Good afternoon, everybody. Happy Friday. I thought I’d take some questions, but first, let me say a few words about the economy. 大家下午好，星期五愉快。我本来想回答几个问题，但先谈几句经济。
This morning, we learned that our economy created over 200,000 new jobs in July. That’s on top of about 300,000 new jobs in June. So we are now in a six-month streak with at least 200,000 new jobs each month. That's the first time that has happened since 1997. Over the past year, we’ve added more jobs than any year since 2006. And all told, our businesses have created 9.9 million new jobs over the past 53 months. That's the longest streak of private sector job creation in our history. 今天早上我们得知，经济在七月新增二十多万个就业岗位，六月还新增约三十万个。现在我们已连续六个月每月新增至少二十万个岗位，这是1997年以来首次。过去一年新增就业超过2006年以来任何一年；总计过去53个月新增990万个岗位，创下我国私营部门就业增长最长纪录。
And as we saw on Wednesday, the economy grew at a strong pace in the spring. Companies are investing. Consumers are spending. American manufacturing, energy, technology, autos -- all are booming. And thanks to the decisions that we’ve made, and the grit and resilience of the American people, we’ve recovered faster and come farther from the recession than almost any other advanced country on Earth. 正如周三所见，经济在春季强劲增长。企业在投资，消费者在消费，美国制造业、能源、科技和汽车业都在蓬勃发展。由于我们作出的决定以及美国人民的坚韧，我们比世界上几乎所有发达国家更快、更远地走出了衰退。
So the good news is the economy clearly is getting stronger. Things are getting better. Our engines are revving a little bit louder. And the decisions that we make right now can sustain and keep that growth and momentum going. 好消息是经济显然正在增强，形势正在好转，我们的引擎转得更响。现在作出的决定可以维持增长和势头。
Unfortunately, there are a series of steps that we could be taking to maintain momentum, and perhaps even accelerate it; there are steps that we could be taking that would result in more job growth, higher wages, higher incomes, more relief for middle-class families. And so far, at least, in Congress, we have not seen them willing or able to take those steps. 遗憾的是，我们本可采取一系列措施维持甚至加速势头，创造更多就业、提高工资和收入、减轻中产家庭负担；但到目前为止，国会既没有表现出愿意也没有能力采取这些措施。
I've been pushing for common-sense ideas like rebuilding our infrastructure in ways that are sustained over many years and support millions of good jobs and help businesses compete. I've been advocating on behalf of raising the minimum wage, making it easier for working folks to pay off their student loans; fair pay, paid leave. All these policies have two things in common: All of them would help working families feel more stable and secure, and all of them so far have been blocked or ignored by Republicans in Congress. 我一直推动常识性的想法，例如以多年持续的方式重建基础设施，支持数百万优质工作并帮助企业竞争；我倡导提高最低工资、帮助劳动者偿还学生贷款、实行同工同酬和带薪休假。这些政策有两个共同点：都能让劳动家庭更稳定、更有安全感，而迄今都被国会共和党人阻挠或忽视。
That’s why my administration keeps taking whatever actions we can take on our own to help working families. 因此，我的政府继续自行采取能够帮助劳动家庭的行动。
Now, it’s good that Congress was able to pass legislation to strengthen the VA. And I want to thank the chairmen and ranking members who were involved in that. It's good that Congress was able to at least fund transportation projects for a few more months before leaving town -- although it falls far short of the kind of infrastructure effort that we need that would actually accelerate the economy. But for the most part, the big-ticket items, the things that would really make a difference in the lives of middle-class families, those things just are not getting done. 国会通过加强退伍军人事务部的立法是好事，我感谢参与其中的委员会主席和首席少数党议员。国会至少在离开华盛顿前为交通项目提供了几个月资金，这也不错，但远不足以真正加速经济所需的基础设施投入。总体而言，那些真正能改变中产家庭生活的大项目仍未完成。
Let’s just take a recent example: Immigration. We all agree that there’s a problem that needs to be solved in a portion of our southern border. And we even agree on most of the solutions. But instead of working together -- instead of focusing on the 80 percent where there is agreement between Democrats and Republicans, between the administration and Congress -- House Republicans, as we speak, are trying to pass the most extreme and unworkable versions of a bill that they already know is going nowhere, that can't pass the Senate and that if it were to pass the Senate I would veto. They know it. 以移民为例。我们都同意南部边境部分地区存在需要解决的问题，也同意大多数解决办法。但众议院共和党人没有共同努力、没有聚焦民主党与共和党及政府与国会之间已经达成共识的百分之八十，而是在推动最极端、不可行的法案版本；他们知道法案过不了参议院，即使通过我也会否决。
They’re not even trying to actually solve the problem. This is a message bill that they couldn't quite pull off yesterday, so they made it a little more extreme so maybe they can pass it today -- just so they can check a box before they’re leaving town for a month. And this is on an issue that they all insisted had to be a top priority. 他们甚至没有真正解决问题，而是在推动一项姿态法案：昨天没能通过，今天就把它弄得更极端，只为在离开一个月前打勾了事；这还是他们都声称必须优先处理的问题。
Now, our efforts administratively so far have helped to slow the tide of child migrants trying to come to our country. But without additional resources and help from Congress, we're just not going to have the resources we need to fully solve the problem. That means while they’re out on vacation I'm going to have to make some tough choices to meet the challenge -- with or without Congress. 到目前为止，我们的行政措施帮助减缓了试图来我国的儿童移民潮。但没有国会的额外资源和帮助，我们没有完全解决问题所需的资源。也就是说，在他们休假期间，我将不得不无论有无国会支持作出艰难选择应对挑战。
And yesterday, even though they’ve been sitting on a bipartisan immigration bill for over a year, House Republicans suggested that since they don't expect to actually pass a bill that I can sign, that I actually should go ahead and act on my own to solve the problem. Keep in mind that just a few days earlier, they voted to sue me for acting on my own. And then when they couldn’t pass a bill yesterday, they put out a statement suggesting I should act on my own because they couldn't pass a bill. 昨天，众议院共和党人把两党移民法案搁置了一年多，却说既然不指望通过我能签署的法案，我就该自行行动解决问题。请记住，就在几天前，他们还投票要起诉我自行行动；昨天无法通过法案后，却发表声明要我自行行动。
