Hello, everybody. I am glad to see that all of you braved the weather to be here. A little while ago I had a meeting with the Democratic and Republican congressional leaders, and it went very well. In fact, I understand that McConnell and Reid are out doing snow angels on the South Lawn together. Can you picture that, Chuck? Not really? 大家好。我很高兴看到你们冒着严寒来到这里。刚才我与国会两党领袖举行了一次会议，进展非常顺利。事实上，我听说麦康奈尔和里德正在南草坪上一起堆雪天使呢。你能想象那画面吗，查克？不太能吧？
The meeting did go well, and I appreciate them making the trek. We had a good and frank conversation and it's one that I hope we can continue on a more regular basis. 会议确实进展顺利，我感谢他们冒雪前来。我们进行了一场坦诚的对话，我希望我们能更经常地保持这样的交流。
We all understand that there are legitimate and genuine differences between the parties, but despite the political posturing that often paralyzes this town, there are many issues upon which we can and should agree. That's what the American people are demanding of us. I think they're tired of every day being Election Day in Washington. And at this critical time in our country, the people sent us here expect a seriousness of purpose that transcends petty politics. 我们都明白两党之间存在真实而合理的分歧，但尽管政治作秀常常让这座城市陷入瘫痪，仍有许多议题是我们能够也应当达成共识的。这正是美国人民对我们的要求。我想他们已经厌倦了华盛顿天天都像选举日一样。在国家的这个关键时刻，派我们来这里的人民期望我们展现出超越党派之争的严肃使命感。
That's why I'm going to continue to seek the best ideas from either party as we work to tackle the pressing challenges ahead. I am confident, for example, that when one in 10 of our fellow citizens can't work, we should be able to come together and help business create more jobs. We ought to be able to agree on providing small businesses with additional tax credits and much needed lines of credit. We ought to agree on investments in crumbling roads and bridges, and we should agree on tax breaks for making homes more energy-efficient -- all of which will put more Americans to work. 正因如此，我将继续从两党中寻求最佳方案，以应对前方的紧迫挑战。例如，我坚信，当我们每十个同胞中就有一人无法就业时，我们理应团结起来，帮助企业创造更多就业岗位。我们应当能就向小企业提供额外税收抵免和急需的信贷额度达成共识。我们应当就投资修缮破败的公路和桥梁达成一致，也应当就提高住宅能效的税收优惠达成共识——所有这些都将让更多美国人走上工作岗位。
Many of the job proposals that I've laid out have passed the House and are soon going to be debated in the Senate. We spent a lot of time in this meeting discussing a jobs package and how we could move forward on that. And if there are additional ideas, I will consider them as well. What I won't consider is doing nothing in the face of a lot of hardship across the country. 我提出的许多就业方案已在众议院获得通过，很快将在参议院进行辩论。我们在这次会议上花了大量时间讨论就业一揽子计划以及如何推进。如果有其他想法，我也会予以考虑。我唯一不会考虑的，就是在全国各地面临重重困难之际无所作为。
We also talked about restoring fiscal responsibility. There are few matters on which there is as much vigorous bipartisan agreement, at least in public, but unfortunately there's also a lot of partisan wrangling behind closed doors. This is what we know for sure: For us to solve this extraordinary problem that is so many years in the making, it's going to take the cooperation of both parties. It's not going to happen in any other way. 我们还讨论了恢复财政责任的问题。在公开场合，几乎没有多少议题能像这样获得两党如此热烈的共识，但遗憾的是，关门之后也有大量的党派争斗。我们可以肯定的是：要解决这个积累了多年之久的严峻问题，必须依靠两党的合作。除此之外别无他法。
I'm pleased that Congress supported my request to restore the pay-as-you-go rule, which was instrumental in turning deficits into surpluses during the 1990s. I've also called for a bipartisan fiscal commission. Unfortunately this measure, which originally had received the support of a bipartisan majority of the Senate and was cosponsored by Senators Conrad and Gregg, Democrats and Republicans, was blocked there. So I'm going to be creating this commission by executive order. 我很高兴国会支持我恢复"现收现付"规则的请求，这一规则在20世纪90年代对扭转赤字、实现盈余起到了关键作用。我还呼吁成立一个两党财政委员会。遗憾的是，这项最初获得参议院两党多数支持、由民主党的康拉德和共和党的格雷格参议员联合提案的措施，在参议院遭到阻挠。因此，我将通过行政命令成立这个委员会。
And during our meeting I asked the leadership of both parties to join in this serious effort to address our long-term deficits, because when the politics is put aside, the reality of our fiscal challenge is not subject to interpretation. Math is not partisan. There ought to be a debate about how to close our deficits. What we can't accept is business as usual, and we can't afford grandstanding at the expense of actually getting something done. 在会议上，我请求两党领导层共同参与这项应对长期赤字的严肃工作，因为抛开政治不谈，我们财政挑战的现实不容任意解读。数学没有党派之分。关于如何削减赤字应当展开辩论，但我们不能接受得过且过，也无法承受以牺牲实际成果为代价的政治作秀。
During our meeting we also touched briefly on how we can move forward on health reform. I've already announced that in two weeks I'll be holding a meeting with people from both parties, and as I told the congressional leadership, I'm looking forward to a constructive debate with plans that need to be measured against this test. 在会议中，我们也简要讨论了如何推进医疗改革。我已经宣布，两周后我将与两党人士举行会议，正如我告诉国会领导层的，我期待一场建设性的辩论，相关方案需要通过以下检验来衡量。
