideological argument. People need help. We need to provide them a helping hand. That's what we stand for. 我能理解人们对政府的不信任。我们不需要大政府；我们需要的是聪明的政府——能与私营部门互动、为普通人创造机会的政府。但不能没完没了地搞意识形态争论。人们需要帮助。我们需要伸出援手。这是我们坚守的立场。
All right. I've got time for only, unfortunately, one more question. I've been having a great time. But it is a man's turn here. All right. Is that you, Joe? Well, this is a ringer. I'm going to talk -- I'll talk to you separately. This is a friend of mine. People will say, ah, he called on a friend of his. I'll talk to you over to the side here. 好。可惜，我只剩一个问题的时间了。我过得非常开心。但这次该轮到男士了。好。是你吗，乔？嗯，这是"自己人"。我会——我会单独和你说。这是我的朋友。人们会说，哎，他叫了自己的朋友。我会到旁边和你说。
Go ahead, this gentleman right here. 请讲，这位先生。
Question: Thank you for taking my question. Thank you for coming here. I'm a 52-year-old businessman from Akron, Ohio. I want to create 1,200 jobs. I spend $60,000 of my own money to do a due diligence, travel to China with a German-designed turbine, and they're producing it now in China. I have rights to North America, primarily the Great Lakes. 提问：谢谢您回答我的问题。谢谢您来这里。我是来自俄亥俄阿克伦的52岁商人。我想创造1200个就业岗位。我自掏6万美元做尽职调查，带着一款德国设计的涡轮机去中国，他们现在在中国生产。我拥有北美，主要是大湖区的权利。
Two things that I'm challenged by -- I'm having a very difficult time raising money. I'm not asking for a handout. All I'm asking is loan me the money; I'll account for it, every dollar, I'll pay it back. 我有两个难题——我很难筹到钱。我不是要施舍。我只想请借我钱；每一块钱我都会负责，我会还。
Secondly -- and I'm willing to risk millions -- 99 percent of my net worth. The second thing is that GE has a patent -- and I believe in patents. I listened to this gentleman back here, and I can truly appreciate what he's going through. But in this instance, GE inherited this patent from Enron, and it's created a wall so that they won't let people come in and build turbines in the United States. Now, the patent is going to expire very soon. But now they're calling it a royalty but it's really a gate to keep people out. 第二——我愿意冒数百万的风险——我99%的净资产。第二件事是通用电气有一项专利——我相信专利制度。我听了那位先生的话，能理解他的处境。但这一次，GE从安然继承了这项专利，它筑起了一道墙，不让别人在美国建造涡轮机。专利很快就要到期了。但他们现在把它叫做版税，其实是一道把人挡在门外的大门。
Is there any programs -- I've talked to Governor Strickland, I've talked to Sherrod Brown, I've talked to Lee Fisher. This company was identified by the city of Akron and Donald Plusquellic's visionary leadership down in Akron. But I want to bring this to the United States. I want to bring these jobs -- and this not about money for me. This is about creating jobs. 有没有什么项目——我和斯特里克兰德州长谈过，和谢罗德·布朗谈过，和李·费舍尔谈过。这家公司被阿克伦市和唐纳德·普卢斯凯利奇在阿克伦的远见卓识所认可。但我想把它带到美国。我想把这些工作带回来——这对我来说不是为了钱。这是为了创造就业。
I can feel for that gentleman that wants to work. He should have a right to work. God bless him. 我能体会那位想工作的先生。他应有工作的权利。上帝保佑他。
President Obama: Let me respond -- first of all -- 奥巴马总统：让我回应——首先——
Question: Is there any -- is there any federal programs that can help me -- I just want to borrow the money to create this factory and create these jobs. 提问：有没有——有没有什么联邦项目能帮到我——我只想借这笔钱建这家工厂、创造这些工作。
President Obama: Well, obviously I don't know about the particular situation so I'll just speak generally to it. And if you want to get one of my team your card, then maybe they can follow up with you. 奥巴马总统：嗯，显然我不了解你的具体情况，所以我只能笼统地谈。如果你想留张名片给我团队的人，也许他们可以跟进。
But one of the things that we've done -- or one of the things that we've seen coming out of the financial crisis is that banks are still not lending to small businesses enough. The mayor and I talked about this. The business owners that I talked to will confirm this. 但有一件事——我们做的或我们看到的从金融危机中浮现出的事——是银行对中小企业的贷款仍然不够。市长和我谈过这件事。我谈过的企业主都能证实。
And if you ask why -- if you ask the banks why, they'll say, well, it's a combination of, in some cases, demand really is down; businesses don't have as many customers as they used to so revenues are down and -- so they don't want to lend. That's some cases. But in some cases what you've got is very profitable businesses that are ready to go, ready to invest, got a proven track record -- the banks feel as if regulators are looking over their shoulder and discouraging them from lending. 如果你问为什么——如果你问银行，他们会说，嗯，多种原因组合，有时需求确实在下降；企业客户没以前多，收入下降——所以他们不愿意放贷。这是部分情况。但有时你看到的是非常盈利的企业，准备上马、准备投资、有良好业绩记录——银行却觉得监管者在盯着自己，不鼓励放贷。