So immigration has not gotten done. A student loan bill that would help folks who have student loan debt consolidate and refinance at lower rates -- that didn’t pass. The transportation bill that they did pass just gets us through the spring, when we should actually be planning years in advance. States and businesses are raising the minimum wage for their workers because this Congress is failing to do so. 所以移民问题没有解决。帮助学生贷款债务者合并并以较低利率再融资的法案没有通过；交通法案只让我们撑到春季，而我们本应提前数年规划。由于本届国会不作为，各州和企业正在为工人提高最低工资。
Even basic things like approving career diplomats for critical ambassadorial posts aren't getting done. Last night, for purely political reasons, Senate Republicans, for a certain period of time, blocked our new ambassador to Russia. It raised such an uproar that finally they went ahead and let our Russian ambassador pass -- at a time when we are dealing every day with the crisis in Ukraine. 即使是批准关键大使职位的职业外交官也做不到。昨晚，参议院共和党人纯粹出于政治原因一度阻挡我们驻俄大使；引发强烈抗议后，他们终于放行，而我们每天都在应对乌克兰危机。
They’re still blocking our ambassador to Sierra Leone, where there’s currently an Ebola outbreak. They’re blocking our ambassador to Guatemala, even as they demand that we do more to stop the flow of unaccompanied children from Guatemala. There are a lot of things that we could be arguing about on policy -- that's what we should be doing as a democracy -- but we shouldn’t be having an argument about placing career diplomats with bipartisan support in countries around the world where we have to have a presence. 他们仍阻挡驻塞拉利昂大使，那里正爆发埃博拉疫情；也阻挡驻危地马拉大使，同时又要求我们阻止来自危地马拉的无人陪伴儿童。民主社会应争论政策，但不应争论是否让获两党支持的职业外交官在世界各国任职。
So the bottom line is this: We have come a long way over the last five and a half years. Our challenges are nowhere near as daunting as they were when I first came into office. But the American people demand and deserve a strong and focused effort on the part of all of us to keep moving the country forward and to focus on their concerns. And the fact is we could be much further along and we could be doing even better, and the economy could be even stronger, and more jobs could be created if Congress would do the job that the people sent them here to do. 归根结底，过去五年半我们已经走了很远。我上任时的挑战远比现在艰巨，但美国人民要求并应得我们共同作出强有力、专注的努力继续推动国家前进、回应他们的关切。事实上，如果国会履行人民赋予它的职责，我们本可走得更远、做得更好，经济更强并创造更多就业。
And I will not stop trying to work with both parties to get things moving faster for middle-class families and those trying to get into the middle class. When Congress returns next month, my hope is, is that instead of simply trying to pass partisan message bills on party lines that don't actually solve problems, they’re going to be willing to come together to at least focus on some key areas where there’s broad agreement. After all that we've had to overcome, our Congress should stop standing in the way of our country’s success. 我不会停止与两党合作，让中产家庭和努力进入中产的人更快前进。国会下月复会时，我希望他们不再只按党派推动不能解决问题的姿态法案，而是至少在广泛共识的关键领域合作。经历了我们共同克服的种种困难之后，国会应停止阻碍国家成功。
So with that, let me take a couple of questions. And I will start with Roberta Rampton of Reuters. 下面我回答几个问题，先请路透社的罗伯塔·兰普顿。
Question: Thanks. I want to ask about the situation in the Middle East. And why do you think Israel should embrace a cease-fire in Gaza when one of its soldiers appears to have been abducted and when Hamas continues to use its network of tunnels to launch attacks? And also, have you seen Israel act at all on your call to do more to protect civilians? 提问：我想问中东局势。以色列一名士兵似乎被绑架、哈马斯继续利用隧道发动袭击，您为何认为以色列应接受加沙停火？您是否看到以色列采取更多措施保护平民？
President Obama: Well, first of all, I think it's important to note that we have -- and I have -- unequivocally condemned Hamas and the Palestinian factions that were responsible for killing two Israeli soldiers and abducting a third almost minutes after a cease-fire had been announced. And the U.N. has condemned them as well. 奥巴马总统：首先，我和我们都毫不含糊地谴责哈马斯及巴勒斯坦派别，他们在宣布停火几分钟后杀害两名以色列士兵并绑架第三人，联合国也谴责了他们。
And I want to make sure that they are listening: If they are serious about trying to resolve this situation, that soldier needs to be unconditionally released as soon as possible. 我要确保他们听到：如果他们真诚希望解决局势，就必须尽快无条件释放那名士兵。
I have been very clear throughout this crisis that Israel has a right to defend itself. No country can tolerate missiles raining down on its cities and people having to rush to bomb shelters every 20 minutes or half hour. No country can or would tolerate tunnels being dug under their land that can be used to launch terrorist attacks. 在整个危机中我一直明确，以色列有权自卫。任何国家都无法容忍导弹落在城市、民众每二三十分钟就要冲进防空洞；也无法容忍在本国地下挖掘可用于恐怖袭击的隧道。
And so, not only have we been supportive of Israel in its right to defend itself, but in very concrete terms -- for example, in support for the Iron Dome program that has intercepted rockets that are firing down on Israeli cities -- we've been trying to cooperate as much as we can to make sure that Israel is able to protect its citizens. 我们不仅支持以色列自卫权，还以具体行动合作，例如支持拦截射向以色列城市火箭弹的“铁穹”系统，尽力确保以色列保护公民。