Does it bring down costs for all Americans as well as for the federal government, which spends a huge amount on health care? Does it provide adequate protection against abuses by the insurance industry? Does it make coverage affordable and available to the tens of millions of working Americans who don't have it right now? And does it help us get on a path of fiscal sustainability? 它能否降低所有美国人的成本，也能降低在医疗上投入巨资的联邦政府的成本？它能否对保险行业的滥用行为提供充分保护？它能否让数千万目前没有保险的劳动美国人买得起、买得到保险？它能否帮助我们走上财政可持续的道路？
We also talked about why this is so urgent. Just this week, there was a report that Anthem Blue Cross, which is the largest insurer in the largest state, California, is planning on raising premiums for many individual policyholders by as much as 39 percent. If we don't act, this is just a preview of coming attractions. Premiums will continue to rise for folks with insurance; millions more will lose their coverage altogether; our deficits will continue to grow larger. And we have an obligation -- both parties -- to tackle this issue in a serious way. 我们也讨论了为何此事如此紧迫。就在本周，有报道称加州这个最大州的最大保险公司Anthem Blue Cross正计划将许多个人保单持有人的保费上调高达39%。如果我们不采取行动，这不过是未来景象的预演。投保人的保费将持续上涨，数百万人将彻底失去保险 coverage，我们的赤字将继续扩大。我们两党有义务以严肃的态度应对这个问题。
Now, bipartisanship depends on a willingness among both Democrats and Republicans to put aside matters of party for the good of the country. I won't hesitate to embrace a good idea from my friends in the minority party, but I also won't hesitate to condemn what I consider to be obstinacy that's rooted not in substantive disagreements but in political expedience. We talked about this as well, particularly when it comes to the confirmation process. 两党合作的前提是民主、共和两党都愿意为了国家利益放下党派之见。我不会犹豫采纳少数党朋友提出的好主意，但我也会毫不迟疑地谴责那种并非源于实质分歧、而是出于政治权宜的固执。我们也讨论了这个问题，尤其是在人事确认程序方面。
I respect the Senate's role to advise and consent, but for months, qualified, non-controversial nominees for critical positions in government, often positions related to our national security, have been held up despite having overwhelming support. My nominee for one important job, the head of General Services Administration, which helps run the government, was denied a vote for nine months. When she finally got a vote on her nomination, she was confirmed 96 to nothing. That's not advise and consent; that's delay and obstruct. 我尊重参议院"咨询与同意"的职责，但数月以来，一批合格且无争议的政府关键职位提名人——其中许多职位关乎国家安全——尽管获得压倒性支持，却仍被搁置。我提名的一位重要职位人选——协助政府运转的总务管理局局长——被拒绝投票长达九个月。当她最终获得投票时，以96票赞成、0票反对获得确认。这不是咨询与同意，这是拖延与阻挠。
One senator, as you all are aware, had put a hold on every single nominee that we had put forward due to a dispute over a couple of earmarks in his state. In our meeting, I asked the congressional leadership to put a stop to these holds in which nominees for critical jobs are denied a vote for months. Surely we can set aside partisanship and do what's traditionally been done to confirm these nominations. 诸位都知道，有位参议员由于对他所在州的几项专项拨款存有争议，对我们提出的每一位提名人都实施了搁置。在会议上，我请求国会领导层制止这种让关键职位提名人长达数月无法获得投票的搁置行为。我们当然可以放下党派之争，按照传统方式确认这些提名。
If the Senate does not act -- and I made this very clear -- if the Senate does not act to confirm these nominees, I will consider making several recess appointments during the upcoming recess, because we can't afford to allow politics to stand in the way of a well-functioning government. 如果参议院不采取行动——我已经说得很清楚——如果参议院不确认这些提名人，我将考虑在即将到来的休会期间进行若干休会任命，因为我们不能让政治阻碍政府正常运转。
My hope is that this will be the first of a series of meetings that I have with leadership of both parties in Congress. We've got to get past the tired debates that have plagued our politics and left behind nothing but soaring debt and mounting challenges, greater hardships among the American people, and extraordinary frustrations among the American people. Those frustrations are what led me to run for President, and as long as I'm here in Washington, I intend to try to make this government work on their behalf. 我希望这只是我与国会两党领导层一系列会议的开端。我们必须超越那些困扰我国政治、却只留下攀升的债务和不断加剧的挑战、加重美国人民苦难和强烈不满的陈旧辩论。正是这些不满促使我竞选总统，只要我还在华盛顿，我就打算努力让政府为他们服务。
So, you know, I'm going to take a couple of questions, guys. 那么，大家知道的，我会回答几个问题。
Major. 马吉尔。
Question: After meeting with you, John Boehner came out and told us, "The House can't pass the health care bill it once passed; the Senate can't pass the health care bill it once passed. Why would we have a conversation about legislation that can't pass?" As a part of that, he said you and your White House and congressional Democrats should start over entirely from scratch on health care reform. How do you respond? Are you willing to do that? 提问：在与你会面之后，约翰·博纳出来告诉我们："众议院无法再通过它曾经通过的医改法案；参议院也无法再通过它曾经通过的医改法案。那我们为什么还要讨论一部无法通过的立法呢？"他还说，你和你的白宫以及国会民主党人应该在医疗改革上完全推倒重来。你如何回应？你愿意这样做吗？