So what I've said to Treasury Secretary Geithner and others is we can't meddle with independent regulators -- their job is to stay apart from politics and make sure the banking system is sound -- but there should be a discussion about whether or not we have seen the pendulum swing too far, where it used to be they'd just lend anybody anything; then they lost all this money and now they won't lend people with good credit anything. That is not good for the economy. 所以我对财政部长盖特纳等人说，我们不能干预独立监管机构——他们的职责是远离政治，确保银行体系稳健——但应该讨论一下，钟摆是不是摆得太远了：过去他们见人就贷；后来亏了这么多钱，现在有良好信用的人也贷不到。这对经济不好。
So what we've tried to do is to fill some of these gaps in the meantime. For example, our small business lending through the SBA has actually gone up 70 percent. And we've been waiving fees, increasing guarantees, and what we're trying to do is streamline the process for SBA loans because right now there's just too much paperwork. It's typical government not having caught up with the 21st century. And you can't have a 50-pound application form. People just -- after a while, it's not worth it, in some cases. So we're trying to do all those things. 所以我们努力做的，是在此期间填补一些空白。例如，我们通过SBA的小企业贷款增长了70%。我们一直在免除费用、提高担保比例，我们也在努力简化SBA贷款流程，因为现在文书工作太多。这是典型的政府还没跟上21世纪。你不能让人填一份50磅重的申请表。久而久之，有时就不值得了。所以这些事我们都在做。
Now, with respect to patents, again, I don't know the particular situation. I will say this. It's important that we protect internationally intellectual property. It is also important though that we have a patent system that encourages innovation but doesn't just lock in big monopolies that prevent new people from bringing new products into the system. 关于专利，还是那句话，我不了解具体情况。我想说的是：在国际上保护知识产权很重要。但同样重要的是，我们的专利制度应该鼓励创新，而不是把大垄断固化，阻止新人带来新产品。
The worst offender of this problem is actually the drug companies, because they will try to lock in their patents for as long as they can to prevent generics from coming onto the market, and that costs customers billions of dollars. And sometimes the drug company will redesign it so it's a caplet instead of a pill, and then try to get a new patent, to get another seven or nine or 10 years of coverage. 这个问题最严重的违规者其实是制药公司，他们会尽可能长时间地锁定专利，阻止仿制药上市，这让消费者多花数十亿美元。有时制药公司会把药重新设计，从药片改成胶囊，然后申请一项新专利，再拿七到十年保护期。
That is something that we've got to change. I don't know whether that applies to your particular situation, but we have to have a patent system that doesn't prevent competition. We want a patent system that encourages innovation. 这是我们必须改变的事。我不知道这是否适用于你的具体情况，但我们的专利制度不能阻碍竞争。我们要的是鼓励创新的专利制度。
Now, I'm out of time, but I want to say one last thing. First of all, because there's been so much attention focused on this health care issue this week, I just want to emphasize not the myths but the reality of what is trying to -- that both the House and the Senate bill were trying to accomplish, because it's actually very simple. There are a bunch of provisions in it, but it's pretty simple. 我时间到了，但我想说最后一件事。首先，因为本周医保问题备受关注，我想强调的不是那些误解，而是众议院和参议院法案试图实现的目标，因为这其实非常简单。条款众多，但本质很简单。
Number one, for those of you who have health insurance, we are trying to get in place reforms that make sure you are getting your money's worth for the insurance that you pay for. That means, for example, that they can't impose a lifetime cap where if you really get sick and suddenly there's some fine print in there that says you're not completely covered. 第一，对于有医保的人，我们正试图推行改革，确保你花的保费物有所值。比如，保险公司不能设定终身赔付上限，让你真得了重病时突然发现细则里写着不能完全报销。
We're trying to make sure that there is a cap on out-of-pocket expenses so that you don't find out, when you read the fine print, that you've got to pay a huge amount that you thought you were covered for. We're trying to make sure that if you've got a preexisting condition, you can actually still get health insurance, because a lot of people have been banned from getting health insurance because of a preexisting condition. 我们要确保自付费用有上限，免得你看到细则才发现要自掏一大笔你以为有保障的钱。我们要确保如果你有既往病史，你仍然能买到医保，因为很多人正因为既往病史被拒之门外。