Now, at the same time, we've also been clear that innocent civilians in Gaza caught in the crossfire have to weigh on our conscience and we have to do more to protect them. A cease-fire was one way in which we could stop the killing, to step back and to try to resolve some of the underlying issues that have been building up over quite some time. Israel committed to that 72-hour cease-fire, and it was violated. And trying to put that back together is going to be challenging, but we will continue to make those efforts. 同时我们也明确，加沙交火中的无辜平民必须牵动我们的良知，我们必须加强保护。停火可以停止杀戮、暂时后退并解决长期积累的根本问题。以色列同意了72小时停火，但停火被违反；重新促成停火会很难，我们仍会努力。
And let me take this opportunity, by the way, to give Secretary John Kerry credit. He has been persistent. He has worked very hard. He has endured on many occasions really unfair criticism simply to try to get to the point where the killing stops and the underlying issues about Israel’s security but also the concerns of Palestinians in Gaza can be addressed. 我也借此机会肯定国务卿约翰·克里。他坚持不懈、非常努力，多次承受不公平批评，只为让杀戮停止，并处理以色列安全和加沙巴勒斯坦人关切这些根本问题。
We're going to keep working towards that. It's going to take some time. I think it's going to be very hard to put a cease-fire back together again if Israelis and the international community can't feel confident that Hamas can follow through on a cease-fire commitment. 我们会继续推动，这需要时间。如果以色列人和国际社会无法相信哈马斯会履行停火承诺，重新达成停火将非常困难。
And it's not particularly relevant whether a particular leader in Hamas ordered this abduction. The point is, is that when they sign onto a cease-fire they’re claiming to speak for all the Palestinian factions. And if they don't have control of them, and just moments after a cease-fire is signed you have Israeli soldiers being killed and captured, then it's hard for the Israelis to feel confident that a cease-fire can actually be honored. 究竟是哪一名哈马斯领导人下令绑架并不重要；他们签署停火时声称代表所有巴勒斯坦派别。如果他们无法控制这些派别，停火刚签署就有以色列士兵被杀被俘，以色列很难相信停火能得到遵守。
I'm in constant consultation with Prime Minister Netanyahu. Our national security team is in constant communication with the Israel military. I want to see everything possible done to make sure that Palestinian civilians are not being killed. And it is heartbreaking to see what’s happening there, and I think many of us recognize the dilemma we have. On the one hand, Israel has a right to defend itself and it's got to be able to get at those rockets and those tunnel networks. 我一直与内塔尼亚胡总理磋商，国家安全团队也一直与以色列军方沟通。我希望尽一切可能避免巴勒斯坦平民被杀。看到那里发生的一切令人心碎，我们理解其中的两难：以色列有权自卫，必须摧毁火箭和隧道网络。
On the other hand, because of the incredibly irresponsible actions on the part of Hamas to oftentimes house these rocket launchers right in the middle of civilian neighborhoods, we end up seeing people who had nothing to do with these rockets ending up being hurt. 另一方面，哈马斯极不负责任，常把火箭发射器设在平民社区中央，结果与火箭无关的人受到伤害。
Part of the reason why we've been pushing so hard for a cease-fire is precisely because it's hard to reconcile Israel’s legitimate need to defend itself with our concern with those civilians. And if we can pause the fighting, then it's possible that we may be able to arrive at a formula that spares lives and also ensures Israel’s security. But it's difficult. And I don't think we should pretend otherwise. 我们之所以大力推动停火，正是因为难以同时平衡以色列合法自卫需要与对平民的关切。若能暂停战斗，就可能找到既挽救生命又确保以色列安全的方案，但这很难，不能假装容易。
Bill Plante. 比尔·普兰特。
Question: Mr. President, like that cease-fire, you’ve called for diplomatic solutions not only in Israel and Gaza but also in Ukraine, in Iraq, to very little effect so far. Has the United States of America lost its influence in the world? Have you lost yours? 提问：总统先生，您不仅在以色列和加沙，也在乌克兰和伊拉克呼吁外交解决，却收效甚微。美国是否失去世界影响力？您是否失去影响力？
President Obama: Look, this is a common theme that folks bring up. Apparently people have forgotten that America, as the most powerful country on Earth, still does not control everything around the world. And so our diplomatic efforts often take time. They often will see progress and then a step backwards. That’s been true in the Middle East. That’s been true in Europe. That’s been true in Asia. That’s the nature of world affairs. It’s not neat, and it’s not smooth. 奥巴马总统：这是人们常提的主题。大家似乎忘了，美国虽是地球上最强国家，也不能控制世界一切。外交努力往往需要时间，会前进又后退；中东、欧洲、亚洲都如此。这就是国际事务的本质，它不整齐也不顺利。
But if you look at, for example, Ukraine, we have made progress in delivering on what we said we would do. We can’t control how Mr. Putin thinks. But what we can do is say to Mr. Putin, if you continue on the path of arming separatists with heavy armaments that the evidence suggests may have resulted in 300 innocent people on a jet dying, and that violates international law and undermines the integrity -- territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine, then you’re going to face consequences that will hurt your country. 以乌克兰为例，我们在履行承诺方面取得进展。我们无法控制普京先生的想法，但可以告诉他：若继续用重武器武装分裂分子，而证据显示这可能导致客机上300名无辜者死亡，违反国际法、破坏乌克兰领土完整和主权，就会面临损害本国的后果。
And there was a lot of skepticism about our ability to coordinate with Europeans for a strong series of sanctions. And each time we have done what we said we would do, including this week, when we put in place sanctions that have an impact on key sectors of the Russian economy -- their energy, their defense, their financial systems. 很多人怀疑我们能否与欧洲协调强有力的制裁，但每次我们都履行所说的话，包括本周对俄罗斯能源、国防和金融系统等关键经济部门实施有影响的制裁。
It hasn’t resolved the problem yet. I spoke to Mr. Putin this morning, and I indicated to him, just as we will do what we say we do in terms of sanctions, we’ll also do what we say we do in terms of wanting to resolve this issue diplomatically if he takes a different position. If he respects and honors the right of Ukrainians to determine their own destiny, then it’s possible to make sure that Russian interests are addressed that are legitimate, and that Ukrainians are able to make their own decisions, and we can resolve this conflict and end some of the bloodshed. 问题尚未解决。我今天早上与普京通话，告诉他我们会执行制裁承诺，也会在他改变立场时履行通过外交解决问题的承诺。若他尊重乌克兰人民决定自身命运的权利，就能兼顾合理的俄罗斯利益，让乌克兰作出自己的决定，解决冲突并结束部分流血。