President Obama: Well, here's how I responded to John in the meeting, and I've said this publicly before. There are some core goals that have to be met. We've got to control costs, both for families and businesses, but also for our government. Everybody out there who talks about deficits has to acknowledge that the single biggest driver of our deficits is health care spending. We cannot deal with our deficits and debt long term unless we get a handle on that. So that has to be part of a package. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我在会议上是这样回应约翰的，我之前也公开说过。有一些核心目标必须实现。我们必须控制成本——既是为家庭和企业，也是为我们的政府。所有谈论赤字的人都必须承认，我们赤字最大的单一驱动因素就是医疗支出。除非我们对此加以控制，否则无法长期解决赤字和债务问题。所以这必须是一揽子方案的一部分。
Number two, we've got to deal with insurance abuses that affect millions of Americans who've got health insurance. And number three, we've got to make health insurance more available to folks in the individual market, as I just mentioned, in California, who are suddenly seeing their premiums go up 39 percent. That applies to the majority of small businesses, as well as sole proprietors. They are struggling. 第二，我们必须处理影响数百万已投保美国人的保险行业滥用行为。第三，正如我刚才提到的，我们必须让个人市场上的人——比如加州那些突然看到保费上涨39%的人——更容易获得医疗保险。这也适用于大多数小企业和个体经营者。他们正在挣扎。
So I've got these goals. Now, we have a package, as we work through the differences between the House and the Senate, and we'll put it up on a Web site for all to see over a long period of time, that meets those criteria, meets those goals. But when I was in Baltimore talking to the House Republicans, they indicated, we can accomplish some of these goals at no cost. And I said, great, let me see it. And I have no interest in doing something that's more expensive and harder to accomplish if somebody else has an easier way to do it. 所以我有这些目标。现在，我们有了一揽子方案，在解决众参两院分歧的过程中，我们会将其放到网站上让所有人长期查阅，这一方案符合上述标准、达成上述目标。但当我在巴尔的摩与众议院共和党人交流时，他们表示，我们可以不花任何成本就实现其中一些目标。我说，太好了，让我看看。如果别人有更简单的方法，我没兴趣去做更昂贵、更难实现的事情。
So I'm going to be starting from scratch in the sense that I will be open to any ideas that help promote these goals. What I will not do, what I don't think makes sense and I don't think the American people want to see, would be another year of partisan wrangling around these issues; another six months or eight months or nine months worth of hearings in every single committee in the House and the Senate in which there's a lot of posturing. 所以，从某种意义上说我将从头开始——我对任何有助于推进这些目标的想法都持开放态度。我不会做的、我认为毫无意义、我认为美国人民也不想看到的，是围绕这些问题再进行一年的党派争斗；或者在众参两院的每一个委员会再进行六个月、八个月或九个月的听证会，其中充斥着政治作秀。
Let's get the relevant parties together; let's put the best ideas on the table. My hope is that we can find enough overlap that we can say this is the right way to move forward, even if I don't get every single thing that I want. 让相关各方坐在一起，把最好的想法摆到桌面上。我希望我们能找到足够的共同点，从而可以说这就是前进的正确方向，即便我无法得到我想要的每一样东西。
But here's the point that I made to John Boehner and Mitch McConnell: Bipartisanship can't be that I agree to all the things that they believe in or want, and they agree to none of the things I believe in and want, and that's the price of bipartisanship, right? But that's sometimes the way it gets presented. Mitch McConnell said something very nice in the meeting about how he supports our goals on nuclear energy and clean coal technology and more drilling to increase oil production. Well, of course he likes that; that's part of the Republican agenda for energy, which I accept. 但我对约翰·博纳和米奇·麦康奈尔强调的一点是：两党合作不能意味着我同意他们相信或想要的所有事情，而他们却不同意我相信或想要的任何事情，这就是两党合作的代价，对吧？但有时事情就是被这样描述的。麦康奈尔在会上说了些很好的话，谈到他支持我们在核能、清洁煤技术和增加石油产量的更多钻井方面的目标。他当然喜欢这些，那是共和党能源议程的一部分，而我接受。
And I'm willing to move off some of the preferences of my party in order to meet them halfway. But there's got to be some give from their side as well. That's true on health care; that's true on energy; that's true on financial reform. That's what I'm hoping gets accomplished at the summit. 我也愿意放弃我党的一些偏好，以便与他们各让一步。但他们那方也必须有所让步。这在医疗上成立，在能源上成立，在金融改革上也成立。这就是我希望在峰会上能够达成的。
Question: Do you agree the House and Senate bill can't pass anymore? 提问：你是否同意众议院和参议院的法案已经无法通过了？
President Obama: What I agree with is that the public has soured on the process that they saw over the last year. I think that actually contaminates how they view the substance of the bills. I think it is important for all of these issues to be aired so that people have confidence if we're moving forward on such a significant part of the economy as health care, that there is complete transparency and all of these issues have been adequately vetted and adequately debated. 奥巴马总统：我同意的是，公众对过去一年所看到的程序已经感到失望。我认为这实际上污染了他们对法案实质内容的看法。我认为所有这些问题都需要公开讨论，这样人们才会有信心——如果我们要在医疗这样一个重要的经济领域推进改革，整个过程必须完全透明，所有问题都经过了充分审查和充分辩论。