One of the provisions -- one of the reforms we want is to make sure that your 26- or 27-year-old could, up until that age, could stay on your insurance, so that once they get out of high school and college, they can stay on their parents' insurance for a few years until they've got a more stable job. 我们想要的改革之一是，让你的26岁或27岁的孩子到那个年龄还能留在你的保险上，这样他们从高中、大学毕业之后，能再在父母的保险上待几年，直到有一份更稳定的工作。
So you've got all these insurance reforms that we're trying to get passed. Now, some people ask, well, why don't you just pass that and forget everything else? Here's the problem. Let's just take the example of preexisting conditions. 所以你们看到，我们要通过的所有这些保险改革。有些人会问，那你为什么不只通过这部分，别的不管？问题在这儿。就拿既往病史这个例子说。
We can't prohibit insurance companies from preventing people with preexisting conditions getting insurance unless everybody essentially has insurance. And the reason for that is otherwise what would happen is people would just -- just wouldn't get insurance until they were sick and then they'd go and buy insurance and they couldn't be prohibited. And that would drive everybody else's premiums up. 除非人人都参保，否则我们没法禁止保险公司拒绝有既往病史的人。原因是，否则的话，人们就会——直到生病才去买保险，而保险公司又不能拒绝，那就会推高其他所有人的保费。
So a lot of these insurance reforms are connected to some other things we have to do to make sure that everybody has some access to coverage. All right? 所以这些保险改革和我们让所有人都能获得医保的其他措施是相互关联的。对吧？
So the second thing we've been trying to do is to make sure that we're setting up an exchange, which is just a big pool so that people who are individuals, who are self employed, who are small business owners, they can essentially join a big pool of millions of people all across the country, which means that when you go to negotiate with your insurance company you've got the purchasing power of a Ford or a GM or Wal-Mart or a Xerox or the federal employees. 我们努力做的第二件事，是建立一个"交易所"，其实就是一个大池子，让个人、自由职业者、小企业主都能加入全国数百万人的大池子，这意味着当你去和保险公司谈判时，你拥有福特、通用、沃尔玛、施乐或联邦雇员那样的购买力。
That's why federal employees have good insurance, and county employees and state employees have good insurance, in part is because they're part of this big pool. 这也是为什么联邦雇员有好的医保，县雇员和州雇员有好的医保——部分原因就是他们属于这个大池子。
And our attitude is, can we make sure that everybody is part of a big pool to drive down costs. That's the second thing we're trying to do. 我们的态度是，能不能让所有人都加入一个大池子，从而压低成本。这是我们要做的第二件事。
Third thing we're trying to do is to try to reduce costs overall because the system -- how many of you, you go into the doctor's office, you fill out a form, you get a checkup, you go fill out another form, somebody else asks you for the form you just filled out. Then the doctor fills out a form, you got to take it to the pharmacist. The pharmacist can't read the doctor's -- this is the only industry in the country that still does that, that still operates on paper systems, that still orders all kinds of unnecessary tests. 第三件事是努力降低整体成本，因为这个系统——你们多少人经历过，进了医生办公室，填一张表，做个体检，又填一张表，又有人问你要刚才填过的那张表。然后医生填一张表，你得拿到药剂师那里。药剂师看不懂医生的字——这是全国唯一还这样做的行业，还在用纸质系统，还在开各种不必要的检查。
Because a lot of times, I walk in the doctor, I just do what I'm told -- I don't know what he's doing. I don't know whether this test was necessary or whether we could have had the test that I took six months ago e-mailed to the doctor so I wouldn't have to take another test and pay for another test. Right? So there are all these methods of trying to reduce costs. And that's what we've been trying to institute. 因为很多时候，我走进医生那里，让我做什么我就做什么——我不知道他在做什么。我不知道这项检查是否必要，或者能不能把我六个月前做过的检查电邮给医生，这样我就不用再做一次、再付一次钱。对吧？所以有这些降低成本的方法。这就是我们一直在推行的。
Now, I just want to say, as I said in my opening remarks, the process has been less than pretty. When you deal with 535 members of Congress, it's going to be a somewhat ugly process -- not necessarily because any individual member of Congress is trying to do something wrong, it's just they may have different ideas, they have different interests, they've got a particular issue of a hospital in their district that they want to see if they can kind of get dealt with and this may be the best vehicle for doing it. They're looking out for their constituents a lot of times. 我只想说，正如我开场时所说，这个过程并不漂亮。当你和535名国会议员打交道时，过程会有点难看——不一定是因为哪个议员想做什么坏事，而是他们可能有不同的想法、不同的利益，他们可能想为自己选区里某家医院争取一下，而这可能是最好的载体。很多时候他们是在为选民谋利益。