But the point is, though, Bill, that if you look at the 20th century and the early part of this century, there are a lot of conflicts that America doesn’t resolve. That’s always been true. That doesn’t mean we stop trying. And it’s not a measure of American influence on any given day or at any given moment that there are conflicts around the world that are difficult. The conflict in Northern Ireland raged for a very, very long time until finally something broke, where the parties decided that it wasn’t worth killing each other. 比尔，关键是回顾二十世纪和本世纪初，很多冲突美国都无法解决，这一直如此，但我们不会停止努力。不能仅凭某一天、某一刻世界上存在难以解决的冲突，就衡量美国的影响力。北爱尔兰冲突长期肆虐，直到各方决定彼此杀戮不值得。
The Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been going on even longer than you’ve been reporting. And I don’t think at any point was there a suggestion somehow that America didn’t have influence just because we weren’t able to finalize an Israeli-Palestinian peace deal. 巴以冲突存在的时间甚至比你的记者生涯更久。不能因为我们没能完成巴以和平协议，就说美国没有影响力。
You will recall that situations like Kosovo and Bosnia raged on for quite some time, and there was a lot more death and bloodshed than there has been so far in the Ukrainian situation before it ultimately did get resolved. 你会记得科索沃和波斯尼亚的局势也持续很久，在最终解决前的死亡和流血远多于乌克兰目前的情况。
And so I recognize with so many different issues popping up around the world, sometimes it may seem as if this is an aberration or it’s unusual. But the truth of the matter is, is that there’s a big world out there, and that as indispensable as we are to try to lead it, there’s still going to be tragedies out there and there are going to be conflicts. 世界各地同时出现许多问题，可能让人以为这是反常；但事实是世界很大，即使美国必须领导，仍会有悲剧和冲突。
And our job is to just make sure that we continue to project what’s right, what’s just, and that we’re building coalitions of like-minded countries and partners in order to advance not only our core security interests but also the interests of the world as a whole. 我们的职责是继续展现正确与正义，建立志同道合国家和伙伴的联盟，推进核心安全利益以及全世界的利益。
Question: Do you think you could have done more? 提问：您认为自己本可以做得更多吗？
President Obama: On which one? 奥巴马总统：哪一项？
Question: On any of them? Ukraine? 提问：任何一项？乌克兰？
President Obama: Well look, I think, Bill, that the nature of being President is that you’re always asking yourself what more can you do. But with respect to, let’s say, the Israeli-Palestinian issue, this administration invested an enormous amount to try to bring the parties together around a framework for peace and a two-state solution. John Kerry invested an enormous amount of time. In the end, it’s up to the two parties to make a decision. We can lead them to resolve some of the technical issues and to show them a path, but they’ve got to want it. 奥巴马总统：总统总会问自己还能做什么。以巴问题上，本届政府投入巨大努力，试图让双方围绕和平框架和两国方案走到一起，约翰·克里也投入大量时间。最终决定权在双方，我们能引导他们解决技术问题、展示道路，但他们必须自己想要和平。
With respect to Ukraine, I think that we have done everything that we can to support the Ukrainian government and to deter Russia from moving further into Ukraine. But short of going to war, there are going to be some constraints in terms of what we can do if President Putin and Russia are ignoring what should be their long-term interests. 关于乌克兰，我们已尽力支持乌克兰政府，遏制俄罗斯进一步进入乌克兰。除非开战，如果普京总统和俄罗斯无视长期利益，我们能做的会受限制。
Right now, what we’ve done is impose sufficient costs on Russia that, objectively speaking, they should -- President Putin should want to resolve this diplomatically, get these sanctions lifted, get their economy growing again, and have good relations with Ukraine. But sometimes people don’t always act rationally, and they don’t always act based on their medium- or long-term interests. That can’t deter us, though. We’ve just got to stay at it. 目前我们已让俄罗斯承担足够代价；客观上，普京总统应希望通过外交解决、解除制裁、恢复经济增长并与乌克兰保持良好关系。但人们有时并不理性，也不总按中长期利益行事，这不能使我们退缩，必须坚持。
Wendell. 温德尔。
Question: Mr. President, Republicans point to some of your executive orders as reason, they say, that they can’t trust you to implement legislation that they pass. Even if you don’t buy that argument, do you hold yourself totally blameless in the inability it appears to reach agreement with the Republican-led House? 提问：共和党人说您的一些行政命令让他们无法信任您执行他们通过的法律。即使您不接受这个论点，您是否认为自己对无法与共和党领导的众议院达成协议完全没有责任？
President Obama: Wendell, let’s just take the recent example of immigration. 奥巴马总统：温德尔，我们就以移民这个近期例子来说。
A bipartisan bill passed out of the Senate, co-sponsored by not just Democrats but some very conservative Republicans who recognize that the system currently is broken and if, in fact we put more resources on the border, provide a path in which those undocumented workers who’ve been living here for a long time and may have ties here are coming out of the shadows, paying their taxes, paying a fine, learning English -- 参议院通过了两党法案，不仅有民主党共同发起，也有认识到制度失灵的保守共和党人共同发起；如果我们加强边境资源，为长期居住且与这里有联系的无证工人提供走出阴影、纳税、缴罚款、学英语的途径；
if we fix the legal immigration system so it’s more efficient, if we are attracting young people who may have studied here to stay here and create jobs here, that that all is going to be good for the economy, it’s going to reduce the deficit, it might have forestalled some of the problems that we’re seeing now in the Rio Grande Valley with these unaccompanied children. 如果我们修复合法移民制度、提高其效率，吸引曾在这里求学的年轻人留下来创造就业，那么经济会受益、赤字会减少，也许还能避免如今里奥格兰德河谷出现的部分无人陪伴儿童问题。