And this gives an opportunity not just for Democrats to say here's what we think we should do, but it also gives Republicans a showcase before the entire country to say here's our plan; here's why we think this will work. And one of the things that John Boehner and Mitch McConnell both said is they didn't think that the status quo was acceptable, and that's, right there, promising. That indicates that if all sides agree that we can't just continue with business as usual then maybe we can actually get something done. 这不仅给了民主党人说"我们认为应该这样做"的机会，也让共和党人可以在全国面前展示：这是我们的方案，这是我们认为它会奏效的理由。约翰·博纳和米奇·麦康奈尔都表示的一件事是，他们认为现状是不可接受的——这本身就很有希望。这表明，如果各方都同意我们不能继续得过且过，那么也许我们真的能做成一些事。
Question: Mr. President, one of the reasons Anthem said -- Anthem Blue Cross says that it's raising its premiums is because so many people are dropping out of individual coverage because the economy is so bad and that leaves the people in the pool who are people who need medical care driving up costs. 提问：总统先生，Anthem Blue Cross说它要上调保费的原因之一是，由于经济太糟，那么多人退出了个人保险，剩下留在保险池中的都是需要医疗的人，从而推高了成本。
One of the reasons why businesses are not expanding right now, in addition to some of the credit issues you've talked about, at least according to business leaders, is they say there's an uncertainty of what they need to plan for because of the energy bill, because of health care. That's what they say. I'm not saying it's true or not, but that's what they say. What do you say when you hear that? 企业目前不愿扩张的原因之一，除了你提到的一些信贷问题之外——至少根据企业领袖的说法——是他们说，因为能源法案、因为医疗改革，他们无法确定需要为什么做规划，存在不确定性。这是他们说的。我并非说这是真是假，但这是他们的说法。你听到这些时怎么回应？
President Obama: Well, I think that the biggest uncertainty has been we just went through the worst recession since the Great Depression and people weren't sure whether the financial system was going to melt down and whether we were going to tip into a endless recession. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我认为最大的不确定性在于我们刚刚经历了大萧条以来最严重的衰退，人们当时不确定金融体系是否会崩溃，我们是否会陷入一场无尽的衰退。
So let's be clear about the sources of uncertainty in terms of business investment over the last several years: A huge contraction, trillions of dollars of losses in people's 401(k)s; people have a lot of debt coming out of the previous decade that they still haven't worked out; the housing market losing a whole bunch of value. 所以让我们厘清过去几年企业投资不确定性的来源：一场巨大的经济收缩，人们的401(k)养老金账户损失数万亿美元；人们在前一个十年中积累了大量债务至今仍未消化；房地产市场大幅贬值。
So the good news is that where we were contracting by 6 percent the economy is now growing by 6 percent. The CEOs I talked to are saying they are now making investments, and I anticipate that they're going to start hiring at a more rapid clip. What I've also heard is them saying that we would like to feel like Washington is working and able to get some things done. 好消息是，曾经萎缩6%的经济如今正以6%的速度增长。我交谈过的CEO们说他们现在正在进行投资，我预计他们将加快招聘步伐。我也听到他们说，我们希望感觉华盛顿正在运转、能够做成一些事情。
There are two ways of interpreting the issue of uncertainty. One way would be to say, well, you know what, we'll just go back to what we were doing before on, let's say, the financial markets. We won't have the regulations that we need; we won't make any changes in terms of "too big to fail." That will provide certainty -- until the next financial crisis. 关于不确定性的问题有两种解读方式。一种是说，好吧，我们就回到以前在金融市场上的做法。我们不需要那些必要的监管；我们对"大而不倒"不做任何改变。这会提供确定性——直到下一次金融危机来临。
That's not the kind of certainty I think that the financial markets need. The kind of certainty they need is for us to go ahead and agree on a bipartisan effort to put some rules of the road in place so that consumers are protected in the financial markets; so that we don't have banks that are too big to fail; that we have ways of winding them down and protecting the overall system without taxpayer bailouts. That requires legislation. The sooner we can get that done, the better. 那并不是我认为金融市场需要的那种确定性。他们需要的确定性，是我们能够就两党合作达成一致，制定一些"道路规则"，让消费者在金融市场中受到保护；让我们不再有"大而不倒"的银行；让我们有办法在不动用纳税人救助的情况下清算这些银行并保护整体体系。这需要立法。越快完成越好。
The same would be true when it comes to health care. A lot of CEOs I hear from will say, boy, we'd like you to get health care settled one way or another, but they will acknowledge that when they open up their latest invoice for their premiums and they find out that those premiums have gone up 20 percent or 25 percent, that's the kind of uncertainty that also tamps down business investment. 医疗领域也是一样。许多与我交流的CEO会说，天哪，我们希望你们能把医疗问题以某种方式解决，但他们也承认，当他们打开最新的保费账单、发现保费上涨了20%或25%时，那种不确定性同样会抑制企业投资。
So I guess my answer would be this: The sooner the business community has a sense that we've got our act together here in Washington and can move forward on big, serious issues in a substantive way without a lot of posturing and partisan wrangling, I think the better off the entire country is going to be. I absolutely agree on that. 所以我想我的回答是这样的：商界越早感到我们在华盛顿已经理顺了关系、能够在没有太多政治作秀和党派争斗的情况下以实质性方式推进重大严肃议题，整个国家就会越好。我完全同意这一点。