But when you put it all together, it starts looking like just this monstrosity. And it makes people fearful. And it makes people afraid. And they start thinking, you know what, this looks like something that is going to cost me tax dollars and I already have insurance so why should I support this. 但当你把这一切放在一起，它看起来就像一头怪物。这让人恐惧。让人害怕。他们开始想，你知道吗，这看起来要花我的税钱，而我已经有医保了，为什么要支持。
So I just want to be clear that there are things that have to get done. This is our best chance to do it. We can't keep on putting this off. Even if you've got health insurance right now, look at what's happening with your premiums and look at the trend. 所以我只想说清楚，有些事必须做。这是我们最好的机会。我们不能再拖下去。即使你现在有医保，看看你的保费走势。
It is going to gobble up more and more of your paycheck. Ask a chunk of you folks in here who have seen your employers say you've got to pick up more of your payments in terms of higher deductibles or higher copayments. Some of you, your employers just said, we can't afford health insurance at all. That's going to happen to more and more people. 它会吞噬你越来越多的工资。问问在座那些被雇主告知要承担更多免赔额或共付额的人。你们中有些人，雇主直接说，我们付不起医保了。这种事会发生在越来越多人身上。
You asked about Social Security. Let me talk about Medicare. Medicare will be broke in eight years if we do nothing. Right now we give -- we give about $17 billion in subsidies to insurance companies through the Medicare system -- your tax dollars. 你问到社会保障。让我谈谈联邦医疗保险。如果我们什么都不做，Medicare八年就会破产。我们现在通过Medicare系统给保险公司大约170亿美元的补贴——这是你们的税金。
But when we tried to eliminate them, suddenly there were ads on TV -- "Oh, Obama is trying to cut Medicare." I get all these seniors writing letters: "Why are you trying to cut my Medicare benefits?" I'm not trying to cut your Medicare benefits. I'm trying to stop paying these insurance companies all this money so I can give you a more stable program. 但当我们试图取消这些补贴时，电视上突然出现广告——"哦，奥巴马要砍Medicare。"我收到大量老年人来信："你为什么要削减我的Medicare福利？"我不是要削减你的Medicare福利。我是要不再付给保险公司这么多钱，这样我才能给你一个更稳健的项目。
The point is this: None of the big issues that we face in this country are simple. Everybody wants to act like they're simple. Everybody wants to say that they can be done easily. But they're complicated. They're tough. The health care system is a big, complicated system, and doing it right is hard. 关键是：我们国家面临的大问题没有一个是简单的。每个人都想把它们说得简单。每个人都想说得很容易。但它们复杂、艰难。医疗体系是个庞大复杂的系统，要把它做好很难。
Energy. If we want to be energy independent -- I'm for more oil production. I am for -- I am for new forms of energy. I'm for a safe nuclear industry. I'm not ideological about this. But we also have to acknowledge that if we're going to actually have a energy-independent economy, that we've got to make some changes. We can't just keep on doing business the same way. And that's going to be a big, complicated discussion. 能源。如果我们想实现能源独立——我支持多产油。我支持——我支持新能源。我支持安全的核能。这件事我不意识形态化。但我们也必须承认，如果我们真要有一个能源独立的经济，就必须做出一些改变。我们不能继续按老一套做生意。这将是一场庞大而复杂的讨论。
We can't shy away from it, though. We can't sort of start suddenly saying to ourselves, America or Congress can't do big things; that we should only do the things that are non-controversial; we should only do the stuff that's safe. Because if that's what happens, then we're not going to meet the challenges of the 21st century. And that's not who we are. That's not how we used to operate, and that's not how I intend us to operate going forward. 但我们不能回避它。我们不能突然对自己说，美国或国会不能做大事；我们应该只做那些没有争议的事；只做那些稳妥的事。因为如果那样，我们就无法迎接21世纪的挑战。那不是我们。那不是我们曾经的样子，也不是我打算让我们成为的样子。
We are going to take these big things on, and I'm going to do it, and you're going to do it, because you know that we want to leave a better America for our children and our grandchildren. And that doesn't mean standing still; that means marching forward. 我们要承担这些大事，我会去做，你们也会去做，因为你们知道我们要为我们的子孙后代留下一个更好的美国。这不意味着原地踏步；这意味着向前迈进。
I want to march forward with you. I want to work with you. I want to fight for you. I hope you're willing to stand by me, even during these tough times, because I believe in a brighter future for America. 我想和你们一起向前迈进。我想和你们一起工作。我想为你们奋斗。我希望你们愿意和我站在一起，即使在艰难时刻，因为我相信美国有更光明的未来。
Thank you, everybody. God bless you. 谢谢大家。上帝保佑你们。