And so we have a bipartisan bill, Wendell, bipartisan agreement supported by everybody from labor to the evangelical community to law enforcement. So the argument isn’t between me and the House Republicans. It’s between the House Republicans and Senate Republicans, and House Republicans and the business community, and House Republicans and the evangelical community. I’m just one of the people they seem to disagree with on this issue. 这是得到劳工、福音派团体和执法部门支持的两党共识。因此争议不是我与众议院共和党人之间，而是众议院共和党人与参议院共和党人、企业界和福音派团体之间；在这个问题上，我只是他们似乎有分歧的人之一。
So that’s on the comprehensive bill. So now we have a short-term crisis with respect to the Rio Grande Valley. They say we need more resources, we need tougher border security in this area where these unaccompanied children are showing up. We agree. So we put forward a supplemental to give us the additional resources and funding to do exactly what they say we should be doing, and they can’t pass the bill. They can’t even pass their own version of the bill. 综合法案如此。现在里奥格兰德河谷出现短期危机，他们说需要更多资源、更严密的边境安全，我们同意，于是提出补充拨款，提供他们要求的资源和资金，但他们无法通过，甚至无法通过自己的版本。
So that’s not a disagreement between me and the House Republicans; that’s a disagreement between the House Republicans and the House Republicans. 所以这不是我与众议院共和党人的分歧，而是众议院共和党人彼此之间的分歧。
The point is that on a range of these issues, whether it’s tax reform, whether it’s reducing the deficit, whether it’s rebuilding our infrastructure, we have consistently put forward proposals that in previous years and previous administrations would not have been considered radical or left wing; they would have been considered pretty sensible, mainstream approaches to solving problems. 在税制改革、削减赤字、重建基础设施等一系列问题上，我们持续提出的方案，在过去年份和历届政府都不会被视为激进或左翼，而是解决问题的合理主流办法。
I include under that, by the way, the Affordable Care Act. That’s a whole other conversation. 顺便说，《平价医疗法》也包括在内，但那是另一场谈话。
And in circumstances where even basic, common-sense, plain, vanilla legislation can’t pass because House Republicans consider it somehow a compromise of their principles, or giving Obama a victory, then we’ve got to take action. Otherwise, we’re not going to be making progress on the things that the American people care about. 当连基本、常识、普通的立法都因众议院共和党人认为是对原则妥协或给奥巴马胜利而无法通过时，我们就必须行动，否则无法在美国人民关心的事情上取得进展。
Question: On the border supplemental -- can you act alone? 提问：关于边境补充拨款，您能单独行动吗？
President Obama: Well, I’m going to have to act alone because we don’t have enough resources. We’ve already been very clear -- we’ve run out of money. And we are going to have to reallocate resources in order to just make sure that some of the basic functions that have to take place down there -- whether it’s making sure that these children are properly housed, or making sure we’ve got enough immigration judges to process their cases -- that those things get done. We’re going to have to reallocate some resources. 奥巴马总统：因为资源不足，我不得不单独行动。我们已经说得很清楚，资金用完了。我们必须重新分配资源，确保那里必须完成的基本工作——妥善安置这些儿童、确保有足够移民法官审理案件——能够完成。
But the broader point, Wendell, is that if, in fact, House Republicans are concerned about me acting independently of Congress -- despite the fact that I’ve taken fewer executive actions than my Republican predecessor or my Democratic predecessor before that, or the Republican predecessor before that -- then the easiest way to solve it is passing legislation. Get things done. 更广泛地说，温德尔，如果众议院共和党人担心我脱离国会独立行动——尽管我采取的行政行动少于前任共和党总统、再前一位民主党总统或更早的共和党总统——最容易的解决办法就是通过立法，把事情做成。
On the supplemental, we agreed on 80 percent of the issues. There were 20 percent of the issues that perhaps there were disagreements between Democrats and Republicans. As I said to one Republican colleague who was down here that I was briefing about some national security issues, why wouldn’t we just go ahead and pass the 80 percent that we agree on and we’ll try to work to resolve the differences on the other 20 percent? Why wouldn’t we do that? And he didn't really have a good answer for it. 关于补充拨款，我们在百分之八十的问题上达成一致，另外百分之二十可能存在分歧。我曾对一位来这里听我介绍国家安全问题的共和党同僚说，为什么不先通过已达成共识的百分之八十，再努力解决其余百分之二十？他没有给出好答案。
So there’s no doubt that I can always do better on everything, including making additional calls to Speaker Boehner, and having more conversations with some of the House Republican leadership. But in the end, the challenge I have right now is that they are not able to act even on what they say their priorities are, and they're not able to work and compromise even with Senate Republicans on certain issues. And they consider what have been traditionally Republican-supported initiatives, they consider those as somehow a betrayal of the cause. 毫无疑问，我在所有事情上都可以做得更好，例如多给博纳议长打电话、与众议院共和党领导层多谈。但眼下的挑战是，他们连自己声称的优先事项都无法行动，也无法在某些问题上与参议院共和党人妥协；他们把传统上由共和党支持的倡议视为背叛事业。
Take the example of the Export-Import Bank. This is an interesting thing that's happened. This is a program in which we help to provide financing to sell American goods and products around the world. Every country does this. It’s traditionally been championed by Republicans. 以进出口银行为例，这是帮助美国商品和产品销往世界、提供融资的项目，各国都有，传统上一直得到共和党支持。
For some reason, right now the House Republicans have decided that we shouldn’t do this -- 不知为何，众议院共和党人现在决定不再支持它。