What I think is important is not to buy into this notion that is perpetrated by some of the business interests that got a stake in this who are fighting financial reform, for example, to say, boy, we'd be doing fine if we just didn't try to regulate the banks. That I think would be a mistake. 我认为重要的是，不要接受那种由某些在其中有利益相关、并反对金融改革的商业利益集团所散布的观念，比如说，天哪，只要我们不试图监管银行，我们就会一切安好。我认为那将是个错误。
Question: Just to play devil's advocate on that -- a small business, let's say, not somebody who's going to be affected by the regulatory reform, small business -- you have proposed, you would acknowledge, a bold agenda. And a small business might wonder, I don't know how the energy bill is going to affect me, I don't know how the health care reform bill is going to affect me -- I'd better hold off on hiring. 提问：让我在这点上扮演一下魔鬼代言人——假设一家小企业，不会受监管改革影响的那种小企业——你必须承认，你提出了一项大胆的议程。一家小企业可能会想，我不知道能源法案会对我有何影响，我也不知道医改法案会对我有何影响——我最好暂缓招聘。
President Obama: The small businesses I talk to -- and I've been talking to a lot of them as I've been traveling around the country over the last several months -- their biggest problem is right now they can't get credit out of their banks so they're uncertain about that. And they're still uncertain about orders -- do they just have enough customers to justify them doing more. 奥巴马总统：我交谈过的小企业——过去几个月我在全国各地走访时与许多小企业交流过——他们目前最大的问题是无法从银行获得信贷，因此对此感到不确定。他们对订单也仍然不确定——是否有足够的客户来证明他们可以扩大经营。
It's looking better at this point. But that's not the rationale for people saying, I'm not hiring. Let me put it this way. Most small businesses right now, if they've got enough customers to make a profit and they can get the bank loans required to boost their payroll, boost their inventory, and sell to those customers, they will do so. Okay? 目前情况正在好转。但这并不是人们说"我不招聘"的理由。让我这样说吧。大多数小企业目前如果有足够的客户能盈利，并能获得所需的银行贷款来扩充人员、增加库存并向这些客户销售，他们就会这样做。明白吗？
Let's see, let's get a print guy here. David. 让我看看，让一位纸媒记者提问。大卫。
Question: You heard McConnell talk about nuclear power, offshore drilling, free trade -- that's a lot of Republican stuff. Is your party going to go for that if you decide to support that -- 提问：你听到麦康奈尔谈到核能、近海钻井、自由贸易——那可是很多共和党人的主张。如果你决定支持这些，你的政党会接受吗——
President Obama: You know, I think that on energy there should be a bipartisan agreement that we have to take a both/and approach rather than an either/or approach. What do I mean by that? I am very firm in my conviction that the country that leads the way in clean energy -- solar, wind, biodiesel, geothermal -- that country is going to win the race in the 21st century global economy. So we have to move in that direction. 奥巴马总统：你知道，我认为在能源问题上应当有两党共识，即我们必须采取"两者兼顾"而非"非此即彼"的方式。这是什么意思？我坚信，那个在清洁能源——太阳能、风能、生物柴油、地热——领域领先的国家，将在21世纪的全球经济竞赛中胜出。所以我们必须朝那个方向前进。
What is also true is that given our energy needs in order to continue economic growth, produce jobs, make sure our businesses are competitive around the world, that we're going to need some of the old, traditional energy sources as we're developing these new ones and ramping them up. So we can't overnight convert to an all-solar or an all-wind economy. That just can't happen. We're going to have needs in these traditional sources. 同样正确的是，考虑到我们的能源需求——为了维持经济增长、创造就业、确保我国企业在全球具有竞争力——在我们开发并扩大这些新能源的同时，我们仍将需要一些传统的旧能源。所以我们无法一夜之间转型为全太阳能或全风能经济。那是不可能的。我们对这些传统能源仍有需求。
And so the question then is, are we going to be able to put together a package that includes safe, secure nuclear power; that includes new technologies so that we can use coal -- which we have in abundance and is very cheap, but often is adding to our greenhouse gases -- can we find sequestration technologies that clean that up; can we identify opportunities to increase our oil and natural gas production in a way that is environmentally sustainable? And that should be part of a package with our development of clean energy. 因此问题就变成了：我们能否组装一揽子方案，既包括安全可靠的核能；也包括新技术，让我们能够使用煤炭——我们储量丰富且价格低廉，但常常增加温室气体排放——我们能否找到碳封存技术来净化它；我们能否找到以环境可持续的方式增加石油和天然气产量的机会？这应当与我们发展清洁能源一并纳入一揽子方案。
And my hope is that my Republican friends, but also Democrats, say to themselves, let's be practical and let's do both. Let's not just do one or the other; let's do both. Over time I think the transition is going to be more and more clean energy and over time fossil fuels become less prominent in our overall energy mix. But we've got to do both. 我希望我的共和党朋友，也包括民主党人，会对自己说：让我们务实一些，两者都做。我们不要只做其中之一，而是两者都做。我认为随着时间推移，转型将越来越倾向于清洁能源，化石燃料在我们的整体能源结构中将逐渐变得不那么重要。但我们必须两者都做。
Question: How confident are you there will be that kind of consensus for that double-edged approach? 提问：你对这种双管齐下方式能够达成那种共识有多大信心？
President Obama: I am just a eternal optimist -- and so -- it's the right thing to do. And all I can do is just to keep on making the argument about what's right for the country and assume that over time people, regardless of party, regardless of their particular political positions, are going to gravitate towards the truth. Okay? 奥巴马总统：我就是一个永远的乐观主义者——所以——这是正确的事。我所能做的就是不断阐述什么对国家是对的，并相信随着时间推移，人们无论党派、无论其具体政治立场，都会被真理所吸引。明白吗？
I'm going to take two more. Let's see -- 我再回答两个问题。让我看看——
Question: How about the back? 提问：后排怎么样？
President Obama: Well, I just want to make sure that I was getting a balance here, so -- go ahead, Chuck. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我只是想确保均衡一下，所以——请说，查克。
Question: Awwww -- 提问：啊——
President Obama: Why is everybody moaning about Todd? 奥巴马总统：为什么大家都在抱怨托德？
Question: He's too good. His questions are too precise. 提问：他太厉害了。他的问题太精准了。
Question: Iran -- we got the news today that they're doing more of these -- trying to enhance this uranium even more. Obviously Secretary Gates today in Paris was quoted as saying basically the dialogue seems to be over and now the question is sanctions. Where are we on sanctions? How close is this? I know you had sort of an end-of-the-year deadline when you stood up there with Sarkozy and Brown. It's now February. How quickly is this moving along? 提问：伊朗——我们今天得到的消息是他们在做更多此类动作——试图进一步提升浓缩铀。显然盖茨部长今天在巴黎被引述说，对话似乎已经结束，现在的问题是制裁。我们在制裁方面进展如何？还有多近？我知道你当时和萨科齐、布朗一起站在那里时设定了某种年底期限。现在是二月了。这事推进得有多快？
President Obama: Well, it's moving along fairly quickly. I think that we have bent over backwards to say to the Islamic Republic of Iran that we are willing to have a constructive conversation about how they can align themselves with international norms and rules and reenter as full members of the international community. 奥巴马总统：嗯，进展相当快。我认为我们已经竭尽全力向伊朗伊斯兰共和国表示，我们愿意进行建设性对话，讨论他们如何与国际规范和规则接轨，并重新成为国际社会的正式成员。
The most obvious attempt was when we gave them an offer that said we are going to provide the conversion of some of the low-enriched uranium that they already have into the isotopes that they need for their medical research and for hospitals that would serve up to a million Iranian citizens. They rejected it -- although one of the difficulties in dealing with Iran over the last several months is it's not always clear who's speaking on behalf of the government, and we get a lot of different, mixed signals. 最明显的一次努力是我们给他们提供了一个方案，表示我们愿意将他们已有的低浓缩铀转化为他们医疗研究以及服务于多达一百万伊朗公民的医院所需的同位素。他们拒绝了——尽管过去几个月与伊朗打交道的一个困难是，并不总是清楚谁在代表政府发言，我们收到了许多不同、混乱的信号。
But what's clear is, is that they have not said yes to an agreement that Russia, China, Germany, France, Great Britain and the United States all said was a good deal, and that the director of the IAEA said was the right thing to do and that Iran should accept. 但明确的是，他们对一份俄罗斯、中国、德国、法国、英国和美国都认为是好协议的方案没有表示同意，而国际原子能机构总干事也表示这是正确之举、伊朗应当接受。
That indicates to us that, despite their posturing that their nuclear power is only for civilian use, that they in fact continue to pursue a course that would lead to weaponization. And that is not acceptable to the international community, not just to the United States. So what we've said from the start was we're moving on dual tracks. If you want to accept the kinds of agreements with the international community that lead you down a path of being a member of good standing, then we welcome you. If not -- 这向我们表明，尽管他们声称其核项目仅用于民用，但实际上他们仍在继续追求一条通向核武化的道路。这在国际社会看来是不可接受的，不仅仅是美国。所以我们从一开始就说，我们在两条轨道上推进。如果你想接受与国际社会达成的协议，走上成为良好成员的道路，那么我们欢迎你。如果不——
Question: Haven't they responded, though? I mean, by deciding to do what they did, with these -- 提问：但他们不是已经回应了吗？我是说，通过决定做他们所做的那些——
President Obama: Well, I'm getting to that. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我正要说到这点。
Question: Okay. 提问：好的。
President Obama: And if not, then the next step is sanctions. They have made their choice so far, although the door is still open. And what we are going to be working on over the next several weeks is developing a significant regime of sanctions that will indicate to them how isolated they are from the international community as a whole. 奥巴马总统：如果不接受，那么下一步就是制裁。到目前为止他们已做出了选择，尽管大门仍然敞开。我们未来几周将要做的是制定一项重大制裁体系，向他们表明他们在整个国际社会中是多么孤立。
Question: What do you mean by "regime of sanctions"? 提问：你说的"制裁体系"是什么意思？
President Obama: Well, meaning that there's going to be a -- 奥巴马总统：嗯，意思是将会有一套——
Question: Some will be U.N. and some will be -- 提问：有些是联合国的，有些是——
President Obama: We are going to be looking at a variety of ways in which countries indicate to Iran that their approach is unacceptable. And the U.N. will be one aspect of that broader effort. 奥巴马总统：我们将研究各国向伊朗表明其做法不可接受的各种方式。联合国将是这一更广泛努力的一个方面。
Question: China will be there? You're confident? 提问：中国会参与吗？你有信心吗？