which means that when American companies go overseas and they're trying to close a sale on selling Boeing planes, for example, or a GE turbine, or some other American product, that has all kinds of subcontractors behind it and is creating all kinds of jobs, and all sorts of small businesses depend on that sale, and that American company is going up against a German company or a Chinese company, and the Chinese and the German company are providing financing and the American company isn’t, we may lose that sale. 这意味着，当美国公司在海外争取波音飞机、通用电气涡轮机等产品的销售订单时，这些产品背后有许多分包商，关系到大量就业，许多小企业也依赖这些订单；如果美国公司与德国或中国企业竞争，而对方提供融资、美国公司却不提供，我们就可能失去订单。
When did that become something that Republicans opposed? It would be like me having a car dealership for Ford, and the Toyota dealership offers somebody financing and I don't. We will lose business and we’ll lose jobs if we don’t pass it. 共和党何时开始反对这一点？这就像我经营福特经销店，丰田经销店给客户融资而我不给；不通过它，我们会失去生意和工作。
So there’s some big issues where I understand why we have differences. On taxes, Republicans want to maintain some corporate loopholes I think need to be closed because I think that we should be giving tax breaks to families that are struggling with child care or trying to save for a college education. On health care, obviously their view is, is that we should not be helping folks get health care, even though it’s through the private marketplace. My view is, is that in a country as wealthy as ours, we can afford to make sure that everybody has access to affordable care. 有些重大问题我理解我们存在分歧。税收方面，共和党要保留我认为应关闭的企业漏洞，我认为应给为子女托育或大学教育储蓄而努力的家庭减税。医疗方面，他们显然认为不应帮助人们获得医疗，即使是通过私人市场；我认为美国如此富裕，能够确保人人获得可负担的医疗服务。
Those are legitimate policy arguments. But getting our ambassadors confirmed? These are career diplomats, not political types. Making sure that we pass legislation to strengthen our borders and put more folks down there? Those shouldn’t be controversial. And I think you’d be hard-pressed to find an example of where I wouldn’t welcome some reasonable efforts to actually get a bill passed out of Congress that I could sign. 这些是合理的政策争论。但批准大使呢？他们是职业外交官，不是政客。通过加强边境、增加边境人员的立法呢？这些不应有争议。你恐怕很难找到一个例子，能说明我不会欢迎国会提出合理努力，通过我能签署的法案。
Last question, Michelle Kosinski. 最后一个问题，请米歇尔·科辛斯基。
Question: You made the point that in certain difficult conflicts in the past, both sides had to reach a point where they were tired of the bloodshed. Do you think that we are actually far from that point right now? And is it realistic to try to broker a cease-fire right now when there are still tunnel operations allowed to continue? Is that going to cause a change of approach from this point forward? 提问：您说过去困难冲突中双方必须厌倦流血才会停手。现在我们离那一步是否很远？在隧道行动仍可继续时促成停火现实吗？今后会改变做法吗？
President Obama: Well, keep in mind that the cease-fire that had been agreed to would have given Israel the capability to continue to dismantle these tunnel networks, but the Israelis can dismantle these tunnel networks without going into major population centers in Gaza. So I think the Israelis are entirely right that these tunnel networks need to be dismantled. There is a way of doing that while still reducing the bloodshed. 奥巴马总统：请记住，已达成的停火会让以色列继续拆除隧道；以色列无需进入加沙人口密集区也能拆除。因此以色列认为必须拆除隧道完全正确，同时可以减少流血。
You are right that in past conflicts, sometimes people have to feel deeply the costs. Anybody who has been watching some of these images I’d like to think should recognize the costs. You have children who are getting killed. You have women, defenseless, who are getting killed. You have Israelis whose lives are disrupted constantly and living in fear. 你说得对，过去冲突中人们有时必须深切感受代价。任何看过这些画面的人都应认识到：儿童被杀，手无寸铁的妇女被杀，以色列人生活不断被扰乱并生活在恐惧中。
And those are costs that are avoidable if we’re able to get a cease-fire that preserves Israel’s ability to defend itself and gives it the capacity to have an assurance that they’re not going to be constantly threatened by rocket fire in the future, and, conversely, an agreement that recognizes the Palestinian need to be able to make a living and the average Palestinian’s capacity to live a decent life. 如果能达成既保留以色列自卫能力、又让它确信未来不会持续遭火箭威胁的停火，以及承认巴勒斯坦人谋生和过体面生活需要的协议，这些代价本可避免。
But it’s hard. It’s going to be hard to get there. I think that there’s a lot of anger and there’s a lot of despair, and that’s a volatile mix. But we have to keep trying. 但这很难，需要努力。愤怒和绝望交织，十分危险，但我们必须继续尝试。
And it is -- Bill asked earlier about American leadership. Part of the reason why America remains indispensable, part of the essential ingredient in American leadership is that we’re willing to plunge in and try, where other countries don’t bother trying. I mean, the fact of the matter is, is that in all these crises that have been mentioned, there may be some tangential risks to the United States. In some cases, as in Iraq and ISIS, those are dangers that have to be addressed right now, and we have to take them very seriously. 比尔此前问到美国领导力。美国仍不可或缺的原因之一，是我们愿意在其他国家不愿尝试时投入并尝试。在这些危机中，有些风险与美国间接相关；但伊拉克和“伊斯兰国”等危险必须立即严肃处理。
But for the most part, these are not -- the rockets aren’t being fired into the United States. The reason we are concerned is because we recognize we’ve got some special responsibilities. 多数情况下，火箭并没有射向美国。我们关切，是因为认识到自己承担特殊责任。
We have to have some humility about what we can and can’t accomplish. We have to recognize that our resources are finite, and we’re coming out of a decade of war and our military has been stretched very hard, as has our budget. Nevertheless, we try. We go in there and we make an effort. 我们必须谦逊，承认能力有限、资源有限；我们刚走出十年战争，军队和预算都承受巨大压力。但我们仍会尝试、介入并努力。