President Obama: Well, the -- we are confident right now that the international community is unified around Iran's misbehavior in this area. How China operates at the Security Council as we pursue sanctions is something that we're going to have to see. One thing I'm pleased about is to see how forward-leaning the Russians have been on this issue. I think they clearly have seen that Iran hasn't been serious about solving what is a solvable dispute between Iran and the international community. 奥巴马总统：嗯——目前我们相信国际社会在伊朗这一领域的违规行为上是团结一致的。在我们推进制裁时，中国将在安理会作何表现，我们还需观察。令我高兴的一件事是看到俄罗斯在这个问题上多么积极主动。我认为他们显然已经看到，伊朗并没有认真对待解决这场本可解决的伊朗与国际社会之间的争端。
All right? I'm going to make this the last question. And I'll take somebody from the back -- yes. 好了吗？我把这作为最后一个问题。我请后排的某位——好。
Question: Me? 提问：我吗？
President Obama: Yes. 奥巴马总统：是的。
Question: Thanks for doing this. It's been a while. On health care, the Republicans are asking whether the February 25th session will include economists and public interest groups and people supporting your side, or will it just be the members of Congress? And on Anthem Blue Cross, do you have the authority to go in and tell a private company they can't charge that -- how will you stop them? 提问：感谢你这样做。已经有一阵子了。关于医疗改革，共和党人在问2月25日的会议是否会包括经济学家、公共利益团体以及支持你一方的人，还是只有国会议员参加？关于Anthem Blue Cross，你是否有权介入并告诉一家私人公司他们不能收取那样的费用——你将如何阻止他们？
President Obama: Well, I don't have the authority as I understand it -- I can't simply issue an executive order lowering everybody's rates. If I could I would have done that already and saved myself a lot of grief on Capitol Hill. That's why reform is so important. That's why the status quo is unacceptable. 奥巴马总统：嗯，据我所知我没有这个权力——我不能简单地签署一项行政命令来降低所有人的费率。如果可以的话，我早就这么做了，也能省去在国会山遇到的许多麻烦。正因如此改革才如此重要。正因如此现状才不可接受。
But there is no shortcut in dealing with this issue. I know the American people get frustrated in debating something like health care because you get a whole bunch of different claims being made by different groups and different interests. It is a big, complicated, tough issue. But what is also true is that without some action on the part of Congress, it is very unlikely that we see any improvement over the current trajectory. And the current trajectory is premiums keep on going up 10, 15, 20, 30 percent. The current trajectory is more and more people are losing health care. 但在这个问题上没有捷径。我知道美国人民在辩论医疗改革这样的事情时会感到沮丧，因为你会听到不同团体和不同利益方提出一大堆不同的主张。这是一个庞大、复杂、棘手的问题。但同样真实的是，如果国会不采取某种行动，我们几乎不可能看到当前轨迹有任何改善。而当前轨迹就是保费持续上涨10%、15%、20%、30%。当前轨迹就是越来越多的人失去医疗保险。
I don't know if people noted, because during the health care debate everybody was saying the President is trying to take over -- a government takeover of health care. I don't know if anybody noticed that for the first time this year you saw more people getting health care from government than you did from the private sector -- not because of anything we did, but because more and more people are losing their health care from their employers. It's becoming unaffordable. That's what we're trying to prevent. 我不知道人们是否注意到，因为在医改辩论期间大家都在说总统试图接管——政府对医疗的接管。我不知道是否有人注意到，今年首次有更多人从政府而非私营部门获得医疗保险——这并非因为我们做了什么，而是因为越来越多人正在失去雇主的医疗保险。它正变得让人买不起。这正是我们试图阻止的。
We want people to be able to get health care from their employers. But we also understand that you've got to fix the system so that people are able to get it at affordable rates and small businesses can afford to give their employees insurance at an affordable rate. And that's not happening right now. 我们希望人们能从雇主那里获得医疗保险。但我们也明白必须改革这个体系，让人们能够以可负担的费率获得保险，让小企业也能以可负担的费率为员工提供保险。而现在这并没有发生。
To your question about the 25th, my hope is that this doesn't end up being political theater, as I think some of you have phrased it. I want a substantive discussion. We haven't refined exactly how the agenda is going to go that day. We want to talk with both the Democratic and Republican leaders to find out what they think would be most useful. I do want to make sure that there's some people like the Congressional Budget Office, for example, that are considered non-partisan, who can answer questions. 关于你问的25日的问题，我希望这不会变成政治表演——我记得你们中有人这样表述过。我想要的是实质性讨论。我们还没有细化那天的议程将如何进行。我们希望与民主、共和两党领导层交流，了解他们认为什么最有用。我确实希望确保有一些像国会预算办公室这样被视为无党派的人士到场，能够回答问题。
In this whole health care debate I'm reminded of the story that was told about Senator Moynihan, who was I guess in an argument with one of his colleagues, and his colleague was losing the argument so he got a little flustered and said to Senator Moynihan, "Well, I'm entitled to my own opinion." And Senator Moynihan said, "Well, you're entitled to your own opinion, but you're not entitled to your own facts." I think that's the key to a successful dialogue on the 25th or on health care. 在这场医改辩论中，我想起了一个关于莫伊尼汉参议员的故事，据说他与一位同事争论时，那位同事因为辩不过，有点慌张地对莫伊尼汉参议员说："好吧，我有权持有自己的观点。"莫伊尼汉参议员说："嗯，你有权持有自己的观点，但你无权捏造自己的事实。"我认为这是25日会议或医改辩论取得成功对话的关键。
Let's establish some common facts. Let's establish what the issues are, what the problems are, and let's test out in front of the American people what ideas work and what ideas don't. And if we can establish that factual accuracy about how different approaches would work, then I think we can make some progress. 让我们确立一些共同的事实。让我们厘清议题是什么、问题是什么，并在美国人民面前检验哪些想法行得通、哪些行不通。如果我们能够就不同方案如何运作确立事实准确性，那么我认为我们就能取得一些进展。
And it may be that some of the facts that come up are ones that make my party a little bit uncomfortable. So if it's established that by working seriously on medical malpractice and tort reform that we can reduce some of those costs, I've said from the beginning of this debate I'd be willing to work on that. On the other hand, if I'm told that that is only a fraction of the problem and that is not the biggest driver of health care costs, then I'm also going to insist, okay, let's look at that as one aspect of it, but what else are we willing to do? 而且可能出现一些让我党有些不舒服的事实。所以如果证实通过认真处理医疗事故和侵权改革可以降低部分成本，我从这场辩论一开始就说过我愿意着手处理。但另一方面，如果有人告诉我那只是问题的一小部分、并不是医疗成本的最大驱动因素，那么我也将坚持：好吧，让我们把它作为问题的一个方面来看待，那我们还愿意做些什么？
And this is where it gets back to the point I was making earlier. Bipartisanship cannot mean simply that Democrats give up everything that they believe in, find the handful of things that Republicans have been advocating for and we do those things, and then we have bipartisanship. That's not how it works in any other realm of life. 这就回到了我之前所讲的那一点。两党合作不能简单地意味着民主党放弃他们所信仰的一切，挑出共和党一直主张的几件事来做，然后我们就称之为两党合作。在任何其他生活领域都不是这样运作的。
That's certainly not how it works in my marriage with Michelle, although I usually do give in most of the time. But the -- there's got to be some give and take, and that's what I'm hoping can be accomplished. And I'm confident that's what the American people are looking for. 在我和米歇尔的婚姻中当然也不是这样运作的——尽管我通常确实大多数时候都会让步。但是——必须要有来有往，这就是我希望能够达成的。我也有信心这正是美国人民所期待的。
So, all right? 那么，好了吗？
Question: Jobs question? 提问：就业问题？
President Obama: Okay, since there wasn't a jobs question -- 奥巴马总统：好吧，既然没有就业问题——
Question: Well, I just -- 提问：嗯，我只是——
President Obama: I'll make this the last one, jobs question. 奥巴马总统：我把这作为最后一个问题，就业问题。
Question: At the stakeout, the Republicans were saying, well, the jobs package we've seen, it's not really ready yet, we're a little worried about the cost. Are you satisfied that there is something that can be quickly moved through Congress on jobs? 提问：在会场外，共和党人说，嗯，我们看到的就业方案，其实还没准备好，我们对成本有点担心。你是否满意有某种东西可以快速在国会推进以解决就业？
President Obama: Well, my understanding is -- first of all, the House has moved forward a jobs package that has some good elements in it. My understanding is, is that there is bipartisan talks taking place as we speak on the Senate side about some elements of a package. 奥巴马总统：嗯，我的理解是——首先，众议院已经推进了一项包含一些好元素的就业方案。我的理解是，就在我们说话的时候，参议院方面正在进行两党谈判，讨论一揽子方案的一些要素。
I think there are some things that a lot of people agree on. Just to give you an example, the idea of eliminating capital gains for small businesses -- something we can all agree on. I talked about it at the State of the Union address. My hope would be that we would all agree on a mechanism to get community banks who are lending to small businesses more capital, because that is something that I keep on hearing is one of the biggest problems that small businesses have out there. 我认为有一些事情是许多人都能同意的。举个例子，取消小企业资本利得税的想法——这是大家都能同意的。我在国情咨文中讲过。我希望我们都能就一种机制达成共识，让那些向小企业放贷的社区银行获得更多资本，因为这是我不断听到的、小企业面临的最大问题之一。
So I think that it's realistic for us to get a package moving quickly that may not include all the things I think need to be done, and it may be that that first package builds some trust and confidence that Democrats and Republicans on Capitol Hill can work together and then we move on to the next aspect of the package and so forth. 所以我认为，我们能够迅速推进一项方案是现实的——它可能不包括我认为需要做的所有事情，而且可能第一项方案会建立一些信任和信心，让国会山的民主党人和共和党人能够合作，然后我们再进入方案的下一部分，依此类推。
It may take a series of incremental steps, but the one thing I'm absolutely clear about is, is that we've got an economy that's growing right now, a huge boost in productivity -- that's the good news. The bad news is, is that companies still haven't taken that final step in actually putting people on their payroll full-time. 这可能需要一系列渐进的步骤，但我绝对清楚的一件事是，我们现在有一个正在增长的经济，生产率大幅提升——这是好消息。坏消息是，企业仍未迈出最后一步，真正让员工成为全职正式员工。
We're seeing an increase in temporary workers, but they haven't yet taken on that full-time worker. And so providing some additional impetus to them, right as the economy is moving in a positive direction, I think can end up yielding some good results. 我们看到临时工数量有所增加，但他们还没有雇用全职员工。因此，在经济朝积极方向发展的当下，为他们提供一些额外推动力，我认为最终能产生一些好结果。
All right? Thank you, guys. That was pretty good, thanks. 好了吗？谢谢大家。这场记者会还不错，谢谢。