And when I see John Kerry going out there and trying to broker a cease-fire, we should all be supporting him. There shouldn’t be a bunch of complaints and second-guessing about, well, it hasn’t happened yet, or nitpicking before he’s had a chance to complete his efforts. Because, I tell you what, there isn’t any other country that’s going in there and making those efforts. 看到约翰·克里努力促成停火，我们都应支持他。不应抱怨“还没成功”或在他完成努力前挑剔，因为没有其他国家在那里作出这些努力。
And more often than not, as a consequence of our involvement, we get better outcomes -- not perfect outcomes, not immediate outcomes, but we get better outcomes. And that’s going to be true with respect to the Middle East. That’s going to be true with respect to Ukraine. That’s going to be certainly true with respect to Iraq. 更多时候，由于我们参与，结果会更好；不是完美或立即见效，但会更好。中东如此，乌克兰如此，伊拉克也一定如此。
And I think it’s useful for me to end by just reminding folks that, in my first term, if I had a press conference like this, typically, everybody would want to ask about the economy and how come jobs weren’t being created, and how come the housing market is still bad, and why isn’t it working. Well, you know what, what we did worked. And the economy is better. And when I say that we’ve just had six months of more than 200,000 jobs that hasn’t happened in 17 years that shows you the power of persistence. It shows you that if you stay at it, eventually we make some progress. All right? 最后我提醒大家，第一任期举行这种新闻发布会时，大家通常会问经济、为何没有创造就业、住房市场为何仍糟、政策为何不奏效。事实是，我们的措施有效，经济已经改善。连续六个月每月新增二十万以上就业、这是17年来首次，说明坚持的力量；只要坚持，最终就会取得进展。
Question: What about John Brennan? 提问：约翰·布伦南呢？
Question: The Africa summit -- Ebola? 提问：非洲峰会——埃博拉？
President Obama: I thought that you guys were going to ask me how I was going to spend my birthday. What happened to the happy birthday thing? 奥巴马总统：我以为你们会问我怎样过生日。怎么没人说生日快乐？
Statement: Happy birthday. 插话：生日快乐。
Question: What about John Brennan? 提问：约翰·布伦南呢？
Question: Africa summit? 提问：非洲峰会？
President Obama: I will address two points. I’ll address -- 奥巴马总统：我回答两个问题。我会回答——
Question: And Flight 17? 提问：还有十七号航班吗？
President Obama: Hold on, guys. Come on. There’s just -- 奥巴马总统：等等，大家别急。只是——
Question: And Africa. 提问：还有非洲。
President Obama: You're not that pent up. I’ve been giving you questions lately. 奥巴马总统：你们没那么憋不住。我最近一直在接受你们提问。
On Brennan and the CIA, the RDI report has been transmitted, the declassified version that will be released at the pleasure of the Senate committee. 关于布伦南和中央情报局，相关报告已经提交；解密版本将在参议院委员会决定时发布。
I have full confidence in John Brennan. I think he has acknowledged and directly apologized to Senator Feinstein that CIA personnel did not properly handle an investigation as to how certain documents that were not authorized to be released to the Senate staff got somehow into the hands of the Senate staff. And it’s clear from the IG report that some very poor judgment was shown in terms of how that was handled. 我完全信任约翰·布伦南。他已承认并直接向范斯坦参议员道歉：中情局人员没有正确处理调查，未获授权向参议院工作人员公开的文件如何进入他们手中。监察长报告清楚表明，处理方式显示出非常糟糕的判断。
Keep in mind, though, that John Brennan was the person who called for the IG report, and he’s already stood up a task force to make sure that lessons are learned and mistakes are resolved. 但要记住，约翰·布伦南正是要求调查报告的人，他已成立工作组，确保吸取教训并纠正错误。
With respect to the larger point of the RDI report itself, even before I came into office I was very clear that in the immediate aftermath of 9/11 we did some things that were wrong. We did a whole lot of things that were right, but we tortured some folks. We did some things that were contrary to our values. 关于相关报告更大的问题，我上任前就明确说过，九一一后最初阶段我们做过错误的事，也做过很多正确的事，但我们拷问过一些人，做了违背价值观的事。
I understand why it happened. I think it’s important when we look back to recall how afraid people were after the Twin Towers fell and the Pentagon had been hit and the plane in Pennsylvania had fallen, and people did not know whether more attacks were imminent, and there was enormous pressure on our law enforcement and our national security teams to try to deal with this. And it’s important for us not to feel too sanctimonious in retrospect about the tough job that those folks had. And a lot of those folks were working hard under enormous pressure and are real patriots. 我理解事情为何发生。回顾时应记住双子塔倒塌、五角大楼遭袭、宾夕法尼亚坠机后人们多么恐惧，不知道是否会有更多袭击；执法和国家安全团队承受巨大压力。不要事后过度自以为是，那些人在巨大压力下努力工作，是真正的爱国者。
But having said all that, we did some things that were wrong. And that's what that report reflects. And that's the reason why, after I took office, one of the first things I did was to ban some of the extraordinary interrogation techniques that are the subject of that report. 但即便如此，我们做过错误的事，报告反映了这一点。因此我上任后最先做的事之一，就是禁止报告所涉及的一些非常规审讯技术。
And my hope is, is that this report reminds us once again that the character of our country has to be measured in part not by what we do when things are easy, but what we do when things are hard. And when we engaged in some of these enhanced interrogation techniques, techniques that I believe and I think any fair-minded person would believe were torture, we crossed a line. And that needs to be -- that needs to be understood and accepted. And we have to, as a country, take responsibility for that so that, hopefully, we don't do it again in the future. 我希望报告再次提醒我们：国家品格不仅要看容易时做什么，更要看困难时做什么。我们采用我认为、任何公正的人也会认为属于酷刑的强化审讯技术，越过了底线。我们必须理解并接受这一点，国家要承担责任，以免未来重犯。
Question: Mr. President -- 提问：总统先生——
President Obama: Now, I gave you a question. 奥巴马总统：刚才我给过你一个问题。
Statement: All right. 插话：好的。
Question: The summit -- the U.S.-Africa -- 提问：美非峰会——
President Obama: We’ve got a U.S.-Africa Summit coming up next week. It is going to be an unprecedented gathering of African leaders. The importance of this for America needs to be understood. Africa is one of the fastest-growing continents in the world. You’ve got six of the 10 fastest-growing economies in Africa. 奥巴马总统：下周将举行美非峰会，这是非洲领导人前所未有的聚会。美国必须理解其重要性。非洲是世界上增长最快的大陆之一，全球增长最快的十个经济体中有六个在非洲。
You have all sorts of other countries like China and Brazil and India deeply interested in working with Africa -- not to extract natural resources alone, which traditionally has been the relationship between Africa and the rest of the world -- but now because Africa is growing and you’ve got thriving markets and you’ve got entrepreneurs and extraordinary talent among the people there. 中国、巴西、印度等国都对与非洲合作深感兴趣，不只是像过去那样单纯攫取自然资源，而是因为非洲正在增长，拥有繁荣市场、企业家和非凡人才。
And Africa also happens to be one of the continents where America is most popular and people feel a real affinity for our way of life. And we’ve made enormous progress over the last several years in not just providing traditional aid to Africa, helping countries that are suffering from malnutrition or helping countries that are suffering from AIDS, but rather partnering and thinking about how can we trade more and how can we do business together. And that’s the kind of relationship that Africa is looking for. 非洲也是美国最受欢迎的大陆之一，人们真心亲近我们的生活方式。过去几年我们不仅提供传统援助，帮助营养不良或受艾滋病困扰的国家，还与他们建立伙伴关系，思考如何增加贸易、共同经商；这正是非洲期待的关系。
And I’ve had conversations over the last several months with U.S. businesses -- some of the biggest U.S. businesses in the world -- and they say, Africa, that’s one of our top priorities; we want to do business with those folks, and we think that we can create U.S. jobs and send U.S. exports to Africa. But we’ve got to be engaged, and so this gives us a chance to do that. It also gives us a chance to talk to Africa about security issues -- because, as we’ve seen, terrorist networks try to find places where governance is weak and security structures are weak. 过去几个月我与一些全球最大的美国企业交谈，他们说非洲是首要重点，希望在那里经营，相信能创造美国就业并向非洲出口。但我们必须参与，这次峰会提供了机会；也能讨论安全，因为恐怖网络会寻找治理和安全结构薄弱的地方。
And if we want to keep ourselves safe over the long term, then one of the things that we can do is make sure that we are partnering with some countries that really have pretty effective security forces and have been deploying themselves in peacekeeping and conflict resolution efforts in Africa. And that, ultimately, can save us and our troops and our military a lot of money if we’ve got strong partners who are able to deal with conflicts in these regions. 若要长期保证安全，我们可以与拥有有效安全力量、一直参与非洲维和和冲突解决的国家合作。拥有能处理地区冲突的强大伙伴，最终可节省美国、军队和军方大量资金。
So it’s going to be a terrific conference. I won’t lie to you, traffic will be bad here in Washington. I know that everybody has been warned about that, but we are really looking forward to this and I think it’s going to be a great success. 峰会会很精彩。我不瞒你们，华盛顿交通会很糟，大家都已得到提醒；但我们很期待，我认为它会取得巨大成功。
Now, the last thing I’m going to say about this, because I know that it’s been on people’s minds, is the issue of Ebola. This is something that we take very seriously. As soon as there’s an outbreak anywhere in the world of any disease that could have significant effects, the CDC is in communication with the World Health Organization and other multilateral agencies to try to make sure that we’ve got an appropriate response. 最后谈谈大家关心的埃博拉。我们非常认真对待。世界任何地方爆发可能产生重大影响的疾病时，疾病控制与预防中心都会与世界卫生组织及其他多边机构沟通，确保采取适当应对。
This has been a more aggressive Ebola outbreak than we’ve seen in the past. But keep in mind that it is still affecting parts of three countries, and we’ve got some 50 countries represented at this summit. We are doing two things with respect to the summit itself. We’re taking the appropriate precautions. Folks who are coming from these countries that have even a marginal risk or an infinitesimal risk of having been exposed in some fashion, we’re making sure we’re doing screening on that end -- as they leave the country. We’ll do additional screening when they’re here. 这次埃博拉疫情比过去更猛烈，但仍只影响三个国家的部分地区，而峰会有约五十个国家代表。关于峰会我们做两件事：采取适当预防；来自哪怕有边际或极小暴露风险国家的人离境时接受筛查，抵达后再筛查。
We feel confident that the procedures that we’ve put in place are appropriate. 我们相信已经制定的程序适当。
More broadly, the CDC and our various health agencies are going to be working very intently with the World Health Organization and some of our partner countries to make sure that we can surge some resources down there and organization to these countries that are pretty poor and don’t have a strong public health infrastructure so that we can start containing the problem. 更广泛地说，疾控中心和各卫生机构将与世界卫生组织及伙伴国密切合作，向这些贫困、公共卫生基础薄弱的国家迅速调配资源和组织力量，开始控制疫情。
Keep in mind that Ebola is not something that is easily transmitted. That’s why, generally, outbreaks dissipate. But the key is identifying, quarantining, isolating those who contract it and making sure that practices are in place that avoid transmission. And it can be done, but it’s got to be done in an organized, systematic way, and that means that we’re going to have to help these countries accomplish that. 请记住，埃博拉并不容易传播，所以疫情通常会消退。关键是识别、隔离感染者，并实行避免传播的措施。这可以做到，但必须有组织、有系统地进行，我们必须帮助这些国家完成。
All right? Okay. 好的，好的。
Question: Happy Birthday, Mr. President. 提问：总统先生，生日快乐。
President Obama: There you go, April. That’s what I was talking about -- somebody finally wished me happy birthday -- although it isn’t until Monday, you’re right. 奥巴马总统：好了，艾普丽尔，这就是我说的——终于有人祝我生日快乐，虽然你说得对，生日要到星期一。
Thank you so much. 非常感谢大家。
